{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7128631962","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.09529","title":"SCA-Net: Spatial-Contextual Aggregation Network for Enhanced Small Building and Road Change Detection","display_name":"SCA-Net: Spatial-Contextual Aggregation Network for Enhanced Small Building and Road Change Detection","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7128631962","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.09529"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.09529","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125634302","display_name":"Emad Gholibeigi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gholibeigi, Emad","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031909680","display_name":"Abbas Koochari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0584-6470"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Koochari, Abbas","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"ZamaniFar, Azadeh","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"ZamaniFar, Azadeh","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5125634302"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9135000109672546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9135000109672546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.046300001442432404,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13282","display_name":"Automated Road and Building Extraction","score":0.006399999838322401,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/change-detection","display_name":"Change detection","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.6043000221252441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intersection","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","score":0.565500020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pyramid","display_name":"Pyramid (geometry)","score":0.5461999773979187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.4957999885082245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.44769999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.42739999294281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.4239000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.3833000063896179}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203595873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25389927","display_name":"Change detection","level":2,"score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6815000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.6043000221252441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64543145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162942","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.565500020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142575187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3358290","display_name":"Pyramid (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5461999773979187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.4957999885082245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4611999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.44769999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.42739999294281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4239000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3833000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777211547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.3765000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.34630000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.3458000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.3443000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.31279999017715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.2939999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q639681","display_name":"Network architecture","level":2,"score":0.29249998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.289000004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.28439998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.2775999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87833898","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1060280","display_name":"Advanced driver assistance systems","level":2,"score":0.2761000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2662999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.265500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2651999890804291}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.09529","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.09529","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.09529","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.09529","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.6021384596824646,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Automated":[0],"change":[1,57,75,181],"detection":[2,58,182],"in":[3,59,145,158],"remote":[4],"sensing":[5],"imagery":[6],"is":[7],"critical":[8],"for":[9,52,73,95,160,179],"urban":[10],"management,":[11],"environmental":[12],"monitoring,":[13],"and":[14,36,55,84,88,93,98,107,117,125,134,153,176],"disaster":[15],"assessment.":[16],"While":[17],"deep":[18],"learning":[19],"models":[20],"have":[21],"advanced":[22],"this":[23],"field,":[24],"they":[25],"often":[26],"struggle":[27],"with":[28],"challenges":[29],"like":[30],"low":[31],"sensitivity":[32],"to":[33,114],"small":[34,161],"objects":[35],"high":[37],"computational":[38],"costs.":[39],"This":[40,170],"paper":[41],"presents":[42],"SCA-Net,":[43],"an":[44,77,173],"enhanced":[45],"architecture":[46],"built":[47],"upon":[48],"the":[49,123,165],"Change-Agent":[50,133],"framework":[51],"precise":[53],"building":[54],"road":[56],"bi-temporal":[60],"images.":[61],"Our":[62,138],"model":[63],"incorporates":[64],"several":[65],"key":[66],"innovations:":[67],"a":[68,102,108,141,154],"novel":[69],"Difference":[70],"Pyramid":[71],"Block":[72],"multi-scale":[74],"analysis,":[76],"Adaptive":[78],"Multi-scale":[79],"Processing":[80],"module":[81],"combining":[82],"shape-aware":[83],"high-resolution":[85],"enhancement":[86],"blocks,":[87],"multi-level":[89],"attention":[90],"mechanisms":[91],"(PPM":[92],"CSAGate)":[94],"joint":[96],"contextual":[97],"detail":[99],"processing.":[100],"Furthermore,":[101],"dynamic":[103],"composite":[104],"loss":[105],"function":[106],"four-phase":[109],"training":[110,116,166],"strategy":[111],"are":[112],"introduced":[113],"stabilize":[115],"accelerate":[118],"convergence.":[119],"Comprehensive":[120],"evaluations":[121],"on":[122,151],"LEVIR-CD":[124],"LEVIR-MCI":[126,152],"datasets":[127],"demonstrate":[128],"SCA-Net's":[129],"superior":[130],"performance":[131],"over":[132,148],"other":[135],"state-of-the-art":[136],"methods.":[137],"approach":[139],"achieves":[140],"significant":[142],"2.64%":[143],"improvement":[144],"mean":[146],"Intersection":[147],"Union":[149],"(mIoU)":[150],"remarkable":[155],"57.9%":[156],"increase":[157],"IoU":[159],"buildings,":[162],"while":[163],"reducing":[164],"time":[167],"by":[168],"61%.":[169],"work":[171],"provides":[172],"efficient,":[174],"accurate,":[175],"robust":[177],"solution":[178],"practical":[180],"applications.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2026-02-12T00:00:00"}