{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7128498855","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.08864","title":"Understanding Dynamic Compute Allocation in Recurrent Transformers","display_name":"Understanding Dynamic Compute Allocation in Recurrent Transformers","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7128498855","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.08864"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.08864","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"publisher-specific-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070392506","display_name":"Ibraheem Muhammad Moosa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4853-0492"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Moosa, Ibraheem Muhammad","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056968977","display_name":"Suhas Lohit","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0392-3818"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lohit, Suhas","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125521458","display_name":"Ye Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang, Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053722799","display_name":"Moitreya Chatterjee","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chatterjee, Moitreya","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125493145","display_name":"Wenpeng Yin","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yin, Wenpeng","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.1564203,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.33730000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.33730000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.08479999750852585,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.08060000091791153,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unobservable","display_name":"Unobservable","score":0.7125999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.7013000249862671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parameterized-complexity","display_name":"Parameterized complexity","score":0.6539000272750854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.607699990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.41040000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.3862000107765198}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7713000178337097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780695315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3799040","display_name":"Unobservable","level":2,"score":0.7125999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.7013000249862671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165464430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1570441","display_name":"Parameterized complexity","level":2,"score":0.6539000272750854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.607699990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4341000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.41040000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.3862000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.36399999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3465000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.29089999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777472644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16968992","display_name":"Approximate inference","level":3,"score":0.27730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128099668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q573952","display_name":"Lazy evaluation","level":3,"score":0.2770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.2669000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.26109999418258667}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.08864","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"publisher-specific-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.08864","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.08864","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.08864","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"publisher-specific-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.5521636605262756,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Token-level":[0],"adaptive":[1,118],"computation":[2,11,96,119],"seeks":[3],"to":[4,12,17,111,154,156],"reduce":[5],"inference":[6],"cost":[7],"by":[8],"allocating":[9,161],"more":[10,179],"harder":[13],"tokens":[14],"and":[15,37,69,125],"less":[16],"easier":[18],"ones.":[19],"However,":[20],"prior":[21],"work":[22],"is":[23,35],"primarily":[24],"evaluated":[25],"on":[26,172],"natural-language":[27],"benchmarks":[28],"using":[29,67],"task-level":[30],"metrics,":[31],"where":[32],"token-level":[33,80,117],"difficulty":[34,142],"unobservable":[36],"confounded":[38],"with":[39,50,73,122,135],"architectural":[40],"factors,":[41],"making":[42],"it":[43],"unclear":[44],"whether":[45],"compute":[46,81,99,132,169],"allocation":[47,100,133],"truly":[48],"aligns":[49],"underlying":[51],"complexity.":[52],"We":[53,164],"address":[54],"this":[55,109],"gap":[56],"through":[57],"three":[58],"contributions.":[59],"First,":[60],"we":[61,84,107],"introduce":[62],"a":[63,87,113],"complexity-controlled":[64],"evaluation":[65],"paradigm":[66],"algorithmic":[68,150,182],"synthetic":[70],"language":[71],"tasks":[72],"parameterized":[74],"difficulty,":[75],"enabling":[76],"direct":[77],"testing":[78],"of":[79,116],"allocation.":[82],"Second,":[83],"propose":[85],"ANIRA,":[86],"unified":[88],"recurrent":[89],"Transformer":[90],"framework":[91,110],"that":[92,131,167],"supports":[93],"per-token":[94],"variable-depth":[95],"while":[97],"isolating":[98],"decisions":[101,170],"from":[102],"other":[103],"model":[104],"factors.":[105],"Third,":[106],"use":[108],"conduct":[112],"systematic":[114],"analysis":[115],"across":[120],"alignment":[121,146],"complexity,":[123],"generalization,":[124],"decision":[126],"timing.":[127],"Our":[128],"results":[129],"show":[130],"aligned":[134],"task":[136],"complexity":[137],"can":[138],"emerge":[139],"without":[140],"explicit":[141],"supervision,":[143],"but":[144],"such":[145],"does":[147],"not":[148],"imply":[149],"generalization:":[151],"models":[152],"fail":[153],"extrapolate":[155],"unseen":[157],"input":[158],"sizes":[159],"despite":[160],"additional":[162],"computation.":[163],"further":[165],"find":[166],"early":[168],"rely":[171],"static":[173],"structural":[174],"cues,":[175],"whereas":[176],"online":[177],"halting":[178],"closely":[180],"tracks":[181],"execution":[183],"state.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2026-02-11T00:00:00"}
