{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7127570258","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.03718","title":"A Narrowband Fully-Analog Multi-Antenna Transmitter","display_name":"A Narrowband Fully-Analog Multi-Antenna Transmitter","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7127570258","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.03718"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.03718","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"publisher-specific-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072326730","display_name":"Nikola Zlatanov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6828-3308"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zlatanov, Nikola","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072326730"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.10100187,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11248","display_name":"Advanced Power Amplifier Design","score":0.536899983882904,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11248","display_name":"Advanced Power Amplifier Design","score":0.536899983882904,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.09359999746084213,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.08760000020265579,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/narrowband","display_name":"Narrowband","score":0.7994999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.7501000165939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.4106000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/realization","display_name":"Realization (probability)","score":0.4027000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lossless-compression","display_name":"Lossless compression","score":0.3953999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.384799987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.38199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.3790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reconfigurability","display_name":"Reconfigurability","score":0.3463999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-coupler","display_name":"Hybrid coupler","score":0.3434999883174896}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776096036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140483","display_name":"Narrowband","level":2,"score":0.7994999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.7501000165939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.597100019454956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5274999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.4106000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781089630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21856745","display_name":"Realization (probability)","level":2,"score":0.4027000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81081738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55542","display_name":"Lossless compression","level":3,"score":0.3953999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.384799987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.38199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.3790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780149590","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7302742","display_name":"Reconfigurability","level":2,"score":0.3463999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80185135","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1417986","display_name":"Hybrid coupler","level":3,"score":0.3434999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509933004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194163","display_name":"Broadband","level":2,"score":0.3407999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65422117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q358527","display_name":"Transmitter power output","level":4,"score":0.32589998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3221000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195358072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944584","display_name":"Telephony","level":2,"score":0.31619998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17829176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043","display_name":"Electrical impedance","level":2,"score":0.2953999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.29429998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.287200003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19275194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q222903","display_name":"Multiplexing","level":2,"score":0.27900001406669617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180205008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159190","display_name":"Amplitude","level":2,"score":0.27549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201905106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183755","display_name":"Amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.2743000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142031617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105437","display_name":"Radio transmitter design","level":4,"score":0.27149999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C208081375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274502","display_name":"Degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.27059999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.2703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7720470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954187","display_name":"Transceiver","level":3,"score":0.2660999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2651999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134835016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690265","display_name":"Lookup table","level":2,"score":0.26269999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50151734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1759577","display_name":"Matched filter","level":3,"score":0.259799987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.25780001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.2565000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C612350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1761108","display_name":"Impedance matching","level":3,"score":0.2524000108242035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778067643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166507","display_name":"Interval (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.25189998745918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.2515999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.25130000710487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171115542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331892","display_name":"Software-defined radio","level":2,"score":0.2506999969482422}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.03718","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"publisher-specific-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.03718","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.03718","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.03718","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"publisher-specific-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,13,40,51,102,107,119,123,127,144,171,223],"narrowband":[4,14],"fully-analog":[5,25,197,220],"$N$-antenna":[6,16],"transmitter":[7,26,198],"that":[8,111],"emulates":[9],"the":[10,23,66,75,79,133,150,189,195,211,219],"functionality":[11],"of":[12,167,194],"fully-digital":[15,206],"transmitter.":[17],"Specifically,":[18],"in":[19,50],"symbol":[20],"interval":[21],"$m$,":[22],"proposed":[24,196],"synthesizes":[27],"an":[28,203],"arbitrary":[29],"complex":[30],"excitation":[31],"vector":[32],"$\\boldsymbol{x}[m]\\in\\mathbb{C}^N$":[33],"with":[34,176],"prescribed":[35],"total":[36],"power":[37,88,193,216,227],"$\\|\\boldsymbol{x}[m]\\|_2^2=P$":[38],"from":[39],"single":[41],"RF":[42,87],"tone,":[43],"using":[44,138,153],"only":[45],"tunable":[46,140,155,165],"phase-control":[47],"elements":[48],"embedded":[49],"passive":[52],"interferometric":[53],"programmable":[54,57],"network.":[55],"The":[56,96,158],"network":[58,80],"is":[59,82,99],"excited":[60],"through":[61],"one":[62],"input":[63,69],"port":[64],"while":[65],"remaining":[67],"$N-1$":[68,139],"ports":[70,91],"are":[71],"impedance":[72],"matched.":[73],"In":[74],"ideal":[76],"lossless":[77],"case,":[78],"transfer":[81],"unitary":[83,103,108],"and":[84,115,122,143,169,199],"therefore":[85],"redistributes":[86],"among":[89],"antenna":[90],"without":[92],"dissipative":[93],"amplitude":[94],"control.":[95],"synthesis":[97],"task":[98],"posed":[100],"as":[101],"state-preparation":[104],"problem:":[105],"program":[106],"family":[109],"so":[110],"$\\boldsymbol{V}(\\boldsymbol\u03c6[m])\\boldsymbol{e}_1=\\boldsymbol{c}[m]$,":[112],"where":[113],"$\\boldsymbol{c}[m]=\\boldsymbol{x}[m]/\\sqrt{P}$":[114],"$\\|\\boldsymbol{c}[m]\\|_2=1$.":[116],"We":[117],"provide":[118],"parameter-minimal":[120],"realization":[121],"closed-form":[124],"programming":[125,174],"rule:":[126],"balanced":[128],"binary":[129],"magnitude-splitting":[130],"tree":[131],"allocates":[132],"desired":[134],"per-antenna":[135,145],"magnitudes":[136],"$|c_n|$":[137],"split":[141],"ratios,":[142],"output":[146],"phase":[147,156],"bank":[148],"assigns":[149],"target":[151],"phases":[152],"$N$":[154],"shifts.":[157],"resulting":[159],"architecture":[160,221],"uses":[161],"exactly":[162],"$2N-1$":[163],"real":[164],"degrees":[166],"freedom":[168],"admits":[170],"deterministic":[172],"$O(N)$":[173],"procedure":[175],"no":[177],"iterative":[178],"optimization,":[179],"enabling":[180],"symbol-by-symbol":[181],"updates.":[182],"Using":[183],"representative":[184],"COTS":[185,205],"components,":[186],"we":[187],"model":[188],"compute-excluded":[190],"RF-front-end":[191,215],"DC":[192],"compare":[200],"it":[201],"against":[202],"equivalent":[204],"array.":[207],"For":[208],"$N\\le":[209],"16$,":[210],"comparison":[212],"indicates":[213],"significant":[214],"savings":[217],"for":[218],"under":[222],"common":[224],"delivered":[225],"antenna-port":[226],"normalization.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2026-02-06T00:00:00"}
