{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7127573414","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.02713","title":"Perfusion Imaging and Single Material Reconstruction in Polychromatic Photon Counting CT","display_name":"Perfusion Imaging and Single Material Reconstruction in Polychromatic Photon Counting CT","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7127573414","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.02713"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.02713","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.02713","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.02713","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125072953","display_name":"Namhoon Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kim, Namhoon","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085869933","display_name":"Ashwin Pananjady","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0824-9815"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pananjady, Ashwin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059090915","display_name":"Amir Pourmorteza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7149-5424"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pourmorteza, Amir","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049727497","display_name":"Sara Fridovich-Keil","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fridovich-Keil, Sara","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5125072953"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12386","display_name":"Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging","score":0.9318000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12386","display_name":"Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging","score":0.9318000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.03700000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11183","display_name":"Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques","score":0.008500000461935997,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/imaging-phantom","display_name":"Imaging phantom","score":0.7305999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.5504999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photon","display_name":"Photon","score":0.5435000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-reconstruction","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","score":0.5393000245094299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perfusion","display_name":"Perfusion","score":0.5318999886512756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photon-counting","display_name":"Photon counting","score":0.5273000001907349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","score":0.4968000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-photon-emission-computed-tomography","display_name":"Single-photon emission computed tomography","score":0.45399999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sampling","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","score":0.44699999690055847}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104293457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28324852","display_name":"Imaging phantom","level":2,"score":0.7305999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.5504999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159317903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3198","display_name":"Photon","level":2,"score":0.5435000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141379421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6094427","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","level":2,"score":0.5393000245094299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146957229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1266915","display_name":"Perfusion","level":2,"score":0.5318999886512756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781402376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17126172","display_name":"Photon counting","level":3,"score":0.5273000001907349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.4968000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214963","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","level":1,"score":0.4652000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780441642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849737","display_name":"Single-photon emission computed tomography","level":2,"score":0.45399999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.44699999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.4465000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97742081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7820109","display_name":"Tomographic reconstruction","level":3,"score":0.43299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4302999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31601959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931309","display_name":"Medical imaging","level":2,"score":0.4113999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93038891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061524","display_name":"Intensity (physics)","level":2,"score":0.39579999446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841267","display_name":"Tomography","level":2,"score":0.39160001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.38760000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135691158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7168308","display_name":"Perfusion scanning","level":3,"score":0.382999986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.376800000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55020928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813865","display_name":"Image quality","level":3,"score":0.36399999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539932907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1103","display_name":"Iodine","level":2,"score":0.3553999960422516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778064278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5372630","display_name":"Emission computed tomography","level":3,"score":0.35249999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115051666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Ranging","level":2,"score":0.3352000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779898584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7820109","display_name":"Reconstruction algorithm","level":3,"score":0.33160001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.3188999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.30880001187324524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779498123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5177149","display_name":"Counting efficiency","level":3,"score":0.272599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2662999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.26330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106436119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836575","display_name":"Quality assurance","level":3,"score":0.25189998745918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202799725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272035","display_name":"Accuracy and precision","level":2,"score":0.2515999972820282}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.02713","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.02713","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.02713","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.02713","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Perfusion":[1],"computed":[2],"tomography":[3],"(CT)":[4],"images":[5],"the":[6,13,21,69,73,77,162],"dynamics":[7],"of":[8,20,72,112,150],"a":[9,30,37,105,199],"contrast":[10,74],"agent":[11,75],"through":[12],"body":[14],"over":[15],"time,":[16],"and":[17,50,92,110,169,179,204,222,234,245,264],"is":[18,81],"one":[19],"highest":[22],"X-ray":[23,127],"dose":[24,200],"scans":[25],"in":[26,164,242,268],"medical":[27],"imaging.":[28,57],"Recently,":[29],"theoretically":[31],"justified":[32],"reconstruction":[33,62,211],"algorithm":[34,63],"based":[35],"on":[36,213],"monotone":[38],"variational":[39],"inequality":[40],"(VI)":[41],"was":[42,153],"proposed":[43],"for":[44,64,100],"single":[45],"material":[46],"polychromatic":[47],"photon-counting":[48,269],"CT,":[49,66,103],"showed":[51],"promising":[52],"early":[53],"results":[54],"at":[55,191],"low-dose":[56],"Purpose:":[58],"We":[59,96,172],"adapt":[60],"this":[61],"perfusion":[65,102,266],"to":[67,122,132,142,158,160,207,238],"reconstruct":[68],"concentration":[70,185],"map":[71],"while":[76],"static":[78],"background":[79],"tissue":[80],"assumed":[82],"known;":[83],"we":[84],"call":[85],"our":[86],"method":[87],"VI-PRISM":[88,174,182,209,227,249,260],"(VI-based":[89],"PeRfusion":[90],"Imaging":[91],"Single":[93],"Material":[94],"reconstruction).":[95],"evaluate":[97],"its":[98],"potential":[99],"dose-reduced":[101],"using":[104],"digital":[106],"phantom":[107],"with":[108,135,186,198,215,253],"water":[109],"iodine":[111,117,184,251],"varying":[113],"concentration.":[114],"Methods:":[115],"Simulated":[116],"concentrations":[118,252],"range":[119],"from":[120,139,155],"0.05":[121],"2.5":[123],"mg/ml.":[124],"The":[125,148],"simulated":[126],"source":[128,193],"emits":[129],"photons":[130,144],"up":[131],"100":[133],"keV,":[134],"average":[136],"intensity":[137,194],"ranging":[138],"$10^5$":[140],"down":[141,157],"$10^2$":[143],"per":[145],"detector":[146],"element.":[147],"number":[149],"tomographic":[151],"projections":[152],"varied":[154],"984":[156],"8":[159],"characterize":[161],"tradeoff":[163],"photon":[165,220],"allocation":[166],"between":[167,202],"views":[168],"intensity.":[170],"Results:":[171],"compare":[173],"against":[175],"filtered":[176,239],"back-projection":[177],"(FBP),":[178],"find":[180],"that":[181,259],"recovers":[183],"error":[187],"below":[188,255],"0.4":[189,256],"mg/ml":[190],"all":[192,219],"levels":[195],"tested.":[196],"Even":[197,241],"reduction":[201],"10x":[203],"100x":[205],"compared":[206,237],"FBP,":[208],"exhibits":[210],"quality":[212],"par":[214],"FBP.":[216],"Conclusion:":[217],"Across":[218],"budgets":[221],"angular":[223],"sampling":[224],"densities":[225],"tested,":[226],"achieved":[228],"consistently":[229],"lower":[230],"RMSE,":[231],"reduced":[232],"noise,":[233],"higher":[235],"SNR":[236],"back-projection.":[240],"extremely":[243],"photon-limited":[244],"sparsely":[246],"sampled":[247],"regimes,":[248],"recovered":[250],"errors":[254],"mg/ml,":[257],"showing":[258],"can":[261],"support":[262],"accurate":[263],"dose-efficient":[265],"imaging":[267],"CT.":[270]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-02-06T02:05:47.483045","created_date":"2026-02-06T00:00:00"}