{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7127194244","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2601.22488","title":"Elastic Spectral State Space Models for Budgeted Inference","display_name":"Elastic Spectral State Space Models for Budgeted Inference","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7127194244","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2601.22488"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2601.22488","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"publisher-specific-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090557739","display_name":"Dachuan Song","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Song, Dachuan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124834006","display_name":"Xuan Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang, Xuan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090557739"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.18979999423027039,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.18979999423027039,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.16349999606609344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.10320000350475311,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.7432000041007996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalization","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","score":0.5914000272750854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parameter-space","display_name":"Parameter space","score":0.47099998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-space","display_name":"Spectral space","score":0.4325999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.42309999465942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4104999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-space","display_name":"State space","score":0.3953999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.36320000886917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/approximate-inference","display_name":"Approximate inference","score":0.352400004863739}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.7432000041007996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136886441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926129","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.5914000272750854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5489000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5127999782562256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73586568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2600211","display_name":"Parameter space","level":2,"score":0.47099998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778740170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7575210","display_name":"Spectral space","level":2,"score":0.4325999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.42309999465942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4104999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72434380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230930","display_name":"State space","level":2,"score":0.3953999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3797000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.36320000886917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777472644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16968992","display_name":"Approximate inference","level":3,"score":0.352400004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.35089999437332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.34040001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.33399999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52918065","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230945","display_name":"State-space representation","level":2,"score":0.31380000710487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.310699999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.30730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106195933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7847935","display_name":"Truncation (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.29760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51632099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Training set","level":2,"score":0.29600000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93959086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888345","display_name":"Model selection","level":2,"score":0.2928999960422516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.2827000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163175372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3339222","display_name":"Linear model","level":2,"score":0.28119999170303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167928553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376021","display_name":"Estimation theory","level":2,"score":0.2766999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127964446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1092142","display_name":"Computational resource","level":3,"score":0.26989999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.267300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.2614000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25023664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1575637","display_name":"Hankel matrix","level":2,"score":0.26030001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.2542000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42355184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361088","display_name":"Matrix decomposition","level":3,"score":0.2538999915122986}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2601.22488","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"publisher-specific-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2601.22488","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2601.22488","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2601.22488","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"publisher-specific-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Foundation":[0],"models":[1],"are":[2],"typically":[3],"trained":[4,104,157],"at":[5,50,68,173],"a":[6,41,93,100,110,153,192],"fixed":[7],"computational":[8],"capacity,":[9,70],"while":[10,129],"real-world":[11],"applications":[12],"require":[13,64],"deployment":[14],"across":[15,140],"platforms":[16],"with":[17,99,167],"different":[18],"resource":[19],"constraints.":[20],"Current":[21],"approaches":[22],"usually":[23],"rely":[24],"on":[25,88],"training":[26,37,67],"families":[27],"of":[28,44,195],"model":[29,32,96,156],"variants":[30],"or":[31],"distillation,":[33],"which":[34,63],"requires":[35],"additional":[36],"and":[38,148,170,187],"supports":[39],"only":[40,65],"pre-selected":[42],"set":[43],"sizes":[45],"rather":[46],"than":[47],"fine-grained":[48],"adaptation":[49],"runtime.":[51],"In":[52],"this":[53],"paper,":[54],"we":[55,120,184],"propose":[56],"Elastic":[57],"Spectral":[58],"State":[59],"Space":[60],"Models":[61],"(ES-SSM),":[62],"one-time":[66],"full":[69],"but":[71],"can":[72,159],"be":[73,160],"directly":[74],"truncated":[75,161],"into":[76],"arbitrary":[77],"scales":[78],"for":[79],"budgeted,":[80],"runtime":[81,182],"inference":[82],"without":[83],"retraining.":[84],"Our":[85],"ES-SSM":[86,155],"builds":[87],"Hankel":[89],"spectral":[90,107,118],"filtering":[91],"over":[92,115,191],"state":[94],"space":[95],"(SSM),":[97],"coupled":[98],"lightweight":[101],"input-adaptive":[102],"gate":[103],"under":[105,180],"randomized":[106],"budgets.":[108],"Using":[109],"shared":[111],"masked":[112],"normalization":[113],"rule":[114],"the":[116],"ordered":[117],"channels,":[119],"encourage":[121],"predictive":[122],"capability":[123],"to":[124,162],"concentrate":[125],"in":[126],"low-index":[127],"components,":[128],"higher-index":[130],"components":[131],"act":[132],"primarily":[133],"as":[134],"refinement.":[135],"We":[136,150],"test":[137],"our":[138],"algorithm":[139],"long-sequence":[141],"benchmarks":[142],"spanning":[143],"text,":[144],"logic,":[145],"retrieval,":[146],"vision,":[147],"audio.":[149],"demonstrate":[151],"that":[152],"single":[154],"once":[158],"provide":[163],"competitive":[164],"performance":[165],"compared":[166],"modern":[168],"Transformer":[169],"SSM":[171],"baselines":[172],"similar":[174],"parameter":[175],"scales.":[176],"Furthermore,":[177],"by":[178],"testing":[179],"various":[181],"budgets,":[183],"observe":[185],"smooth":[186],"stable":[188],"budget-performance":[189],"curves":[190],"wide":[193],"range":[194],"truncation":[196],"levels.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2026-02-03T00:00:00"}
