{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7126190041","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2601.21651","title":"A Thermal-Electrical Co-Optimization Framework for Active Distribution Grids with Electric Vehicles and Heat Pumps","display_name":"A Thermal-Electrical Co-Optimization Framework for Active Distribution Grids with Electric Vehicles and Heat Pumps","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7126190041","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2601.21651"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2601.21651","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2601.21651","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2601.21651","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124459024","display_name":"Savvas Panagi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Panagi, Savvas","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082263524","display_name":"Chrysovalantis Spanias","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3046-3287"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Spanias, Chrysovalantis","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124397321","display_name":"Petros Aristidou","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aristidou, Petros","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11185","display_name":"Integrated Energy Systems Optimization","score":0.5318999886512756,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11185","display_name":"Integrated Energy Systems Optimization","score":0.5318999886512756,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10454","display_name":"Optimal Power Flow Distribution","score":0.22619999945163727,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.08250000327825546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.5115000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-generation","display_name":"Distributed generation","score":0.5090000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.48590001463890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrification","display_name":"Electrification","score":0.45089998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convex-optimization","display_name":"Convex optimization","score":0.3849000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photovoltaic-system","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","score":0.3747999966144562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal","display_name":"Thermal","score":0.34940001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-flow","display_name":"Power flow","score":0.3416000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-network","display_name":"Electric network","score":0.337799996137619}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5830000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5115000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544738498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861135","display_name":"Distributed generation","level":3,"score":0.5090000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.48590001463890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778324724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1076056","display_name":"Electrification","level":3,"score":0.45089998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4318999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157972887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q463359","display_name":"Convex optimization","level":3,"score":0.3849000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41291067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1897785","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","level":2,"score":0.3747999966144562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.361299991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.3569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.34940001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986056383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q556030","display_name":"Power flow","level":4,"score":0.3416000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983407661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132629","display_name":"Electric network","level":3,"score":0.337799996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114809511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412924","display_name":"Flow network","level":2,"score":0.3375000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.33640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108755667","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1930258","display_name":"AC power","level":3,"score":0.33160001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112680207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q714886","display_name":"Regular polygon","level":2,"score":0.3264999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40293303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27137","display_name":"Electric power","level":3,"score":0.3228999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776422217","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13629441","display_name":"Electric vehicle","level":3,"score":0.3215000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.3188999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117251300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1849855","display_name":"Parametric statistics","level":2,"score":0.3154999911785126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.3118000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206815995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1341307","display_name":"Energy flow","level":3,"score":0.303600013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.2847999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.2784000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2768000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41045048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202843","display_name":"Linear programming","level":2,"score":0.2671000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.266400009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.26170000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.258899986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181361822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q556030","display_name":"Power-flow study","level":4,"score":0.25760000944137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.2529999911785126}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2601.21651","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2601.21651","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2601.21651","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2601.21651","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,66,106],"growing":[1],"electrification":[2],"of":[3,126,155,160,171,177],"transportation":[4],"and":[5,11,18,72,85,131,142,168],"heating":[6],"through":[7],"Electric":[8],"Vehicles":[9],"(EVs)":[10],"Heat":[12],"Pumps":[13],"(HPs)":[14],"introduces":[15],"both":[16],"flexibility":[17,30],"complexity":[19],"to":[20],"Active":[21],"Distribution":[22],"Networks":[23],"(ADNs).":[24],"These":[25],"resources":[26],"provide":[27],"substantial":[28],"operational":[29],"but":[31],"also":[32],"create":[33],"tightly":[34],"coupled":[35],"thermal-electrical":[36,179],"dynamics":[37],"that":[38,50,136],"challenge":[39],"conventional":[40],"network":[41,111],"management.":[42],"This":[43],"paper":[44],"proposes":[45],"a":[46,52,60,102],"unified":[47],"co-optimization":[48],"framework":[49,67],"integrates":[51],"calibrated":[53],"3R2C":[54],"grey-box":[55],"building":[56],"thermal":[57,78],"model":[58],"into":[59],"network-constrained":[61],"Optimal":[62],"Power":[63],"Flow":[64],"(OPF).":[65],"jointly":[68],"optimizes":[69],"EVs,":[70],"HPs,":[71],"photovoltaic":[73],"systems":[74],"while":[75],"explicitly":[76],"enforcing":[77],"comfort,":[79],"Distributed":[80],"Energy":[81],"Resource":[82],"(DER)":[83],"limits,":[84],"full":[86],"power":[87],"flow":[88,133],"physics.":[89],"To":[90],"maintain":[91],"computational":[92],"tractability,":[93],"Second-Order":[94],"Cone":[95],"Programming":[96],"(SOCP)":[97],"relaxations":[98],"are":[99],"evaluated":[100],"on":[101],"realistic":[103],"low-voltage":[104],"feeder.":[105],"analysis":[107],"shows":[108],"that,":[109],"despite":[110],"heterogeneity":[112],"violating":[113],"some":[114],"theoretical":[115],"exactness":[116],"conditions,":[117],"the":[118,153,175],"relaxation":[119],"remains":[120],"exact":[121],"in":[122,162,166,181],"practice.":[123],"Comparative":[124],"assessments":[125],"convex":[127,137],"DistFlow,":[128],"bus":[129],"injection,":[130],"branch":[132],"formulations":[134],"reveal":[135],"DistFlow":[138],"achieves":[139],"sub-second":[140],"runtimes":[141],"near-optimal":[143],"performance":[144],"even":[145],"at":[146],"high":[147],"DER":[148],"penetration":[149],"levels.":[150],"Simulations":[151],"confirm":[152],"effectiveness":[154],"coordinated":[156],"scheduling,":[157],"yielding":[158],"reductions":[159],"41%":[161],"transformer":[163],"aging,":[164],"54%":[165],"losses,":[167],"complete":[169],"elimination":[170],"voltage":[172],"violations,":[173],"demonstrating":[174],"value":[176],"integrated":[178],"coordination":[180],"future":[182],"smart":[183],"grids.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-16T07:02:28.622633","created_date":"2026-02-01T00:00:00"}
