{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7126158509","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2601.21066","title":"BadDet+: Robust Backdoor Attacks for Object Detection","display_name":"BadDet+: Robust Backdoor Attacks for Object Detection","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7126158509","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2601.21066"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2601.21066","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124339635","display_name":"Kealan Dunnett","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dunnett, Kealan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123019025","display_name":"Reza Arablouei","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arablouei, Reza","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059620284","display_name":"Dimity Miller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6312-8325"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miller, Dimity","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021870070","display_name":"Volkan Dedeoglu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2567-2423"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dedeoglu, Volkan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122391835","display_name":"Raja Jurdak","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jurdak, Raja","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5124339635"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.987500011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.987500011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.00279999990016222,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backdoor","display_name":"Backdoor","score":0.9585000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.6234999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.5896000266075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4805999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.3937999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.37929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3156000077724457}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781045450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254569","display_name":"Backdoor","level":2,"score":0.9585000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7099000215530396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.6234999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.5896000266075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5726000070571899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4805999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4674000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.3937999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.37929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3440000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3156000077724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.31450000405311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100776233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2532492","display_name":"Bridge (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.3070000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.30640000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.30410000681877136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.3037000000476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.3000999987125397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.2906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2164484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5170150","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","level":2,"score":0.2671999931335449}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2601.21066","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2601.21066","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2601.21066","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2601.21066","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Backdoor":[0],"attacks":[1,23,127],"pose":[2],"a":[3,42,54,72,121],"severe":[4],"threat":[5],"to":[6,19,75,103],"deep":[7],"learning,":[8],"yet":[9],"their":[10,36],"impact":[11],"on":[12,38],"object":[13,138],"detection":[14,139],"remains":[15],"poorly":[16],"understood":[17],"compared":[18,102],"image":[20],"classification.":[21],"While":[22],"have":[24],"been":[25],"proposed,":[26],"we":[27,51],"identify":[28],"critical":[29],"weaknesses":[30],"in":[31,83,137],"existing":[32,104],"detection-based":[33],"methods,":[34],"specifically":[35],"reliance":[37],"unrealistic":[39],"assumptions":[40],"and":[41,63,86,89,106,140],"lack":[43],"of":[44],"physical":[45,92],"validation.":[46],"To":[47],"bridge":[48],"this":[49],"gap,":[50],"introduce":[52],"BadDet+,":[53],"penalty-based":[55],"framework":[56],"that":[57],"unifies":[58],"Region":[59],"Misclassification":[60],"Attacks":[61,66],"(RMA)":[62],"Object":[64],"Disappearance":[65],"(ODA).":[67],"The":[68],"core":[69],"mechanism":[70],"utilizes":[71],"log-barrier":[73],"penalty":[74,118],"suppress":[76],"true-class":[77],"predictions":[78],"for":[79,143],"triggered":[80],"inputs,":[81],"resulting":[82],"(i)":[84],"position":[85],"scale":[87],"invariance,":[88],"(ii)":[90],"enhanced":[91],"robustness.":[93],"On":[94],"real-world":[95],"benchmarks,":[96],"BadDet+":[97],"achieves":[98],"superior":[99],"synthetic-to-physical":[100],"transfer":[101],"RMA":[105],"ODA":[107],"baselines":[108],"while":[109],"preserving":[110],"clean":[111],"performance.":[112],"Theoretical":[113],"analysis":[114],"confirms":[115],"the":[116,141],"proposed":[117],"acts":[119],"within":[120],"trigger-specific":[122],"feature":[123],"subspace,":[124],"reliably":[125],"inducing":[126],"without":[128],"degrading":[129],"standard":[130],"inference.":[131],"These":[132],"results":[133],"highlight":[134],"significant":[135],"vulnerabilities":[136],"necessity":[142],"specialized":[144],"defenses.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2026-02-01T00:00:00"}