{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7125114437","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2601.13122","title":"Responsible AI for General-Purpose Systems: Overview, Challenges, and A Path Forward","display_name":"Responsible AI for General-Purpose Systems: Overview, Challenges, and A Path Forward","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7125114437","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2601.13122"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2601.13122","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2601.13122","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2601.13122","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019843700","display_name":"Gourab K Patro","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Patro, Gourab K","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120909589","display_name":"Himanshi Agrawal","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Agrawal, Himanshi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093874265","display_name":"Himanshu Gharat","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gharat, Himanshu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123538906","display_name":"Supriya Panigrahi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Panigrahi, Supriya","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014292649","display_name":"Nim Tshering Sherpa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7420-4140"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sherpa, Nim","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123519898","display_name":"Vishal Vaddina","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vaddina, Vishal","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123487138","display_name":"Dagnachew Birru","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Birru, Dagnachew","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019843700"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.51910001039505,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.51910001039505,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.2980000078678131,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.06650000065565109,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/debugging","display_name":"Debugging","score":0.7836999893188477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path","display_name":"Path (computing)","score":0.5092999935150146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constant","display_name":"Constant (computer programming)","score":0.44940000772476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.4458000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.3515999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automated-reasoning","display_name":"Automated reasoning","score":0.3319000005722046}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168065819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845566","display_name":"Debugging","level":2,"score":0.7836999893188477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7703999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5415999889373779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5092999935150146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777027219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1284190","display_name":"Constant (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.44940000772476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.4458000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.3515999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195344581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2555318","display_name":"Automated reasoning","level":2,"score":0.3319000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.32350000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983448237","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1078276","display_name":"Language understanding","level":2,"score":0.3043000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.275299996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157170001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4781507","display_name":"Applications of artificial intelligence","level":2,"score":0.26829999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.2644999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778029271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421931","display_name":"Extension (predicate logic)","level":2,"score":0.25429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.25279998779296875}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2601.13122","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2601.13122","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2601.13122","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2601.13122","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Modern":[0],"general-purpose":[1,68,120,146,165,197],"AI":[2,69,75,121,132,166,174,198],"systems":[3],"made":[4,38],"using":[5],"large":[6],"language":[7,33],"and":[8,24,29,51,64,85,87,96,134,168,213],"vision":[9],"models,":[10],"are":[11,46,91],"capable":[12],"of":[13,17,66,114,119,129,186,194],"performing":[14],"a":[15,137,215],"range":[16],"tasks":[18],"like":[19,48],"writing":[20],"text":[21],"articles,":[22],"generating":[23],"debugging":[25],"codes,":[26],"querying":[27],"databases,":[28],"translating":[30],"from":[31],"one":[32,183],"to":[34,109,139,143,158,219,224],"another,":[35],"which":[36],"has":[37],"them":[39,58],"quite":[40],"popular":[41],"across":[42],"industries.":[43],"However,":[44],"there":[45,135],"risks":[47,63],"hallucinations,":[49],"toxicity,":[50],"stereotypes":[52],"in":[53,99,116,173],"their":[54],"output":[55,117],"that":[56,105,191],"make":[57],"untrustworthy.":[59],"We":[60,103,189],"review":[61],"various":[62,222],"vulnerabilities":[65],"modern":[67],"along":[70,182,210],"eight":[71],"widely":[72],"accepted":[73],"responsible":[74,196],"(RAI)":[76],"principles":[77],"(fairness,":[78],"privacy,":[79],"explainability,":[80],"robustness,":[81],"safety,":[82],"truthfulness,":[83],"governance,":[84],"sustainability)":[86],"compare":[88],"how":[89,170],"they":[90],"non-existent":[92],"or":[93,126,184,206],"less":[94],"severe":[95],"easily":[97],"mitigable":[98],"traditional":[100,130],"task-specific":[101,131],"counterparts.":[102],"argue":[104],"this":[106],"is":[107,136],"due":[108],"the":[110,123,160,187,192,226],"non-deterministically":[111],"high":[112],"Degree":[113],"Freedom":[115],"(DoFo)":[118],"(unlike":[122],"deterministically":[124],"constant":[125],"low":[127],"DoFo":[128],"systems),":[133],"need":[138],"rethink":[140],"our":[141],"approach":[142,218],"RAI":[144,161,208],"for":[145,163],"AI.":[147],"Following":[148],"this,":[149],"we":[150],"derive":[151],"C2V2":[152,211],"(Control,":[153],"Consistency,":[154],"Value,":[155],"Veracity)":[156],"desiderata":[157],"meet":[159,225],"requirements":[162,209],"future":[164],"systems,":[167],"discuss":[169],"recent":[171],"efforts":[172],"alignment,":[175],"retrieval-augmented":[176],"generation,":[177],"reasoning":[178],"enhancements,":[179],"etc.":[180],"fare":[181],"more":[185],"desiderata.":[188,227],"believe":[190],"goal":[193],"developing":[195],"can":[199],"be":[200],"achieved":[201],"by":[202],"formally":[203],"modeling":[204],"application-":[205],"domain-dependent":[207],"dimensions,":[212],"taking":[214],"system":[216],"design":[217],"suitably":[220],"combine":[221],"techniques":[223]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-01-22T23:33:04.759266","created_date":"2026-01-22T00:00:00"}
