{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7118311495","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2601.00219","title":"\u03bcACP: A Formal Calculus for Expressive, Resource-Constrained Agent Communication","display_name":"\u03bcACP: A Formal Calculus for Expressive, Resource-Constrained Agent Communication","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7118311495","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2601.00219"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2601.00219","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2601.00219","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2601.00219","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122054749","display_name":"Arnab Mallick","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mallick, Arnab","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5095768659","display_name":"Indraveni Chebolu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chebolu, Indraveni","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5122054749"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.24310000240802765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.24310000240802765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10456","display_name":"Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation","score":0.20600000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.15160000324249268,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liveness","display_name":"Liveness","score":0.8702999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-protocol","display_name":"Communications protocol","score":0.4327000081539154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-methods","display_name":"Formal methods","score":0.40299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constructive","display_name":"Constructive","score":0.38589999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encode","display_name":"ENCODE","score":0.3822999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-verification","display_name":"Formal verification","score":0.35850000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-checking","display_name":"Model checking","score":0.33629998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.3190999925136566}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15569618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3561421","display_name":"Liveness","level":2,"score":0.8702999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7760999798774719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.5020999908447266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12269588","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132364","display_name":"Communications protocol","level":2,"score":0.4327000081539154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75606506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049183","display_name":"Formal methods","level":2,"score":0.40299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778701210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28130034","display_name":"Constructive","level":3,"score":0.38589999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66746571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134833","display_name":"ENCODE","level":3,"score":0.3822999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111498074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173326","display_name":"Formal verification","level":2,"score":0.35850000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110251889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1569697","display_name":"Model checking","level":2,"score":0.33629998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.3190999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206880738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431667","display_name":"Automated theorem proving","level":2,"score":0.3098999857902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.30809998512268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116253237","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437424","display_name":"Formal specification","level":2,"score":0.2962999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165751822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7894118","display_name":"Universal composability","level":4,"score":0.2957000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.29269999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151319957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752739","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","level":2,"score":0.2922999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161771561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1970286","display_name":"Process calculus","level":2,"score":0.2903999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203265346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11387554","display_name":"Proof assistant","level":3,"score":0.27889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108710211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11538","display_name":"Mathematical proof","level":2,"score":0.27309998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.2646999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.262800008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41550386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q529909","display_name":"Multi-agent system","level":2,"score":0.259799987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6489637","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7250002","display_name":"Proof calculus","level":3,"score":0.25859999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.2558000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.2529999911785126}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2601.00219","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2601.00219","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2601.00219","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2601.00219","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Agent":[0,52],"communication":[1,43],"remains":[2],"a":[3,37,58,97,130,158,169],"foundational":[4],"problem":[5],"in":[6,106],"multi-agent":[7,178],"systems:":[8],"protocols":[9,25,149],"such":[10],"as":[11],"FIPA-ACL":[12],"guarantee":[13],"semantic":[14,163],"richness":[15],"but":[16],"are":[17],"intractable":[18],"for":[19,40,101,172],"constrained":[20],"environments,":[21],"while":[22],"lightweight":[23],"IoT":[24,148],"achieve":[26],"efficiency":[27],"at":[28,142],"the":[29,50,173],"expense":[30],"of":[31,135,176],"expressiveness.":[32],"This":[33],"paper":[34],"presents":[35],"$\u03bc$ACP,":[36],"formal":[38],"calculus":[39,160],"expressive":[41],"agent":[42,146],"under":[44,90,121,150],"explicit":[45],"resource":[46,152],"bounds.":[47],"We":[48,81],"formalize":[49],"Resource-Constrained":[51],"Communication":[53],"(RCAC)":[54],"model,":[55],"prove":[56],"that":[57,84,161],"minimal":[59],"four-verb":[60],"basis":[61],"\\textit{\\{PING,":[62],"TELL,":[63],"ASK,":[64],"OBSERVE\\}}":[65],"is":[66,157],"suffices":[67],"to":[68],"encode":[69],"finite-state":[70],"FIPA":[71],"protocols,":[72],"and":[73,93,110,116,118,147],"establish":[74],"tight":[75],"information-theoretic":[76],"bounds":[77],"on":[78],"message":[79,133],"complexity.":[80],"further":[82],"show":[83],"$\u03bc$ACP":[85],"can":[86],"implement":[87],"standard":[88],"consensus":[89],"partial":[91],"synchrony":[92],"crash":[94],"faults,":[95],"yielding":[96],"constructive":[98],"coordination":[99],"framework":[100],"edge-native":[102],"agents.":[103],"Formal":[104],"verification":[105],"TLA$^{+}$":[107],"(model":[108],"checking)":[109],"Coq":[111],"(mechanized":[112],"invariants)":[113],"establishes":[114],"safety":[115],"boundedness,":[117],"supports":[119],"liveness":[120],"modeled":[122],"assumptions.":[123],"Large-scale":[124],"system":[125],"simulations":[126],"confirm":[127],"ACP":[128],"achieves":[129],"median":[131],"end-to-end":[132],"latency":[134],"34":[136],"ms":[137],"(95th":[138],"percentile":[139],"104":[140],"ms)":[141],"scale,":[143],"outperforming":[144],"prior":[145],"severe":[151],"constraints.":[153],"The":[154],"main":[155],"contribution":[156],"unified":[159],"reconciles":[162],"expressiveness":[164],"with":[165],"provable":[166],"efficiency,":[167],"providing":[168],"rigorous":[170],"foundation":[171],"next":[174],"generation":[175],"resource-constrained":[177],"systems.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-01-08T20:10:11.968330","created_date":"2026-01-08T00:00:00"}
