{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4417459291","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2512.13496","title":"Identification of Technical Design Constraints and Considerations for Transmission Grid Expansion Planning Projects","display_name":"Identification of Technical Design Constraints and Considerations for Transmission Grid Expansion Planning Projects","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4417459291","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2512.13496"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2512.13496","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2512.13496","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2512.13496","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918464","display_name":"ArXiv.org","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2512.13496","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027069605","display_name":"Giacomo Bastianel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3751-5027"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bastianel, Giacomo","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103241996","display_name":"C.J. Hardy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6009-8093"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hardy, Clement","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120843948","display_name":"Nils Charels","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charels, Nils","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018842792","display_name":"Dirk Van Hertem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5461-8891"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Van Hertem, Dirk","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052009349","display_name":"Hakan Ergun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5171-1986"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ergun, Hakan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027069605"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10424","display_name":"Electric Power System Optimization","score":0.23000000417232513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10424","display_name":"Electric Power System Optimization","score":0.23000000417232513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12804","display_name":"Thermal Analysis in Power Transmission","score":0.1931000053882599,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11102","display_name":"HVDC Systems and Fault Protection","score":0.1597999930381775,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.6222000122070312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.6189000010490417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5835999846458435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.560699999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.5407000184059143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5216000080108643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/failure-mode-effects-and-criticality-analysis","display_name":"Failure mode, effects, and criticality analysis","score":0.4456000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.4415999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-transmission","display_name":"Power transmission","score":0.4311000108718872}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.6222000122070312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6189000010490417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5835999846458435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.560699999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5490999817848206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.5407000184059143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5216000080108643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30098461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909342","display_name":"Failure mode, effects, and criticality analysis","level":3,"score":0.4456000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.4415999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92018576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3242194","display_name":"Power transmission","level":3,"score":0.4311000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.4154999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778834244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5377181","display_name":"Energy planning","level":3,"score":0.3971000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.37380000948905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.3668999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.36550000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125611927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17008131","display_name":"Criticality","level":2,"score":0.35679998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.3555999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3555000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.3416000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34972735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920267","display_name":"Engineering design process","level":2,"score":0.33399999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113608303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056835","display_name":"Transmission system","level":3,"score":0.32919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17020691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139677","display_name":"Operator (biology)","level":5,"score":0.3158000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114563136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19725982","display_name":"Network planning and design","level":2,"score":0.3158000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146733006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676081","display_name":"Electricity market","level":3,"score":0.29829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.29739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140311924","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200928","display_name":"Electric power transmission","level":2,"score":0.2872999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776849302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1239166","display_name":"Energy market","level":3,"score":0.2847999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983254600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096907","display_name":"Power grid","level":3,"score":0.2786000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11105738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1895805","display_name":"Multiple-criteria decision analysis","level":2,"score":0.27799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.2590999901294708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775941552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25212305","display_name":"Isolation (microbiology)","level":2,"score":0.25589999556541443}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2512.13496","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2512.13496","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2512.13496","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918464","display_name":"ArXiv.org","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2512.13496","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2512.13496","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2512.13496","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2512.13496","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2512.13496","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918464","display_name":"ArXiv.org","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4417459291.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,167],"large-scale":[1,11],"deployment":[2],"of":[3,32,71,85,113,119,140,149],"renewable":[4],"energy":[5,80],"sources,":[6],"particularly":[7],"offshore":[8],"wind,":[9],"requires":[10],"transmission":[12,72,201],"grid":[13,73,202],"expansion":[14,74,203],"projects":[15,35],"to":[16,22,68,188],"transmit":[17],"the":[18,23,28,60,69,141,170],"produced":[19],"low-carbon":[20],"power":[21],"main":[24,61,162],"demand":[25],"centers.":[26],"However,":[27],"planning":[29,70,192],"and":[30,40,58,65,76,97,105,109,122,129,144,164,182],"design":[31,63,127],"such":[33,50,133],"complex":[34],"currently":[36],"lack":[37],"a":[38,137,185,190],"transparent":[39,191],"systematic":[41],"process":[42],"that":[43],"system":[44,180],"operators":[45,181],"can":[46],"follow":[47],"when":[48],"considering":[49],"investments":[51,199],"in":[52,117,200],"their":[53],"grids.":[54],"This":[55],"paper":[56],"identifies":[57],"classifies":[59],"technical":[62,121,126],"constraints":[64,128,143],"considerations":[66,130,145],"relevant":[67],"projects,":[75],"more":[77],"specifically,":[78],"electrical":[79],"hubs.":[81],"Seven":[82],"key":[83,165],"areas":[84,148,172],"interest":[86,114],"are":[87,173],"identified,":[88],"namely":[89,159],"network":[90],"integration,":[91],"HVDC":[92],"technologies,":[93],"costs":[94],"(CAPEX,":[95],"OPEX,":[96],"space":[98],"requirements),":[99],"electricity":[100],"market":[101],"design,":[102],"future":[103],"proofness":[104],"modular":[106],"expandability,":[107],"reliability-availability-maintainability,":[108],"sustainability.":[110],"Each":[111],"area":[112],"is":[115,151],"analyzed":[116],"terms":[118],"its":[120],"operational":[123],"relevance,":[124],"with":[125,184,194],"derived":[131],"from":[132],"analysis.":[134],"In":[135],"addition,":[136],"hierarchical":[138],"classification":[139],"identified":[142],"(and":[146],"therefore":[147],"interest)":[150],"introduced,":[152],"distinguishing":[153],"them":[154],"between":[155,169],"three":[156],"criticality":[157],"classes,":[158],"hard":[160],"constraints,":[161],"drivers,":[163],"considerations.":[166],"dependencies":[168],"different":[171],"discussed,":[174],"too.":[175],"Therefore,":[176],"this":[177],"work":[178],"provides":[179],"policymakers":[183],"structured":[186],"basis":[187],"support":[189],"methodology":[193],"clear":[195],"decision":[196],"hierarchies":[197],"for":[198],"projects.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-11T14:59:36.786465","created_date":"2025-12-17T00:00:00"}