{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4417293457","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2512.09938","title":"Blockchain-Anchored Audit Trail Model for Transparent Inter-Operator Settlement","display_name":"Blockchain-Anchored Audit Trail Model for Transparent Inter-Operator Settlement","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4417293457","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2512.09938"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2512.09938","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2512.09938","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2512.09938","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2512.09938","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120791182","display_name":"Balakumar Ravindranath Kunthu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kunthu, Balakumar Ravindranath","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119937787","display_name":"Ranganath Nagesh Taware","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taware, Ranganath Nagesh","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119741750","display_name":"Sathish Krishna Anumula","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anumula, Sathish Krishna","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.753600001335144,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.753600001335144,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14064","display_name":"Organizational and Employee Performance","score":0.011500000022351742,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11995","display_name":"FinTech, Crowdfunding, Digital Finance","score":0.009800000116229057,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/settlement","display_name":"Settlement (finance)","score":0.7386999726295471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/audit","display_name":"Audit","score":0.6434999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database-transaction","display_name":"Database transaction","score":0.5892000198364258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/investment","display_name":"Investment (military)","score":0.447299987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transaction-cost","display_name":"Transaction cost","score":0.38370001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intermediary","display_name":"Intermediary","score":0.37880000472068787}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777063073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1553237","display_name":"Settlement (finance)","level":3,"score":0.7386999726295471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199521495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181487","display_name":"Audit","level":2,"score":0.6434999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5895000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75949130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848010","display_name":"Database transaction","level":2,"score":0.5892000198364258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.4738999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27548731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272","display_name":"Investment (military)","level":3,"score":0.447299987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.3977000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98965940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q877496","display_name":"Transaction cost","level":2,"score":0.38370001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139569457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1666223","display_name":"Intermediary","level":2,"score":0.37880000472068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.3409999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.29319998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779777834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4202277","display_name":"Enforcement","level":2,"score":0.2709999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.2653999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2614000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.26109999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139043278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837171","display_name":"Financial services","level":2,"score":0.258899986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.2547000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144559511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2986279","display_name":"Principal (computer security)","level":2,"score":0.2515000104904175}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2512.09938","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2512.09938","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2512.09938","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2512.09938","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2512.09938","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2512.09938","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2512.09938","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2512.09938","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,67,152],"telecommunications":[1],"and":[2,21,32,63,76,104,119,161],"financial":[3],"services":[4],"industries":[5],"face":[6],"substantial":[7],"challenges":[8],"in":[9,36,92,135],"inter-operator":[10,65],"settlement":[11,26,37,95,124],"processes,":[12],"characterized":[13],"by":[14,116,140],"extended":[15],"reconciliation":[16],"cycles,":[17],"high":[18],"transaction":[19,84,93],"costs,":[20],"limited":[22],"real-time":[23],"transparency.":[24],"Traditional":[25],"mechanisms":[27],"rely":[28],"on":[29],"multiple":[30,165],"intermediaries":[31],"manual":[33,114],"procedures,":[34],"resulting":[35],"periods":[38],"exceeding":[39],"120":[40,99],"days":[41,100],"with":[42,143],"operational":[43],"costs":[44],"consuming":[45],"approximately":[46],"5":[47],"percent":[48,90,106,118,122,134,139],"of":[49,123],"total":[50],"revenue.":[51],"This":[52],"research":[53],"presents":[54],"a":[55,81],"blockchain-anchored":[56],"audit":[57,107],"trail":[58,108],"model":[59],"enabling":[60],"transparent,":[61],"immutable,":[62],"automated":[64],"settlement.":[66],"framework":[68,153],"leverages":[69],"distributed":[70],"ledger":[71],"technology,":[72],"smart":[73],"contract":[74,111],"automation,":[75],"cryptographic":[77],"verification":[78],"to":[79,101,137],"establish":[80],"unified,":[82],"tamper-proof":[83],"record.":[85],"Empirical":[86],"evaluation":[87],"demonstrates":[88],"87":[89],"reduction":[91],"fees,":[94],"cycle":[96],"compression":[97],"from":[98,132],"3":[102],"minutes,":[103],"100":[105],"integrity.":[109],"Smart":[110],"automation":[112],"reduces":[113],"intervention":[115],"92":[117],"eliminates":[120],"88":[121],"disputes.":[125],"Market":[126],"analysis":[127],"indicates":[128],"institutional":[129],"adoption":[130],"accelerated":[131],"8":[133],"2020":[136],"52":[138],"April":[141],"2024,":[142],"projected":[144],"industry":[145],"investment":[146],"reaching":[147],"9.2":[148],"billion":[149],"USD":[150],"annually.":[151],"addresses":[154],"scalability":[155],"(12,000":[156],"transactions":[157],"per":[158],"second),":[159],"interoperability,":[160],"regulatory":[162],"compliance":[163],"across":[164],"jurisdictions.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-03T08:13:44.112507","created_date":"2025-12-13T00:00:00"}