{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4417143297","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2512.05703","title":"Metronome: Differentiated Delay Scheduling for Serverless Functions","display_name":"Metronome: Differentiated Delay Scheduling for Serverless Functions","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4417143297","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2512.05703"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2512.05703","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2512.05703","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2512.05703","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918464","display_name":"ArXiv.org","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2512.05703","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090114918","display_name":"Zhuangbin Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3686-8029"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chen, Zhuangbin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089279497","display_name":"Jiehui Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4928-6524"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng, Juzheng","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012731436","display_name":"Zibin Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7872-7718"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng, Zibin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090114918"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.8220000267028809,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.8220000267028809,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.052799999713897705,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.041600000113248825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/locality","display_name":"Locality","score":0.7821999788284302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.6715999841690063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.5418999791145325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-priority-scheduling","display_name":"Dynamic priority scheduling","score":0.44999998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concurrency","display_name":"Concurrency","score":0.4187999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fair-share-scheduling","display_name":"Fair-share scheduling","score":0.3840999901294708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-cluster","display_name":"Computer cluster","score":0.35839998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metronome","display_name":"Metronome","score":0.34689998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/job-shop-scheduling","display_name":"Job shop scheduling","score":0.34060001373291016}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.859499990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779808786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6664603","display_name":"Locality","level":2,"score":0.7821999788284302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.6904000043869019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.6715999841690063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.5418999791145325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107568181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5319000","display_name":"Dynamic priority scheduling","level":3,"score":0.44999998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193702766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414548","display_name":"Concurrency","level":2,"score":0.4187999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31689143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q733809","display_name":"Fair-share scheduling","level":3,"score":0.3840999901294708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29140674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206637","display_name":"Computer cluster","level":2,"score":0.35839998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3474000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100533687","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156424","display_name":"Metronome","level":3,"score":0.34689998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55416958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6206757","display_name":"Job shop scheduling","level":3,"score":0.34060001373291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19012869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q578372","display_name":"Response time","level":2,"score":0.32600000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27602214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1868547","display_name":"Locality of reference","level":3,"score":0.3188999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127456818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q238879","display_name":"Rate-monotonic scheduling","level":4,"score":0.3041999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32310161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q666365","display_name":"Earliest deadline first scheduling","level":5,"score":0.2888999879360199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175893541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196582","display_name":"Round-robin scheduling","level":4,"score":0.2888999879360199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.28610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164866538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367351","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","level":2,"score":0.2759000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984822820","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1123036","display_name":"Processor scheduling","level":3,"score":0.2635999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119948110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7858726","display_name":"Two-level scheduling","level":4,"score":0.2583000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.25690001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75684735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810","display_name":"Big data","level":2,"score":0.2542000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84511453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2914952","display_name":"Concurrency control","level":3,"score":0.25220000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.2517000138759613}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2512.05703","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2512.05703","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2512.05703","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918464","display_name":"ArXiv.org","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2512.05703","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2512.05703","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2512.05703","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2512.05703","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2512.05703","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918464","display_name":"ArXiv.org","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Function-as-a-Service":[0],"(FaaS)":[1],"computing":[2,7,39,83,91],"is":[3],"an":[4,137],"emerging":[5],"cloud":[6],"paradigm":[8],"for":[9,17,132,176],"its":[10,44],"ease-of-management":[11],"and":[12,26,65,97,100,186],"elasticity.":[13],"However,":[14],"optimizing":[15],"scheduling":[16,60,72,121],"serverless":[18,47,63,82],"functions":[19],"remains":[20,49],"challenging":[21],"due":[22],"to":[23,127,143],"their":[24],"dynamic":[25],"event-driven":[27],"nature.":[28],"While":[29],"data":[30,95],"locality":[31,87,96],"has":[32],"been":[33],"proven":[34],"effective":[35],"in":[36,46,62,172],"traditional":[37],"cluster":[38,90],"systems":[40],"through":[41],"delay":[42,59,71,108,120,153],"scheduling,":[43],"application":[45],"platforms":[48],"largely":[50],"unexplored.":[51],"In":[52],"this":[53],"paper,":[54],"we":[55,115],"systematically":[56],"evaluate":[57],"existing":[58],"methods":[61],"environments":[64],"identify":[66,128],"three":[67],"key":[68],"observations:":[69],"1)":[70],"benefits":[73],"vary":[74],"significantly":[75,166],"based":[76],"on":[77,112,161],"function":[78,103,145],"input":[79],"characteristics;":[80],"2)":[81],"exhibits":[84],"more":[85],"complex":[86],"patterns":[88],"than":[89],"systems,":[92],"encompassing":[93],"both":[94],"infrastructure":[98],"locality;":[99],"3)":[101],"heterogeneous":[102],"execution":[104,146,174],"times":[105,147],"make":[106],"rule-based":[107],"thresholds":[109],"ineffective.":[110],"Based":[111],"these":[113],"insights,":[114],"propose":[116],"Metronome,":[117],"a":[118],"differentiated":[119],"framework":[122],"that":[123,164],"employs":[124],"predictive":[125],"mechanisms":[126],"optimal":[129],"locality-aware":[130],"nodes":[131],"individual":[133],"functions.":[134],"Metronome":[135,165],"leverages":[136],"online":[138],"Random":[139],"Forest":[140],"Regression":[141],"model":[142],"forecast":[144],"across":[148],"various":[149],"nodes,":[150],"enabling":[151],"informed":[152],"decisions":[154],"while":[155,178],"preventing":[156],"SLA":[157,188],"violations.":[158],"Our":[159],"implementation":[160],"OpenLambda":[162],"shows":[163],"outperforms":[167],"baselines,":[168],"achieving":[169],"64.88%-95.83%":[170],"reduction":[171],"mean":[173],"time":[175],"functions,":[177],"maintaining":[179],"performance":[180],"advantages":[181],"under":[182],"increased":[183],"concurrency":[184],"levels":[185],"ensuring":[187],"compliance.":[189]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-07T16:01:11.037858","created_date":"2025-12-09T00:00:00"}
