{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416549991","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2511.15774","title":"Disagreement is Disappearing on U.S. Cable Debate Shows","display_name":"Disagreement is Disappearing on U.S. Cable Debate Shows","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416549991","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2511.15774"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2511.15774","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2511.15774","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2511.15774","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918464","display_name":"ArXiv.org","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2511.15774","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102836237","display_name":"S M Mehedi Zaman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7841-3962"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zaman, S M Mehedi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120661443","display_name":"Kiran Garimella","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Garimella, Kiran","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102836237"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13718","display_name":"Media Influence and Politics","score":0.28279998898506165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13718","display_name":"Media Influence and Politics","score":0.28279998898506165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.1875,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10557","display_name":"Social Media and Politics","score":0.1306000053882599,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct","display_name":"Construct (python library)","score":0.6951000094413757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-opinion","display_name":"Public opinion","score":0.6855999827384949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/politics","display_name":"Politics","score":0.661899983882904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.510200023651123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immigration","display_name":"Immigration","score":0.49480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motivated-reasoning","display_name":"Motivated reasoning","score":0.49149999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gun-control","display_name":"Gun control","score":0.37220001220703125}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.6951000094413757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134698397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17946","display_name":"Public opinion","level":3,"score":0.6855999827384949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.661899983882904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.510200023651123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70036468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131288","display_name":"Immigration","level":2,"score":0.49480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776325391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6917865","display_name":"Motivated reasoning","level":3,"score":0.49149999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.4763000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.46860000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.38909998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.3804999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780534388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1328508","display_name":"Gun control","level":2,"score":0.37220001220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118084267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26110","display_name":"Positive economics","level":1,"score":0.3334999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.3109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3012999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.2944999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779017109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745818","display_name":"Prime time","level":2,"score":0.29429998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993014495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17946","display_name":"Popular opinion","level":2,"score":0.29319998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522562087","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330963","display_name":"Politics of the United States","level":3,"score":0.2890999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29595303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165650","display_name":"Media studies","level":1,"score":0.287200003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.28540000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.2818000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.27720001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125308379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q363057","display_name":"Market segmentation","level":2,"score":0.26739999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779636406","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1596387","display_name":"Political psychology","level":3,"score":0.25839999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109986646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546113","display_name":"Public policy","level":2,"score":0.25360000133514404}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2511.15774","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2511.15774","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2511.15774","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918464","display_name":"ArXiv.org","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2511.15774","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2511.15774","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2511.15774","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2511.15774","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2511.15774","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918464","display_name":"ArXiv.org","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Prime-time":[0],"cable":[1,113],"news":[2],"programs":[3,58],"are":[4],"a":[5,33,81,145,162,214,249],"highly":[6],"influential":[7],"part":[8],"of":[9,20,29,93,95,107,156],"the":[10,103,154,194,208,222,244],"American":[11],"media":[12],"landscape,":[13],"with":[14,190],"top-rated":[15],"opinion":[16,114],"shows":[17,41,125,161,242],"attracting":[18],"millions":[19],"politically":[21],"attentive":[22],"viewers":[23],"each":[24],"night.":[25],"In":[26],"an":[27,217],"era":[28],"intense":[30],"political":[31],"polarization,":[32],"critical":[34],"question":[35],"is":[36,80,177,229],"whether":[37],"these":[38,57,78,241],"widely-watched":[39],"\"debate\"":[40,228],"foster":[42],"genuine":[43,232],"discussion":[44],"or":[45],"have":[46],"devolved":[47],"into":[48,136,236],"partisan":[49,178,239],"echo":[50],"chambers":[51],"that":[52,226],"deepen":[53],"societal":[54],"divides.":[55],"While":[56],"claim":[59],"to":[60,68],"air":[61],"competing":[62],"viewpoints,":[63],"no":[64],"large-scale":[65],"evidence":[66,225],"exists":[67],"quantify":[69],"how":[70],"often":[71],"hosts":[72],"and":[73,91,109,130,139,172,179,196,205,221],"guests":[74],"actually":[75],"disagree.":[76],"Measuring":[77],"exchanges":[79],"significant":[82],"challenge,":[83],"as":[84,201],"live":[85],"broadcasts":[86],"contain":[87],"overlapping":[88],"speakers,":[89],"sarcasm,":[90],"billions":[92],"words":[94],"text.":[96],"To":[97],"address":[98],"this":[99],"gap,":[100],"we":[101],"construct":[102],"first":[104,223],"speaker-resolved":[105],"map":[106],"agreement":[108],"disagreement":[110],"across":[111],"U.S.":[112],"programming.":[115],"Our":[116],"study":[117],"assembles":[118],"over":[119],"21,000":[120],"episodes":[121],"from":[122,132,231],"24":[123],"flagship":[124],"on":[126,158,184,188],"Fox":[127],"News,":[128],"MSNBC,":[129,189],"CNN":[131,191],"2010-2024,":[133],"segmenting":[134],"them":[135],"host-guest":[137],"turns":[138],"labeling":[140],"2.13":[141],"million":[142],"turn-pairs":[143],"using":[144],"high-fidelity":[146],"large-language-model":[147],"classifier.":[148],"We":[149],"present":[150],"three":[151],"findings:":[152],"(1)":[153],"proportion":[155],"disagreement/debate":[157],"prime":[159],"time":[160],"consistent":[163],"downward":[164],"trend,":[165],"dropping":[166],"by":[167],"roughly":[168],"one-third":[169],"between":[170],"2017":[171],"2024;":[173],"(2)":[174],"on-air":[175],"challenge":[176],"asymmetric--conservatives":[180],"seldom":[181,187],"face":[182],"push-back":[183],"Fox,":[185],"liberals":[186],"declining":[192],"toward":[193],"midpoint;":[195],"(3)":[197],"polarizing":[198],"issues":[199],"such":[200],"abortion,":[202],"gun":[203],"rights,":[204],"immigration":[206],"attract":[207],"least":[209],"disagreement.":[210],"The":[211],"work":[212],"contributes":[213],"public":[215],"corpus,":[216],"open-source":[218],"stance":[219],"pipeline,":[220],"longitudinal":[224],"televised":[227],"retreating":[230],"discussion.":[233],"By":[234],"transforming":[235],"platforms":[237],"for":[238,248],"affirmation,":[240],"erode":[243],"cross-cutting":[245],"cleavages":[246],"essential":[247],"pluralistic":[250],"society,":[251],"thereby":[252],"intensifying":[253],"affective":[254],"polarization.":[255]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-07T16:01:11.037858","created_date":"2025-11-23T00:00:00"}
