{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416383319","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2510.08146","title":"Think Just Enough: Sequence-Level Entropy as a Confidence Signal for LLM Reasoning","display_name":"Think Just Enough: Sequence-Level Entropy as a Confidence Signal for LLM Reasoning","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416383319","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2510.08146"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2510.08146","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2510.08146","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.08146","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918464","display_name":"ArXiv.org","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.08146","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062966435","display_name":"Aman Sharma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7122-1095"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sharma, Aman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Chopra, Paras","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chopra, Paras","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062966435"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.3068000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.3068000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.2222999930381775,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.08699999749660492,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.5752999782562256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-token","display_name":"Security token","score":0.5728999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reasoning-system","display_name":"Reasoning system","score":0.4765999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.42890000343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.4108999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-based-reasoning","display_name":"Model-based reasoning","score":0.39480000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commonsense-reasoning","display_name":"Commonsense reasoning","score":0.3774999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opportunistic-reasoning","display_name":"Opportunistic reasoning","score":0.3643999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principle-of-maximum-entropy","display_name":"Principle of maximum entropy","score":0.3447999954223633}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6776999831199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.5752999782562256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48145219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335365","display_name":"Security token","level":2,"score":0.5728999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5403000116348267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89288958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7301504","display_name":"Reasoning system","level":2,"score":0.4765999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.42890000343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.4108999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3961000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37335422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888134","display_name":"Model-based reasoning","level":3,"score":0.39480000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193221554","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5153664","display_name":"Commonsense reasoning","level":2,"score":0.3774999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86827895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098582","display_name":"Opportunistic reasoning","level":4,"score":0.3643999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9679016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1417473","display_name":"Principle of maximum entropy","level":2,"score":0.3447999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195344581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2555318","display_name":"Automated reasoning","level":2,"score":0.33869999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.3343000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159032336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2488768","display_name":"Non-monotonic logic","level":2,"score":0.31139999628067017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777508537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7936620","display_name":"Visual reasoning","level":2,"score":0.3070000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103057564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4751139","display_name":"Analytic reasoning","level":3,"score":0.2994000017642975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66024118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122506","display_name":"Computational model","level":2,"score":0.2976999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909755999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4751126","display_name":"Low Confidence","level":2,"score":0.2858999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83725634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268699","display_name":"Qualitative reasoning","level":2,"score":0.28439998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.2842000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44291984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Question answering","level":2,"score":0.2743000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36964233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7920942","display_name":"Verbal reasoning","level":3,"score":0.2671000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189950617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937228","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.2653999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183521366","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256422","display_name":"Psychology of reasoning","level":4,"score":0.2637999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97364631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484284","display_name":"Deductive reasoning","level":2,"score":0.2567000091075897}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2510.08146","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2510.08146","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.08146","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918464","display_name":"ArXiv.org","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2510.08146","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2510.08146","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2510.08146","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2510.08146","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.08146","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918464","display_name":"ArXiv.org","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416383319.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416383319.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,75],"introduce":[1],"a":[2,28,99,118,160],"simple,":[3],"yet":[4],"novel":[5],"entropy-based":[6,47],"framework":[7,139],"to":[8,31,81,87,132],"drive":[9],"token":[10],"efficiency":[11],"in":[12,59,66,94],"large":[13],"language":[14],"models":[15,62,71,112],"during":[16],"reasoning":[17,61,83,104,111,166],"tasks.":[18],"Our":[19,106],"approach":[20],"uses":[21],"Shannon":[22],"entropy":[23,79],"from":[24,85,102],"token-level":[25],"logprobs":[26],"as":[27],"confidence":[29,48,127,157],"signal":[30],"enable":[32],"early":[33,121],"stopping,":[34],"achieving":[35],"25-50%":[36,148],"computational":[37,149],"savings":[38],"while":[39,152],"maintaining":[40],"task":[41],"accuracy.":[42],"Crucially,":[43],"we":[44],"demonstrate":[45],"that":[46,77,109,115,124,156],"calibration":[49],"represents":[50],"an":[51],"emergent":[52,126],"property":[53],"of":[54,163],"advanced":[55,110],"post-training":[56],"optimization":[57],"present":[58],"modern":[60,164],"but":[63,89],"notably":[64],"absent":[65],"standard":[67],"instruction-tuned":[68],"and":[69,123,135],"pre-trained":[70],"(Llama":[72],"3.3":[73],"70B).":[74],"show":[76],"the":[78],"threshold":[80],"stop":[82],"varies":[84],"model":[86,88,145],"can":[90,129],"be":[91,130],"calculated":[92],"easily":[93],"one":[95],"shot":[96],"using":[97],"only":[98],"few":[100],"examples":[101],"existing":[103],"datasets.":[105],"results":[107],"indicate":[108],"often":[113],"know":[114],"they've":[116],"gotten":[117],"correct":[119],"answer":[120],"on,":[122],"this":[125],"awareness":[128],"exploited":[131],"save":[133],"tokens":[134],"reduce":[136],"latency.":[137],"The":[138],"demonstrates":[140],"consistent":[141],"performance":[142],"across":[143],"reasoning-optimized":[144],"families":[146],"with":[147],"cost":[150],"reduction":[151],"preserving":[153],"accuracy,":[154],"revealing":[155],"mechanisms":[158],"represent":[159],"distinguishing":[161],"characteristic":[162],"post-trained":[165],"systems":[167],"versus":[168],"their":[169],"predecessors.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2025-10-11T00:00:00"}