{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414972620","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2510.04871","title":"Less is More: Recursive Reasoning with Tiny Networks","display_name":"Less is More: Recursive Reasoning with Tiny Networks","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414972620","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2510.04871"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2510.04871","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2510.04871","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.04871","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.04871","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011012516","display_name":"Alexia Jolicoeur\u2010Martineau","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2169-4008"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jolicoeur-Martineau, Alexia","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011012516"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9728000164031982,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9728000164031982,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10456","display_name":"Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation","score":0.9276000261306763,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9192000031471252,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.7685999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.49779999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrent-neural-network","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","score":0.3416999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automated-reasoning","display_name":"Automated reasoning","score":0.30799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recursive-functions","display_name":"Recursive functions","score":0.27799999713897705}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.7685999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6424000263214111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.550599992275238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.49779999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3758000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147168706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1457734","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","level":3,"score":0.3416999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195344581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2555318","display_name":"Automated reasoning","level":2,"score":0.30799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.30219998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982939207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1175101","display_name":"Recursive functions","level":2,"score":0.27799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.27649998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89288958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7301504","display_name":"Reasoning system","level":2,"score":0.26489999890327454}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2510.04871","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2510.04871","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.04871","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2510.04871","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2510.04871","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2510.04871","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2510.04871","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.04871","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331257","display_name":"Alliance de recherche num\u00e9rique du Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/010r6td27"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4414972620.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hierarchical":[0],"Reasoning":[1],"Model":[2,75],"(HRM)":[3],"is":[4,62],"a":[5,77,92],"novel":[6],"approach":[7,82],"using":[8,91],"two":[9],"small":[10,39,44,58],"neural":[11],"networks":[12],"recursing":[13],"at":[14],"different":[15],"frequencies.":[16],"This":[17],"biologically":[18],"inspired":[19],"method":[20],"beats":[21],"Large":[22],"Language":[23],"models":[24,40],"(LLMs)":[25],"on":[26,43,108,112],"hard":[27,55],"puzzle":[28],"tasks":[29],"such":[30],"as":[31],"Sudoku,":[32],"Maze,":[33],"and":[34,67,110],"ARC-AGI":[35],"while":[36,90],"trained":[37],"with":[38,57,96,125],"(27M":[41],"parameters)":[42],"data":[45],"(around":[46],"1000":[47],"examples).":[48],"HRM":[49],"holds":[50],"great":[51],"promise":[52],"for":[53],"solving":[54],"problems":[56],"networks,":[59],"but":[60],"it":[61],"not":[63],"yet":[64],"well":[65],"understood":[66],"may":[68],"be":[69],"suboptimal.":[70],"We":[71],"propose":[72],"Tiny":[73],"Recursive":[74],"(TRM),":[76],"much":[78],"simpler":[79],"recursive":[80],"reasoning":[81],"that":[83],"achieves":[84],"significantly":[85],"higher":[86,114],"generalization":[87],"than":[88,115,127],"HRM,":[89],"single":[93],"tiny":[94],"network":[95],"only":[97,101],"2":[98],"layers.":[99],"With":[100],"7M":[102],"parameters,":[103],"TRM":[104],"obtains":[105],"45%":[106],"test-accuracy":[107],"ARC-AGI-1":[109],"8%":[111],"ARC-AGI-2,":[113],"most":[116],"LLMs":[117],"(e.g.,":[118],"Deepseek":[119],"R1,":[120],"o3-mini,":[121],"Gemini":[122],"2.5":[123],"Pro)":[124],"less":[126],"0.01%":[128],"of":[129],"the":[130],"parameters.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2025-10-09T00:00:00"}