{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4417262939","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2507.18882","title":"A Comprehensive Review of AI-based Intelligent Tutoring Systems: Applications and Challenges","display_name":"A Comprehensive Review of AI-based Intelligent Tutoring Systems: Applications and Challenges","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4417262939","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2507.18882"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2507.18882","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2507.18882","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.18882","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.18882","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074871414","display_name":"Meriem Zerkouk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6075-2306"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zerkouk, Meriem","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024217746","display_name":"Miloud Mihoubi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7892-0382"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mihoubi, Miloud","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004925367","display_name":"Belkacem Chikhaoui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5608-3488"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chikhaoui, Belkacem","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.9670000076293945,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.9670000076293945,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10636","display_name":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","score":0.004000000189989805,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.0027000000700354576,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rigour","display_name":"Rigour","score":0.4814000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systematic-review","display_name":"Systematic review","score":0.4196000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-tutoring-system","display_name":"Intelligent tutoring system","score":0.26440000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-decision-support-system","display_name":"Intelligent decision support system","score":0.24799999594688416}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6098999977111816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71008984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2890076","display_name":"Rigour","level":2,"score":0.4814000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189708586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1504425","display_name":"Systematic review","level":3,"score":0.4196000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3862999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.3781000077724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.34470000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.26669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779336797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3055492","display_name":"Intelligent tutoring system","level":2,"score":0.26440000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.24899999797344208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56397880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6044094","display_name":"Intelligent decision support system","level":2,"score":0.24799999594688416}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2507.18882","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2507.18882","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.18882","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2507.18882","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2507.18882","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2507.18882","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2507.18882","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.18882","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"AI-based":[0],"Intelligent":[1],"Tutoring":[2],"Systems":[3],"(ITS)":[4],"have":[5,30],"significant":[6],"potential":[7],"to":[8,16,38,48,65,73],"transform":[9],"teaching":[10],"and":[11,19,47,56,86,105,121,132],"learning.":[12],"As":[13],"efforts":[14],"continue":[15],"design,":[17],"develop,":[18],"integrate":[20],"ITS":[21,41],"into":[22],"educational":[23,45],"contexts,":[24],"mixed":[25],"results":[26,92],"about":[27],"their":[28,54],"effectiveness":[29,99],"emerged.":[31],"This":[32],"paper":[33],"provides":[34],"a":[35,60,94,112],"comprehensive":[36],"review":[37,63],"understand":[39],"how":[40],"operate":[42],"in":[43,53,118],"real":[44],"settings":[46],"identify":[49],"the":[50,98],"associated":[51],"challenges":[52],"application":[55],"evaluation.":[57],"We":[58],"use":[59],"systematic":[61],"literature":[62],"method":[64],"analyze":[66],"numerous":[67],"qualified":[68],"studies":[69],"published":[70],"from":[71],"2010":[72],"2025,":[74],"examining":[75],"domains":[76],"such":[77],"as":[78],"pedagogical":[79],"strategies,":[80],"NLP,":[81],"adaptive":[82],"learning,":[83],"student":[84],"modeling,":[85],"domain-specific":[87],"applications":[88],"of":[89,100],"ITS.":[90],"The":[91,108],"reveal":[93],"complex":[95],"landscape":[96],"regarding":[97],"ITS,":[101],"highlighting":[102],"both":[103],"advancements":[104],"persistent":[106],"challenges.":[107],"study":[109],"also":[110],"identifies":[111],"need":[113],"for":[114,129],"greater":[115],"scientific":[116],"rigor":[117],"experimental":[119],"design":[120],"data":[122],"analysis.":[123],"Based":[124],"on":[125],"these":[126],"findings,":[127],"suggestions":[128],"future":[130],"research":[131],"practical":[133],"implications":[134],"are":[135],"proposed.":[136]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
