{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415234110","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2507.18419","title":"Beyond yield: integrating energy, water, cost, and carbon to benchmark indoor vertical farming viability","display_name":"Beyond yield: integrating energy, water, cost, and carbon to benchmark indoor vertical farming viability","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415234110","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2507.18419"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2507.18419","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2507.18419","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2507.18419","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117067468","display_name":"Francesco Ceccanti","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ceccanti, Francesco","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070558861","display_name":"Aldo Bischi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1424-3535"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bischi, Aldo","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025022199","display_name":"Umberto Desideri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7360-5762"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Desideri, Umberto","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027735894","display_name":"Andrea Baccioli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7902-5275"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baccioli, Andrea","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5117067468"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12098","display_name":"Rural development and sustainability","score":0.498199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12098","display_name":"Rural development and sustainability","score":0.498199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12093","display_name":"Greenhouse Technology and Climate Control","score":0.4810999929904938,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14147","display_name":"Innovative Approaches in Technology and Social Development","score":0.47049999237060547,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agriculture","display_name":"Agriculture","score":0.5644999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/productivity","display_name":"Productivity","score":0.5374000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.5169000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.39890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precision-agriculture","display_name":"Precision agriculture","score":0.37470000982284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flux","display_name":"Flux (metallurgy)","score":0.373199999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/production","display_name":"Production (economics)","score":0.37130001187324524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.32899999618530273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6730999946594238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88463610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194118","display_name":"Agricultural engineering","level":1,"score":0.5751000046730042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.5644999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204983608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111958","display_name":"Productivity","level":2,"score":0.5374000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.5169000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.39890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120217122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740083","display_name":"Precision agriculture","level":3,"score":0.37470000982284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68709404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134475","display_name":"Flux (metallurgy)","level":2,"score":0.373199999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.37130001187324524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.3393999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.32899999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37923429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148482","display_name":"Intensive farming","level":3,"score":0.32749998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126384245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1643366","display_name":"Extensive farming","level":4,"score":0.32600000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137580998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235352","display_name":"Crop","level":2,"score":0.32350000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30772137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164762","display_name":"Consumption (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.3188000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.30329999327659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.2818000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55519028","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5377054","display_name":"Energy flux","level":2,"score":0.275299996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54924851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751054","display_name":"Sustainable agriculture","level":3,"score":0.26829999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47737302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","level":2,"score":0.2612000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64297162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1987070","display_name":"Deposition (geology)","level":3,"score":0.2603999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128383755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3816336","display_name":"Agricultural productivity","level":3,"score":0.25870001316070557}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2507.18419","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2507.18419","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2507.18419","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2507.18419","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,167],"interest":[1],"in":[2,35,111,223],"vertical":[3,36,207,227],"farming":[4,37,208,228],"arises":[5],"from":[6,101],"its":[7],"ability":[8],"to":[9,118,214],"ensure":[10],"consistent,":[11],"high-quality,":[12],"and":[13,23,33,59,69,86,96,122,125,156,159,221,230,236,241],"pest-free":[14],"vegetable":[15],"production":[16],"while":[17],"supporting":[18],"synergies":[19],"with":[20,67,173,198],"energy":[21,31,164,170,203,242],"systems":[22,204],"urban":[24],"development.":[25],"While":[26],"previous":[27],"studies":[28],"have":[29],"assessed":[30],"use":[32],"cost-effectiveness":[34],"using":[38],"simplified":[39],"models,":[40],"this":[41],"study":[42],"fills":[43],"a":[44,48,63,102],"gap":[45],"by":[46,76,153],"providing":[47],"comprehensive":[49],"analysis":[50],"of":[51,80,135,163,181],"how":[52],"individual":[53],"input":[54],"parameters":[55],"affect":[56],"efficiency,":[57],"sustainability,":[58],"economic":[60],"viability":[61],"through":[62],"detailed":[64],"modeling":[65],"framework":[66],"sensitivity":[68],"correlation":[70],"analyses.":[71],"162":[72],"scenarios":[73],"were":[74,108],"evaluated":[75],"combining":[77],"three":[78,90],"levels":[79],"temperature,":[81],"photosynthetic":[82,192],"photon":[83,142,193],"flux":[84,143,194],"density,":[85,195],"CO2":[87,154,211],"concentration":[88],"across":[89,238],"distinct":[91],"localities,":[92],"namely":[93],"Trondheim,":[94],"Shanghai,":[95],"Dubai":[97],"regions,":[98],"which":[99],"differ":[100],"socio-environmental":[103],"viewpoint.":[104],"Two":[105],"insulation":[106,136,199],"thicknesses":[107],"also":[109,160],"tested":[110],"each":[112],"scenario.":[113],"Results":[114],"indicate":[115],"that,":[116],"due":[117],"the":[119,138,146,161,174,184],"heating,":[120],"ventilation,":[121],"air":[123],"conditioning":[124],"dehumidification":[126],"system,":[127],"crop":[128],"productivity":[129,176],"could":[130],"be":[131],"kept":[132],"optimal":[133],"regardless":[134],"or":[137],"external":[139],"climate.":[140],"Photosynthetic":[141],"density":[144],"was":[145],"dominant":[147],"growth":[148],"factor":[149],"(correlation:":[150],"0.85),":[151],"followed":[152],"(0.36)":[155],"temperature":[157],"(0.22),":[158],"driver":[162],"consumption":[165,171],"(0.73).":[166],"lowest":[168,175],"specific":[169],"coincided":[172],"(55":[177],"kg/m2).":[178],"Levelized":[179],"cost":[180],"lettuce":[182],"identified":[183],"most":[185],"cost-effective":[186],"setup":[187],"as":[188],"24\u00b0C,":[189],"250":[190],"umol/m2s":[191],"1400ppm":[196],"CO2,":[197],"(102kg/m2).":[200],"Only":[201],"decarbonized":[202],"can":[205],"support":[206],"without":[209],"increasing":[210],"emissions":[212],"compared":[213],"imported":[215],"lettuce.":[216],"These":[217],"findings":[218],"guide":[219],"practitioners":[220],"policymakers":[222],"selecting":[224],"cost-effective,":[225],"sustainable":[226],"strategies":[229],"provide":[231],"validated":[232],"data":[233],"for":[234],"research":[235],"implementation":[237],"diverse":[239],"climatic":[240],"contexts.":[243]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-07T16:01:11.037858","created_date":"2025-10-16T00:00:00"}