{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405749509","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2412.16882","title":"PsychAdapter: Adapting LLM Transformers to Reflect Traits, Personality and Mental Health","display_name":"PsychAdapter: Adapting LLM Transformers to Reflect Traits, Personality and Mental Health","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405749509","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2412.16882"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2412.16882","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2412.16882","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2412.16882","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2412.16882","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101584877","display_name":"Huy Vu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vu, Huy","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052468815","display_name":"Huy A. Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1227-6173"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nguyen, Huy Anh","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055755559","display_name":"Adithya V Ganesan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6179-624X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ganesan, Adithya V","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052768030","display_name":"Swanie Juhng","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juhng, Swanie","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073392421","display_name":"Oscar Kjell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-6278"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kjell, Oscar N. E.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058954591","display_name":"Jo\u00e3o Sedoc","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6369-3711"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sedoc, Joao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041710385","display_name":"Margaret L. Kern","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4300-598X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kern, Margaret L.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053433716","display_name":"Ryan L. Boyd","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1876-6050"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Boyd, Ryan L.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044944954","display_name":"Lyle Ungar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2047-1443"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ungar, Lyle","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000566287","display_name":"H. Andrew Schwartz","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Schwartz, H. Andrew","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079039372","display_name":"Johannes C. Eichstaedt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3220-2972"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eichstaedt, Johannes C.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.40209999680519104,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.40209999680519104,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10350","display_name":"Electronic Health Records Systems","score":0.3871999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.3734999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/big-five-personality-traits","display_name":"Big Five personality traits","score":0.6825472712516785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mental-health","display_name":"Mental health","score":0.602951169013977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.5484323501586914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personality","display_name":"Personality","score":0.5271622538566589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.5038420557975769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-psychology","display_name":"Applied psychology","score":0.3332076072692871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.3326103091239929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychotherapist","display_name":"Psychotherapist","score":0.22401270270347595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1216709315776825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.11991897225379944}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2865642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q378132","display_name":"Big Five personality traits","level":3,"score":0.6825472712516785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134362201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317309","display_name":"Mental health","level":2,"score":0.602951169013977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5484323501586914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187288502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641118","display_name":"Personality","level":2,"score":0.5271622538566589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.5038420557975769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.3332076072692871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.3326103091239929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.22401270270347595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1216709315776825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.11991897225379944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2412.16882","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2412.16882","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2412.16882","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2412.16882","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2412.16882","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2412.16882","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2412.16882","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2412.16882","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4405749509.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2358230867","https://openalex.org/W3139055845","https://openalex.org/W3120669673","https://openalex.org/W2381358127","https://openalex.org/W2385784898","https://openalex.org/W2352060494","https://openalex.org/W2783805735","https://openalex.org/W4231300084","https://openalex.org/W2023745493","https://openalex.org/W2391026939"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Artificial":[0],"intelligence-based":[1],"language":[2,20,38,54,131,159,191,196],"generators":[3],"are":[4],"now":[5],"a":[6,32,122],"part":[7],"of":[8,138],"most":[9],"people's":[10],"lives.":[11],"However,":[12],"by":[13,140],"default,":[14],"they":[15],"tend":[16],"to":[17,35,51,70,84,125,199],"generate":[18,52],"\"average\"":[19],"without":[21,65,175],"reflecting":[22],"the":[23,36,86,134,185,194],"ways":[24],"in":[25],"which":[26],"people":[27],"differ.":[28],"Here,":[29],"we":[30],"propose":[31],"lightweight":[33],"modification":[34],"standard":[37],"model":[39],"transformer":[40,143],"architecture":[41],"-":[42,44],"\"PsychAdapter\"":[43],"that":[45,157,167],"uses":[46],"empirically":[47],"derived":[48],"trait-language":[49],"patterns":[50,129],"natural":[53,190,195],"for":[55,109,115,184],"specified":[56],"personality,":[57],"demographic,":[58],"and":[59,76,80,98,113,117,164],"mental":[60],"health":[61],"characteristics":[62],"(with":[63],"or":[64,172],"prompting).":[66],"We":[67],"applied":[68],"PsychAdapters":[69],"modify":[71],"OpenAI's":[72],"GPT-2,":[73],"Google's":[74],"Gemma,":[75],"Meta's":[77],"Llama":[78],"3":[79],"found":[81,99],"generated":[82,95],"text":[83,96],"reflect":[85],"desired":[87],"traits.":[88],"For":[89],"example,":[90],"expert":[91],"raters":[92],"evaluated":[93],"PsychAdapter's":[94],"output":[97],"it":[100],"matched":[101],"intended":[102],"trait":[103],"levels":[104],"with":[105,150,161],"87.3%":[106],"average":[107],"accuracy":[108],"Big":[110],"Five":[111],"personalities,":[112],"96.7%":[114],"depression":[116],"life":[118],"satisfaction.":[119],"PsychAdapter":[120,181],"is":[121],"novel":[123],"method":[124],"introduce":[126],"psychological":[127,162,187],"behavior":[128],"into":[130],"models":[132],"at":[133],"foundation":[135],"level,":[136],"independent":[137],"prompting,":[139],"influencing":[141],"every":[142],"layer.":[144],"This":[145],"approach":[146],"can":[147],"create":[148],"chatbots":[149],"specific":[151],"personality":[152],"profiles,":[153],"clinical":[154],"training":[155],"tools":[156],"mirror":[158],"associated":[160],"conditionals,":[163],"machine":[165],"translations":[166],"match":[168],"an":[169],"authors":[170],"reading":[171],"education":[173],"level":[174],"taking":[176],"up":[177],"LLM":[178],"context":[179],"windows.":[180],"also":[182],"allows":[183],"exploration":[186],"constructs":[188],"through":[189],"expression,":[192],"extending":[193],"processing":[197],"toolkit":[198],"study":[200],"human":[201],"psychology.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-02T14:50:37.381335","created_date":"2024-12-25T00:00:00"}