{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403789029","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2409.16339","title":"Large-scale digital phenotyping: identifying depression and anxiety indicators in a general UK population with over 10,000 participants","display_name":"Large-scale digital phenotyping: identifying depression and anxiety indicators in a general UK population with over 10,000 participants","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-09-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403789029","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2409.16339"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2409.16339","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2409.16339","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2409.16339","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2409.16339","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014964951","display_name":"Yuezhou Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4817-3835"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Yuezhou","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062106286","display_name":"Callum Stewart","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9947-8677"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stewart, Callum","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073465017","display_name":"Yatharth Ranjan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3079-3120"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ranjan, Yatharth","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029420224","display_name":"Pauline Conde","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0513-0915"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Conde, Pauline","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032549817","display_name":"Heet Sankesara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9126-5615"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sankesara, Heet","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053295426","display_name":"Zulqarnain Rashid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6843-9920"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rashid, Zulqarnain","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043677516","display_name":"Shaoxiong Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3652-5266"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sun, Shaoxiong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066918469","display_name":"Richard Dobson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4224-9245"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dobson, Richard J B","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061293835","display_name":"Amos Folarin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0333-1927"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Folarin, Amos A","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11519","display_name":"Digital Mental Health Interventions","score":0.9663000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11519","display_name":"Digital Mental Health Interventions","score":0.9663000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12372","display_name":"Art Therapy and Mental Health","score":0.9160000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1206","display_name":"Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anxiety","display_name":"Anxiety","score":0.677274763584137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depression","display_name":"Depression (economics)","score":0.6733078956604004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.6036397814750671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.5109373927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.508047342300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-psychology","display_name":"Clinical psychology","score":0.4904195964336395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychiatry","display_name":"Psychiatry","score":0.35226404666900635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3484528660774231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.2743823528289795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2487613558769226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.2241412103176117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.20929193496704102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.13179150223731995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-health","display_name":"Environmental health","score":0.12474074959754944}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558461103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430","display_name":"Anxiety","level":2,"score":0.677274763584137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776867660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814941","display_name":"Depression (economics)","level":2,"score":0.6733078956604004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.6036397814750671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5109373927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.508047342300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.4904195964336395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.35226404666900635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3484528660774231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2743823528289795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2487613558769226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.2241412103176117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.20929193496704102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.13179150223731995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.12474074959754944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2409.16339","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2409.16339","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2409.16339","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2409.16339","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2409.16339","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2409.16339","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2409.16339","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2409.16339","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G125566990","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NIHR203318","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334412","funder_display_name":"NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1280483720","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IS-BRC-1215-20018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320285","funder_display_name":"King's College London"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3272272592","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IS-BRC-1215-20018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311198","funder_display_name":"South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4608837967","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NIHR203318","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311198","funder_display_name":"South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5127371129","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IS-BRC-1215-20018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319990","funder_display_name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5421741861","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NIHR203318","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319990","funder_display_name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6206044308","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IS-BRC-1215","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319990","funder_display_name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6739327530","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BRC-1215-20018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319990","funder_display_name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8864263999","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IS-BRC-1215-20018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334412","funder_display_name":"NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311198","display_name":"South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/015803449"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314731","display_name":"UK Research and Innovation","ror":"https://ror.org/001aqnf71"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319990","display_name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","ror":"https://ror.org/0187kwz08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319994","display_name":"Department of Health and Social Care","ror":"https://ror.org/03sbpja79"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320285","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334412","display_name":"NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334626","display_name":"Medical Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/03x94j517"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4403789029.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2358430072","https://openalex.org/W1985838049","https://openalex.org/W2013157839","https://openalex.org/W2111463896","https://openalex.org/W2086259589","https://openalex.org/W1551113066","https://openalex.org/W4210836443","https://openalex.org/W1972101794","https://openalex.org/W2964000526","https://openalex.org/W2378173657"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Digital":[0],"phenotyping":[1,202],"offers":[2],"a":[3,27,37,63],"novel":[4],"and":[5,11,44,52,60,74,80,106,108,126,140,154,195,203],"cost-efficient":[6],"approach":[7],"for":[8,175,179,193,207,222],"managing":[9],"depression":[10,56,94,105,125,194],"anxiety.":[12,96],"Previous":[13],"studies,":[14],"often":[15],"limited":[16],"to":[17,88,103,182],"small-to-medium":[18],"or":[19,95],"specific":[20],"populations,":[21],"may":[22],"lack":[23],"generalizability.":[24],"We":[25,66,117],"conducted":[26],"cross-sectional":[28],"analysis":[29,144],"of":[30,115,124,167,186,200,210],"data":[31,51],"from":[32,36],"10,129":[33],"participants":[34,147],"recruited":[35],"UK-based":[38],"general":[39,214],"population":[40],"between":[41,71,121],"June":[42],"2020":[43],"August":[45],"2022.":[46],"Participants":[47],"shared":[48],"wearable":[49],"(Fitbit)":[50],"self-reported":[53],"questionnaires":[54],"on":[55],"(PHQ-8),":[57],"anxiety":[58,107,127],"(GAD-7),":[59],"mood":[61,81],"via":[62],"study":[64,189],"app.":[65],"first":[67],"examined":[68],"the":[69,110,122,170,198],"correlations":[70],"PHQ-8/GAD-7":[72],"scores":[73],"wearable-derived":[75],"features,":[76],"demographics,":[77],"health":[78],"data,":[79],"assessments.":[82],"Subsequently,":[83],"unsupervised":[84],"clustering":[85],"was":[86],"used":[87],"identify":[89],"behavioural":[90],"patterns":[91],"associated":[92],"with":[93,128],"Finally,":[97],"we":[98],"employed":[99],"separate":[100],"XGBoost":[101],"models":[102,163],"predict":[104],"compared":[109,181],"results":[111],"using":[112,184],"different":[113],"subsets":[114,185],"features.":[116],"observed":[118],"significant":[119],"associations":[120],"severity":[123],"several":[129],"factors,":[130],"including":[131],"mood,":[132],"age,":[133],"gender,":[134],"BMI,":[135],"sleep":[136],"patterns,":[137],"physical":[138,151],"activity,":[139],"heart":[141,156],"rate.":[142],"Clustering":[143],"revealed":[145],"that":[146],"simultaneously":[148],"exhibiting":[149],"lower":[150],"activity":[152],"levels":[153],"higher":[155],"rates":[157],"reported":[158],"more":[159],"severe":[160],"symptoms.":[161],"Prediction":[162],"incorporating":[164],"all":[165],"types":[166],"variables":[168],"achieved":[169],"best":[171],"performance":[172],"($R^2$=0.41,":[173],"MAE=3.42":[174],"depression;":[176],"$R^2$=0.31,":[177],"MAE=3.50":[178],"anxiety)":[180],"those":[183],"variables.":[187],"This":[188],"identified":[190],"potential":[191],"indicators":[192],"anxiety,":[196],"highlighting":[197],"utility":[199],"digital":[201],"machine":[204],"learning":[205],"technologies":[206],"rapid":[208],"screening":[209],"mental":[211],"disorders":[212],"in":[213],"populations.":[215],"These":[216],"findings":[217],"provide":[218],"robust":[219],"real-world":[220],"insights":[221],"future":[223],"healthcare":[224],"applications.":[225]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2024-10-27T00:00:00"}