{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399912290","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2406.13017","title":"As Advertised? Understanding the Impact of Influencer VPN Ads","display_name":"As Advertised? Understanding the Impact of Influencer VPN Ads","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399912290","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2406.13017"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2406.13017","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2406.13017","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2406.13017","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2406.13017","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071360648","display_name":"\u00d6mer Akg\u00fcl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2614-6476"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Akgul, Omer","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069395258","display_name":"Richard M. Roberts","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roberts, Richard","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108946229","display_name":"Emma Shroyer","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shroyer, Emma","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088579822","display_name":"Dave Levin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4957-5131"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Levin, Dave","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105206771","display_name":"Michelle L. Mazurek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4151-6428"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mazurek, Michelle L.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071360648"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10609","display_name":"Digital Marketing and Social Media","score":0.9327999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10609","display_name":"Digital Marketing and Social Media","score":0.9327999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.47845959663391113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4720236659049988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.4608975946903229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4228900372982025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3953149616718292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3824513554573059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advertising","display_name":"Advertising","score":0.3676961064338684}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.47845959663391113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4720236659049988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4608975946903229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4228900372982025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3953149616718292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3824513554573059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.3676961064338684}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2406.13017","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2406.13017","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2406.13017","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2406.13017","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2406.13017","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2406.13017","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2406.13017","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2406.13017","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4399912290.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2908364646","https://openalex.org/W2275271759","https://openalex.org/W2014532210","https://openalex.org/W1992760298","https://openalex.org/W2767629806","https://openalex.org/W2319899002","https://openalex.org/W2953463546","https://openalex.org/W2111375262","https://openalex.org/W2187359640","https://openalex.org/W1991205173"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Influencer":[0],"VPN":[1,45,61,94,105,113,132,162,173],"ads":[2,28,106,163,174],"(sponsored":[3],"segments)":[4],"on":[5],"YouTube":[6,44,75],"often":[7,129,150],"disseminate":[8],"misleading":[9,144],"information":[10],"about":[11,34],"both":[12,141],"VPNs,":[13,53,125],"and":[14,32,48,55,78,115,143,164],"security":[15],"&":[16],"privacy":[17],"more":[18],"broadly.":[19],"However,":[20],"it":[21,180],"remains":[22],"unclear":[23],"how":[24],"(or":[25],"whether)":[26],"these":[27,126,165],"affect":[29],"users'":[30,49],"perceptions":[31],"knowledge":[33],"VPNs.":[35],"In":[36,134],"this":[37],"work,":[38],"we":[39,79,100,154],"explore":[40],"the":[41,67],"relationship":[42],"between":[43,159],"ad":[46,62,68],"exposure":[47,69,103,160],"mental":[50,85,145,166,177],"models":[51,86,146],"of":[52,70,147],"security,":[54],"privacy.":[56],"We":[57],"use":[58],"a":[59],"novel":[60],"detection":[63],"model":[64],"to":[65,82,89,104,124,161],"calculate":[66],"217":[71],"participants":[72,138],"via":[73],"their":[74,84],"watch":[76],"histories,":[77],"develop":[80],"scales":[81],"characterize":[83],"in":[87,93,118,131,152],"relation":[88],"claims":[90],"commonly":[91],"made":[92],"ads.":[95,133],"Through":[96],"(pre-registered)":[97],"regression-based":[98],"analysis,":[99],"find":[101,155],"that":[102,149],"is":[107,181],"significantly":[108],"correlated":[109],"with":[110,112,140],"familiarity":[111],"brands":[114],"increased":[116],"belief":[117],"(hyperbolic)":[119],"threats.":[120],"While":[121],"not":[122],"specific":[123],"threats":[127],"are":[128],"discussed":[130],"contrast,":[135],"although":[136],"many":[137],"agree":[139],"factual":[142],"VPNs":[148],"appear":[151],"ads,":[153],"no":[156],"significant":[157],"correlation":[158],"models.":[167],"These":[168],"findings":[169],"suggest":[170],"that,":[171],"if":[172],"do":[175],"impact":[176],"models,":[178],"then":[179],"predominantly":[182],"emotional":[183],"(i.e.,":[184],"threat":[185],"perceptions)":[186],"rather":[187],"than":[188],"technical.":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-11T14:59:36.786465","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}