{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399414353","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2406.02064","title":"Advancing Generalized Transfer Attack with Initialization Derived Bilevel Optimization and Dynamic Sequence Truncation","display_name":"Advancing Generalized Transfer Attack with Initialization Derived Bilevel Optimization and Dynamic Sequence Truncation","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399414353","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2406.02064"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2406.02064","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2406.02064","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2406.02064","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2406.02064","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100674174","display_name":"Yaohua Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2016-1605"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Liu, Yaohua","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101865271","display_name":"Jiaxin Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0023-1269"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gao, Jiaxin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104145076","display_name":"Xuan Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liu, Xuan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101404574","display_name":"Xianghao Jiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1032-169X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiao, Xianghao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057776894","display_name":"Xin Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8991-4188"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fan, Xin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042370642","display_name":"Risheng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9554-0565"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liu, Risheng","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100674174"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11612","display_name":"Stochastic Gradient Optimization Techniques","score":0.875,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11612","display_name":"Stochastic Gradient Optimization Techniques","score":0.875,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/initialization","display_name":"Initialization","score":0.781865119934082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/truncation","display_name":"Truncation (statistics)","score":0.7799632549285889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bilevel-optimization","display_name":"Bilevel optimization","score":0.7625703811645508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","score":0.6627218723297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5217098593711853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.41773557662963867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.3585585653781891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3003321886062622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.24828100204467773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.24143385887145996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.0695086121559143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.05240631103515625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics","display_name":"Genetics","score":0.04648461937904358}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114466953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6034165","display_name":"Initialization","level":2,"score":0.781865119934082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106195933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7847935","display_name":"Truncation (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.7799632549285889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3309286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4907693","display_name":"Bilevel optimization","level":3,"score":0.7625703811645508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6627218723297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5217098593711853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.41773557662963867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.3585585653781891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3003321886062622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.24828100204467773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.24143385887145996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0695086121559143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.05240631103515625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.04648461937904358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2406.02064","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2406.02064","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2406.02064","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2406.02064","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2406.02064","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2406.02064","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2406.02064","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2406.02064","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1817152434","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U22B2052","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2855469915","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61936002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G451232700","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62302078","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4690977005","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022RG04","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329895","funder_display_name":"Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7608752429","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Talent","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7836423780","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Liaoning","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329895","display_name":"Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4399414353.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4399414353.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4318070895","https://openalex.org/W3157915181","https://openalex.org/W3016456819","https://openalex.org/W2896140431","https://openalex.org/W1536852012","https://openalex.org/W3015956618","https://openalex.org/W1994436307","https://openalex.org/W2920493340","https://openalex.org/W2071082401","https://openalex.org/W1989923016"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Transfer":[0],"attacks":[1],"generate":[2],"significant":[3],"interest":[4],"for":[5,98,118],"real-world":[6],"black-box":[7],"applications":[8],"by":[9,58],"crafting":[10],"transferable":[11],"adversarial":[12],"examples":[13],"through":[14],"surrogate":[15,28,83,141],"models.":[16,46],"Whereas,":[17],"existing":[18],"works":[19],"essentially":[20],"directly":[21],"optimize":[22],"the":[23,27,52,69,74,80,88,99,106,115,139],"single-level":[24],"objective":[25],"w.r.t.":[26],"model,":[29],"which":[30,66],"always":[31],"leads":[32],"to":[33,112,135],"poor":[34],"interpretability":[35],"of":[36,138,148,153],"attack":[37,154,169],"mechanism":[38],"and":[39,79,104,120,131,162,167],"limited":[40],"generalization":[41],"performance":[42],"over":[43,101],"unknown":[44],"victim":[45],"In":[47],"this":[48],"work,":[49],"we":[50,86,126],"propose":[51,105],"\\textbf{B}il\\textbf{E}vel":[53],"\\textbf{T}ransfer":[54],"\\textbf{A}ttac\\textbf{K}":[55],"(BETAK)":[56],"framework":[57],"establishing":[59],"an":[60,95],"initialization":[61],"derived":[62],"bilevel":[63],"optimization":[64],"paradigm,":[65],"explicitly":[67],"reformulates":[68],"nested":[70],"constraint":[71],"relationship":[72],"between":[73],"Upper-Level":[75],"(UL)":[76],"pseudo-victim":[77,102],"attacker":[78],"Lower-Level":[81],"(LL)":[82],"attacker.":[84,142],"Algorithmically,":[85],"introduce":[87],"Hyper":[89],"Gradient":[90],"Response":[91],"(HGR)":[92],"estimation":[93],"as":[94],"effective":[96],"feedback":[97],"transferability":[100],"attackers,":[103],"Dynamic":[107],"Sequence":[108],"Truncation":[109],"(DST)":[110],"technique":[111],"dynamically":[113],"adjust":[114],"back-propagation":[116],"path":[117],"HGR":[119],"reduce":[121],"computational":[122],"overhead":[123],"simultaneously.":[124],"Meanwhile,":[125],"conduct":[127],"detailed":[128],"algorithmic":[129],"analysis":[130],"provide":[132],"convergence":[133],"guarantee":[134],"support":[136],"non-convexity":[137],"LL":[140],"Extensive":[143],"evaluations":[144],"demonstrate":[145],"substantial":[146],"improvement":[147],"BETAK":[149],"(e.g.,":[150],"$\\mathbf{53.41}$\\%":[151],"increase":[152],"success":[155],"rates":[156],"against":[157,159],"IncRes-v$2_{ens}$)":[158],"different":[160],"victims":[161],"defense":[163],"methods":[164],"in":[165],"targeted":[166],"untargeted":[168],"scenarios.":[170],"The":[171],"source":[172],"code":[173],"is":[174],"available":[175],"at":[176],"https://github.com/callous-youth/BETAK.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
