{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4396986869","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2405.09113","title":"Efficient LLM Jailbreak via Adaptive Dense-to-sparse Constrained Optimization","display_name":"Efficient LLM Jailbreak via Adaptive Dense-to-sparse Constrained Optimization","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4396986869","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2405.09113"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2405.09113","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2405.09113","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2405.09113","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2405.09113","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048675276","display_name":"Kai Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7181-9935"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hu, Kai","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108259382","display_name":"Weichen Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7935-2358"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu, Weichen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101546250","display_name":"Yining Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4761-2293"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li, Yining","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048500768","display_name":"Kai Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3930-8294"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen, Kai","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037888954","display_name":"Tianjun Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0553-2809"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yao, Tianjun","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001003407","display_name":"Xiang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6535-0584"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li, Xiang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045007670","display_name":"Wenhe Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4679-2958"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liu, Wenhe","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100848606","display_name":"Lijun Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu, Lijun","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015367334","display_name":"Zhiqiang Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3749-3115"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shen, Zhiqiang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057424614","display_name":"Matt Fredrikson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1820-1698"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fredrikson, Matt","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048675276"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12549","display_name":"Image and Object Detection Techniques","score":0.9821000099182129,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12549","display_name":"Image and Object Detection Techniques","score":0.9821000099182129,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11245","display_name":"Advanced Numerical Analysis Techniques","score":0.9724000096321106,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.9054999947547913,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5266965627670288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.39378654956817627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34403419494628906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.25403067469596863}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5266965627670288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.39378654956817627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34403419494628906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.25403067469596863}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2405.09113","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2405.09113","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2405.09113","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-158404","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-158404","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference paper"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2405.09113","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2405.09113","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2405.09113","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2405.09113","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2405.09113","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4396986869.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W4395014643"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"research":[1],"indicates":[2],"that":[3,13,86,127],"large":[4],"language":[5],"models":[6],"(LLMs)":[7],"are":[8],"susceptible":[9],"to":[10,35,115],"jailbreaking":[11],"attacks":[12],"can":[14,128],"generate":[15],"harmful":[16],"content.":[17],"This":[18,71,122],"paper":[19,123],"introduces":[20],"a":[21,58],"novel":[22],"token-level":[23,96],"attack":[24,105],"method,":[25],"Adaptive":[26],"Dense-to-Sparse":[27],"Constrained":[28],"Optimization":[29],"(ADC),":[30],"which":[31],"has":[32],"been":[33],"shown":[34],"successfully":[36],"jailbreak":[37,55,118],"multiple":[38],"open-source":[39],"LLMs.":[40],"Drawing":[41],"inspiration":[42],"from":[43],"the":[44,53,65,68,75,103,116],"difficulties":[45],"of":[46,67,111],"discrete":[47,54,78],"token":[48],"optimization,":[49],"our":[50,87,100],"method":[51,88],"relaxes":[52],"optimization":[56,60],"into":[57],"continuous":[59,80],"process":[61],"while":[62],"gradually":[63],"increasing":[64],"sparsity":[66],"optimizing":[69],"vectors.":[70],"technique":[72],"effectively":[73],"bridges":[74],"gap":[76],"between":[77],"and":[79,92],"space":[81],"optimization.":[82],"Experimental":[83],"results":[84],"demonstrate":[85],"is":[89],"more":[90],"effective":[91],"efficient":[93],"than":[94],"state-of-the-art":[95],"methods.":[97,119],"On":[98],"Harmbench,":[99],"approach":[101],"achieves":[102],"highest":[104],"success":[106],"rate":[107],"on":[108],"seven":[109],"out":[110],"eight":[112],"LLMs":[113],"compared":[114],"latest":[117],"Trigger":[120],"Warning:":[121],"contains":[124],"model":[125],"behavior":[126],"be":[129],"offensive":[130],"in":[131],"nature.":[132]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}