{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392270708","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2402.17003","title":"Monitoring Fidelity of Online Reinforcement Learning Algorithms in Clinical Trials","display_name":"Monitoring Fidelity of Online Reinforcement Learning Algorithms in Clinical Trials","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-02-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392270708","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2402.17003"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2402.17003","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2402.17003","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2402.17003","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2402.17003","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039583451","display_name":"Anna L. Trella","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4779-9115"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Trella, Anna L.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101990414","display_name":"Kelly Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0850-4978"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Kelly W.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034549483","display_name":"Inbal Nahum\u2010Shani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6138-9089"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nahum-Shani, Inbal","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047665844","display_name":"Vivek Shetty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3167-3318"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shetty, Vivek","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051733612","display_name":"Iris Yan","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan, Iris","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038771285","display_name":"Finale Doshi\u2010Velez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2886-3898"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Doshi-Velez, Finale","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070589969","display_name":"Susan A. Murphy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2032-4286"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Murphy, Susan A.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11235","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials","score":0.7644000053405762,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11235","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials","score":0.7644000053405762,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.7805043458938599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fidelity","display_name":"Fidelity","score":0.7489950656890869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6422865390777588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4946405589580536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.48856648802757263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement","display_name":"Reinforcement","score":0.43714195489883423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.40659987926483154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.2441801130771637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.0811537504196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.06267058849334717}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.7805043458938599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776459999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2119376","display_name":"Fidelity","level":2,"score":0.7489950656890869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6422865390777588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4946405589580536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.48856648802757263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67203356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321905","display_name":"Reinforcement","level":2,"score":0.43714195489883423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.40659987926483154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2441801130771637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0811537504196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.06267058849334717}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2402.17003","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2402.17003","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2402.17003","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2402.17003","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2402.17003","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2402.17003","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2402.17003","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2402.17003","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G157395691","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"UH3DE028723","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3023313847","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P41EB028242","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7684674038","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P50DA054039","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8803928122","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U01CA229437","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309622","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392270708.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392270708.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2920061524","https://openalex.org/W4310083477","https://openalex.org/W1977959518","https://openalex.org/W2038908348","https://openalex.org/W2381850946","https://openalex.org/W4380449851","https://openalex.org/W2107890255","https://openalex.org/W2106552856","https://openalex.org/W2145821588","https://openalex.org/W2086122291"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Online":[0],"reinforcement":[1],"learning":[2],"(RL)":[3],"algorithms":[4,50],"offer":[5],"great":[6],"potential":[7],"for":[8,11,46,74,82,129,133],"personalizing":[9],"treatment":[10],"participants":[12,64,130],"in":[13,22,51],"clinical":[14,52,93,111],"trials.":[15,53],"However,":[16],"deploying":[17,47],"an":[18,120],"online,":[19],"autonomous":[20],"algorithm":[21,40,60,90,96,124],"the":[23,56,59,68,72,109],"high-stakes":[24],"healthcare":[25],"setting":[26],"makes":[27],"quality":[28,32],"control":[29],"and":[30,65,85,92],"data":[31,73],"especially":[33],"difficult":[34],"to":[35,61,88,125],"achieve.":[36],"This":[37],"paper":[38],"proposes":[39],"fidelity":[41],"as":[42],"a":[43,80],"critical":[44],"requirement":[45],"online":[48,122],"RL":[49,123],"It":[54],"emphasizes":[55],"responsibility":[57],"of":[58,71],"(1)":[62],"safeguard":[63],"(2)":[66],"preserve":[67],"scientific":[69],"utility":[70],"post-trial":[75],"analyses.":[76],"We":[77],"also":[78],"present":[79,105],"framework":[81],"pre-deployment":[83],"planning":[84],"real-time":[86],"monitoring":[87],"help":[89],"developers":[91],"researchers":[94],"ensure":[95],"fidelity.":[97],"To":[98],"illustrate":[99],"our":[100],"framework's":[101],"practical":[102],"application,":[103],"we":[104],"real-world":[106],"examples":[107],"from":[108],"Oralytics":[110],"trial.":[112],"Since":[113],"Spring":[114],"2023,":[115],"this":[116],"trial":[117],"successfully":[118],"deployed":[119],"autonomous,":[121],"personalize":[126],"behavioral":[127],"interventions":[128],"at":[131],"risk":[132],"dental":[134],"disease.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2024-03-05T00:00:00"}