{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390833736","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2401.03200","title":"The Coexistence of Infection Spread Patterns in the Global Dynamics of COVID-19 Dissemination","display_name":"The Coexistence of Infection Spread Patterns in the Global Dynamics of COVID-19 Dissemination","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390833736","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2401.03200"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2401.03200","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2401.03200","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2401.03200","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2401.03200","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039811251","display_name":"Hiroyasu Inoue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1639-4801"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Inoue, Hiroyasu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073580690","display_name":"Wataru Souma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1051-4350"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Souma, Wataru","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069941108","display_name":"Yoshi Fujiwara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5099-8169"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fujiwara, Yoshi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10410","display_name":"COVID-19 epidemiological studies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10410","display_name":"COVID-19 epidemiological studies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11711","display_name":"COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts","score":0.9749000072479248,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10118","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research","score":0.9689000248908997,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lagging","display_name":"Lagging","score":0.7304326295852661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pandemic","display_name":"Pandemic","score":0.6623762249946594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","score":0.596973180770874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","score":0.5284839868545532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/development-economics","display_name":"Development economics","score":0.5119186639785767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socioeconomic-status","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","score":0.49103832244873047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developing-country","display_name":"Developing country","score":0.4664572775363922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.4517941474914551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.3906678855419159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-growth","display_name":"Economic growth","score":0.3587213158607483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.33380961418151855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-health","display_name":"Environmental health","score":0.27447426319122314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.2110777199268341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.18423888087272644}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776962539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6472078","display_name":"Lagging","level":2,"score":0.7304326295852661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89623803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184","display_name":"Pandemic","level":5,"score":0.6623762249946594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.596973180770874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5284839868545532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47768531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188","display_name":"Development economics","level":1,"score":0.5119186639785767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147077947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515895","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","level":3,"score":0.49103832244873047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.4664572775363922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4517941474914551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3906678855419159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.3587213158607483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.33380961418151855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.27447426319122314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2110777199268341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.18423888087272644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2401.03200","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2401.03200","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2401.03200","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2401.03200","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2401.03200","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2401.03200","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2401.03200","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2401.03200","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.44999998807907104,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390833736.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390833736.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2135562825","https://openalex.org/W3145783610","https://openalex.org/W2354181859","https://openalex.org/W2757096358","https://openalex.org/W2472614530","https://openalex.org/W2375646802","https://openalex.org/W2052668055","https://openalex.org/W2162038069","https://openalex.org/W627568556","https://openalex.org/W2358087883"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,116,173,208],"novel":[1],"coronavirus":[2],"SARS-CoV-2,":[3],"commonly":[4],"referred":[5],"to":[6,62,184,200,214,222],"as":[7],"COVID-19,":[8],"triggered":[9],"the":[10,14,17,43,68,82,89,97,188,191,204],"global":[11,53],"pandemic.":[12],"Although":[13],"nature":[15],"of":[16,20,34,45,109,190,206],"international":[18,212],"spread":[19],"infection":[21,46,54,181],"is":[22,31],"an":[23],"important":[24],"issue,":[25],"extracting":[26],"diffusion":[27],"networks":[28],"from":[29,58],"observations":[30],"challenging":[32],"because":[33],"its":[35],"inherent":[36],"complexity.":[37],"In":[38,152],"this":[39],"paper,":[40],"we":[41,95],"investigate":[42],"process":[44],"worldwide,":[47],"including":[48],"time":[49,198],"delays,":[50],"based":[51],"on":[52],"case":[55],"data":[56,69],"collected":[57],"January":[59],"3,":[60],"2020":[61,124],"December":[63],"31,":[64],"2022.":[65],"We":[66],"approach":[67],"with":[70,131,143,166],"a":[71],"complex":[72],"Hilbert":[73],"principal":[74],"component":[75],"analysis,":[76],"which":[77],"can":[78,220],"consider":[79],"not":[80],"only":[81],"concurrent":[83],"relationships":[84],"between":[85],"elements,":[86],"but":[87],"also":[88],"leading":[90,148,159],"and":[91,113,125,128,138,155,170],"lagging":[92],"relationships.":[93],"Then,":[94],"examine":[96],"interactions":[98],"among":[99],"countries":[100,142,157,165,219],"by":[101,164],"considering":[102],"six":[103],"factors:":[104],"geography,":[105],"population,":[106],"GDP,":[107],"stringency":[108],"countermeasures,":[110],"vaccination":[111,168],"rates,":[112,146],"government":[114],"type.":[115],"results":[117,174],"show":[118,147,158],"two":[119],"primary":[120],"trends":[121,149,160,186,194],"occurring":[122],"in":[123,126,150,161,217],"2021-2022":[127],"they":[129],"interchange":[130],"each":[132],"other.":[133],"Specifically,":[134],"European,":[135],"highly":[136],"populated,":[137],"democratic":[139],"countries,":[140],"i.e.,":[141],"high":[144,167],"mobility":[145],"2020.":[151],"contrast,":[153],"African":[154],"nondemocratic":[156],"2021-2022,":[162],"followed":[163],"rates":[169],"advanced":[171],"countermeasures.":[172,207],"reveal":[175],"that,":[176],"although":[177],"factors":[178],"that":[179,211],"increase":[180],"risk":[182],"lead":[183],"certain":[185],"at":[187],"beginning":[189],"pandemic,":[192],"these":[193],"dynamically":[195],"changes":[196],"over":[197],"due":[199],"socioeconomic":[201],"factors,":[202],"especially":[203],"introduction":[205],"findings":[209],"suggest":[210],"efforts":[213],"promote":[215],"countermeasures":[216],"developing":[218],"contribute":[221],"pandemic":[223],"containment.":[224]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-26T07:47:46.906454","created_date":"2024-01-13T00:00:00"}
