{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409263722","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2413503122","title":"Transferring climate change physical knowledge","display_name":"Transferring climate change physical knowledge","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409263722","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2413503122","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40198708"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1073/pnas.2413503122","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2413503122","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2413503122","pdf_url":"https://www.pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.2413503122","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125754415","display_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issn_l":"0027-8424","issn":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320052","host_organization_name":"National Academy of Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320052"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Academy of Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.2413503122","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069521976","display_name":"Francesco Immorlano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3040-9320","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3040-9320"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2803209242","display_name":"University of California System","ror":"https://ror.org/00pjdza24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2803209242"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111827","display_name":"CMCC Foundation - Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change","ror":"https://ror.org/01tf11a61","country_code":"IT","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111827"]}],"countries":["IT","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Francesco Immorlano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici Foundation \u2014 Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change","Department of Computer Science, University of California","Learning the Earth with AI and Physics"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3040-9320","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici Foundation \u2014 Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2803209242"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Learning the Earth with AI and Physics","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034118743","display_name":"Veronika Eyring","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6887-4885","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6887-4885"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180437899","display_name":"University of Bremen","ror":"https://ror.org/04ers2y35","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Veronika Eyring","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Climate Modelling, University of Bremen, Institute of Environmental Physics","Department of Earth System Model Evaluation and Analysis, Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V., Institut f\u00fcr Physik der Atmosph\u00e4re"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6887-4885","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Climate Modelling, University of Bremen, Institute of Environmental Physics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth System Model Evaluation and Analysis, Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V., Institut f\u00fcr Physik der Atmosph\u00e4re","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092963931","display_name":"Thomas le Monnier de Gouville","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142476485","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique","ror":"https://ror.org/05hy3tk52","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142476485","https://openalex.org/I4210145102"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["FR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas le Monnier de Gouville","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University","Ecole Polytechnique"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ecole Polytechnique","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142476485"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017628619","display_name":"Gabriele Accarino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2969-1517","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2969-1517"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111827","display_name":"CMCC Foundation - Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change","ror":"https://ror.org/01tf11a61","country_code":"IT","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111827"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["IT","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gabriele Accarino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici Foundation \u2014 Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change","Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University","Learning the Earth with AI and Physics"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2969-1517","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici Foundation \u2014 Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Learning the Earth with AI and Physics","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038281463","display_name":"Donatello Elia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9206-2385","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9206-2385"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111827","display_name":"CMCC Foundation - Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change","ror":"https://ror.org/01tf11a61","country_code":"IT","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111827"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Donatello Elia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici Foundation \u2014 Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9206-2385","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici Foundation \u2014 Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036302820","display_name":"Stephan Mandt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7836-7839","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7836-7839"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2803209242","display_name":"University of California System","ror":"https://ror.org/00pjdza24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2803209242"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephan Mandt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of California","Learning the Earth with AI and Physics"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7836-7839","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2803209242"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Learning the Earth with AI and Physics","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068232148","display_name":"Giovanni Aloisio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5902-6983","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5902-6983"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142910587","display_name":"University of Salento","ror":"https://ror.org/03fc1k060","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142910587"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111827","display_name":"CMCC Foundation - Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change","ror":"https://ror.org/01tf11a61","country_code":"IT","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111827"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giovanni Aloisio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici Foundation \u2014 Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change","Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5902-6983","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici Foundation \u2014 Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142910587"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061588829","display_name":"Pierre Gentine","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0845-8345","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0845-8345"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pierre Gentine","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University","Learning the Earth with AI and Physics"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0845-8345","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Learning the Earth with AI and Physics","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069521976"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2803209242","https://openalex.org/I4210111827"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.103,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96130278,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"122","issue":"15","first_page":"e2413503122","last_page":"e2413503122"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10029","display_name":"Climate variability and models","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10029","display_name":"Climate variability and models","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12615","display_name":"Climate Change and Geoengineering","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change-projections","display_name":"climate change projections","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-learning","display_name":"transfer learning","score":0.7409999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earth-system-models","display_name":"Earth system models","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uncertainty-reduction","display_name":"uncertainty reduction","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-surface-air-temperature","display_name":"global surface air temperature","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change-adaptation","display_name":"climate change adaptation","score":0.49799999594688416}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197129107","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1921621","display_name":"Merge (version control)","level":2,"score":0.7370176911354065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.7024939656257629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80368990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3046459","display_name":"Earth system science","level":2,"score":0.6315343379974365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.6076968312263489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168754636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620920","display_name":"Climate model","level":3,"score":0.5916990041732788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.528019368648529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.49048349261283875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4620577096939087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994067962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3509184","display_name":"Climate system","level":3,"score":0.42935341596603394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.24191519618034363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.13450244069099426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1073/pnas.2413503122","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2413503122","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2413503122","pdf_url":"https://www.pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.2413503122","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125754415","display_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issn_l":"0027-8424","issn":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320052","host_organization_name":"National Academy of Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320052"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Academy of Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40198708","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40198708","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2309.14780","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2309.14780","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2309.14780","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12012549","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12012549","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2309.14780","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2309.14780","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2309.14780","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1073/pnas.2413503122","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2413503122","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2413503122","pdf_url":"https://www.pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.2413503122","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125754415","display_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issn_l":"0027-8424","issn":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320052","host_organization_name":"National Academy of Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320052"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Academy of Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":1.0,"display_name":"Climate action"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.8500000238418579,"display_name":"Climate action"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1045526123","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"855187","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2018166452","display_name":"STC: Center for Learning the Earth with Artificial Intelligence and Physics (LEAP)","funder_award_id":"2019625","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5649042829","display_name":"Global Excellence in Modelling of Climate and Energy","funder_award_id":"681228","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G715849913","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"855187","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334678","funder_display_name":"European Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7445405401","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"681228","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338438","funder_display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8446149554","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"681228","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334678","display_name":"European Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0472cxd90"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338438","display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409263722.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409263722.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":95,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1680392829","https://openalex.org/W1693658323","https://openalex.org/W1995483742","https://openalex.org/W2005938683","https://openalex.org/W2011189209","https://openalex.org/W2017900025","https://openalex.org/W2031566797","https://openalex.org/W2141200610","https://openalex.org/W2151328940","https://openalex.org/W2165698076","https://openalex.org/W2193503481","https://openalex.org/W2217744022","https://openalex.org/W2254373983","https://openalex.org/W2337225114","https://openalex.org/W2395579298","https://openalex.org/W2495412896","https://openalex.org/W2516442054","https://openalex.org/W2527484912","https://openalex.org/W2551959074","https://openalex.org/W2560482818","https://openalex.org/W2564065614","https://openalex.org/W2569139521","https://openalex.org/W2586615157","https://openalex.org/W2590107759","https://openalex.org/W2613535792","https://openalex.org/W2751847990","https://openalex.org/W2784008656","https://openalex.org/W2787298971","https://openalex.org/W2793705078","https://openalex.org/W2903169149","https://openalex.org/W2905895468","https://openalex.org/W2914584698","https://openalex.org/W2917099771","https://openalex.org/W2920897755","https://openalex.org/W2937082058","https://openalex.org/W2964059111","https://openalex.org/W2973731563","https://openalex.org/W2981420978","https://openalex.org/W2990720407","https://openalex.org/W2998500935","https://openalex.org/W3010860482","https://openalex.org/W3013884049","https://openalex.org/W3018268080","https://openalex.org/W3022998026","https://openalex.org/W3034066845","https://openalex.org/W3037496774","https://openalex.org/W3042389302","https://openalex.org/W3044698812","https://openalex.org/W3045824093","https://openalex.org/W3047445461","https://openalex.org/W3048501727","https://openalex.org/W3072187604","https://openalex.org/W3087743853","https://openalex.org/W3093918166","https://openalex.org/W3095034793","https://openalex.org/W3095066576","https://openalex.org/W3096071219","https://openalex.org/W3096938517","https://openalex.org/W3101782842","https://openalex.org/W3117605102","https://openalex.org/W3123173332","https://openalex.org/W3126619698","https://openalex.org/W3129057447","https://openalex.org/W3188548488","https://openalex.org/W3196149870","https://openalex.org/W3198956083","https://openalex.org/W3202743198","https://openalex.org/W3216077468","https://openalex.org/W4212905574","https://openalex.org/W4213327538","https://openalex.org/W4223936817","https://openalex.org/W4225487118","https://openalex.org/W4287832361","https://openalex.org/W4292828881","https://openalex.org/W4292865744","https://openalex.org/W4293919827","https://openalex.org/W4296449000","https://openalex.org/W4317808293","https://openalex.org/W4318225439","https://openalex.org/W4318577731","https://openalex.org/W4321098542","https://openalex.org/W4365511365","https://openalex.org/W4367837504","https://openalex.org/W4376874322","https://openalex.org/W4385618202","https://openalex.org/W4387356266","https://openalex.org/W4389113716","https://openalex.org/W4390914933","https://openalex.org/W4394724438","https://openalex.org/W4401368527","https://openalex.org/W4403409473","https://openalex.org/W4409263722","https://openalex.org/W4414842219","https://openalex.org/W6913202590","https://openalex.org/W7133264879"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2154603172","https://openalex.org/W1618910905","https://openalex.org/W2222240526","https://openalex.org/W95711886","https://openalex.org/W153070077","https://openalex.org/W4311811123","https://openalex.org/W4242984797","https://openalex.org/W2487202391","https://openalex.org/W4214754898","https://openalex.org/W4311453630"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Precise":[0],"and":[1,10,32,63,77],"reliable":[2],"climate":[3,8,30,45,131],"projections":[4,31,126],"are":[5],"required":[6,129],"for":[7,130],"adaptation":[9],"mitigation,":[11],"but":[12],"Earth":[13,74],"system":[14,75],"models":[15,76],"still":[16],"exhibit":[17],"great":[18],"uncertainties.":[19],"Several":[20],"approaches":[21,111],"have":[22],"been":[23],"developed":[24],"to":[25,60,83,109],"reduce":[26,84],"the":[27,39,44,65,80,85,95],"spread":[28,86],"of":[29,87,103],"feedbacks,":[33],"yet":[34],"those":[35],"methods":[36],"cannot":[37],"capture":[38],"nonlinear":[40],"complexity":[41],"inherent":[42],"in":[43,79,94],"system.":[46],"Using":[47],"a":[48],"Transfer":[49],"Learning":[50,56],"approach,":[51],"we":[52],"show":[53],"that":[54,115],"Machine":[55],"can":[57],"be":[58],"used":[59],"optimally":[61],"leverage":[62],"merge":[64],"knowledge":[66],"gained":[67],"from":[68],"global":[69,88],"temperature":[70,91,121],"maps":[71],"simulated":[72],"by":[73],"observed":[78],"historical":[81],"period":[82],"surface":[89],"air":[90],"fields":[92],"projected":[93],"21st":[96],"century.":[97],"We":[98],"reach":[99],"an":[100],"uncertainty":[101],"reduction":[102],"more":[104],"than":[105],"50%":[106],"with":[107,124],"respect":[108],"state-of-the-art":[110],"while":[112],"giving":[113],"evidence":[114],"our":[116],"method":[117],"provides":[118],"improved":[119],"regional":[120],"patterns":[122],"together":[123],"narrower":[125],"uncertainty,":[127],"urgently":[128],"adaptation.":[132]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
