{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385714583","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2308.03944","title":"GraPhSyM: Graph Physical Synthesis Model","display_name":"GraPhSyM: Graph Physical Synthesis Model","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385714583","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2308.03944"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2308.03944","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.03944","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2308.03944","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2308.03944","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074795127","display_name":"Ahmed Agiza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9547-5820"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Agiza, Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032799025","display_name":"Rajarshi Roy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4548-2114"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roy, Rajarshi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092622515","display_name":"Teodor Dumitru Ene","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ene, Teodor Dumitru","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076191186","display_name":"Saad Godil","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6469-2064"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Godil, Saad","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015719218","display_name":"Sherief Reda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8232-4516"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reda, Sherief","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066242985","display_name":"Bryan Catanzaro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0034-7728"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Catanzaro, Bryan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074795127"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11948","display_name":"Machine Learning in Materials Science","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11948","display_name":"Machine Learning in Materials Science","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11032","display_name":"VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/netlist","display_name":"Netlist","score":0.7711843252182007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7706714868545532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adder","display_name":"Adder","score":0.5755391120910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-level-synthesis","display_name":"High-level synthesis","score":0.5392611622810364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.5271360874176025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-design","display_name":"Physical design","score":0.5052774548530579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.4735768735408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logic-synthesis","display_name":"Logic synthesis","score":0.4388739764690399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.37433695793151855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.34731829166412354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.3325527310371399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3210482597351074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/circuit-design","display_name":"Circuit design","score":0.2987116873264313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logic-gate","display_name":"Logic gate","score":0.2446286976337433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.2086087465286255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.1781240999698639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.16573113203048706}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177650935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1760303","display_name":"Netlist","level":2,"score":0.7711843252182007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7706714868545532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164620267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376953","display_name":"Adder","level":3,"score":0.5755391120910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58013763","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5754574","display_name":"High-level synthesis","level":3,"score":0.5392611622810364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.5271360874176025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188817802","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13426855","display_name":"Physical design","level":3,"score":0.5052774548530579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.4735768735408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157922185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173198","display_name":"Logic synthesis","level":3,"score":0.4388739764690399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.37433695793151855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.34731829166412354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3325527310371399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3210482597351074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190560348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3245116","display_name":"Circuit design","level":2,"score":0.2987116873264313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131017901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170451","display_name":"Logic gate","level":2,"score":0.2446286976337433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.2086087465286255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.1781240999698639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.16573113203048706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2308.03944","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.03944","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2308.03944","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2308.03944","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2308.03944","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2308.03944","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.03944","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2308.03944","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.41999998688697815,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385714583.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385714583.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4245336546","https://openalex.org/W2038511870","https://openalex.org/W2037756218","https://openalex.org/W2123076670","https://openalex.org/W3129822007","https://openalex.org/W1941005775","https://openalex.org/W2543290882","https://openalex.org/W1964556228","https://openalex.org/W3143952996","https://openalex.org/W2030628830"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"work,":[2],"we":[3,149,178],"introduce":[4],"GraPhSyM,":[5],"a":[6,77,81,85,114,143,161,171,212],"Graph":[7],"Attention":[8],"Network":[9],"(GATv2)":[10],"model":[11,158,186],"for":[12,71,207,215,223],"fast":[13,144],"and":[14,22,63,92,108,135,219],"accurate":[15,34],"estimation":[16],"of":[17,36,80,100,116,139,153,173,183],"post-physical":[18],"synthesis":[19,27,53,102],"circuit":[20,28,82],"delay":[21,125,133,163,175],"area":[23,136],"metrics":[24,39,138,169],"from":[25,194],"pre-physical":[26],"netlists.":[29],"Once":[30],"trained,":[31],"GraPhSyM":[32,68,87,127,154,185,208],"provides":[33],"visibility":[35],"final":[37],"design":[38],"to":[40,96,165,209],"early":[41],"EDA":[42,73,224],"stages,":[43],"such":[44,104],"as":[45,84,105,211,220],"logic":[46],"synthesis,":[47],"without":[48],"running":[49],"the":[50,61,98,131,151,157,184,195,205],"slow":[51],"physical":[52,101],"flow,":[54],"enabling":[55],"global":[56],"co-optimization":[57],"across":[58],"stages.":[59],"Additionally,":[60],"swift":[62],"precise":[64],"feedback":[65],"provided":[66],"by":[67,155],"is":[69,189],"instrumental":[70],"machine-learning-based":[72],"optimization":[74,217],"frameworks.":[75,227],"Given":[76],"gate-level":[78],"netlist":[79],"represented":[83],"graph,":[86],"utilizes":[88],"graph":[89],"structure,":[90],"connectivity,":[91],"electrical":[93],"property":[94],"features":[95],"predict":[97,130],"impact":[99],"transformations":[103],"buffer":[106],"insertion":[107],"gate":[109],"sizing.":[110],"When":[111],"trained":[112,159,200],"on":[113,160,191],"dataset":[115],"6000":[117],"prefix":[118],"adder":[119],"designs":[120],"synthesized":[121],"at":[122,170],"an":[123,221],"aggressive":[124],"target,":[126],"can":[128],"accurately":[129,166],"post-synthesis":[132,168],"(98.3%)":[134],"(96.1%)":[137],"unseen":[140,174],"adders":[141,196],"with":[142],"0.22s":[145],"inference":[146],"time.":[147],"Furthermore,":[148],"illustrate":[150],"compositionality":[152],"employing":[156],"fixed":[162],"target":[164],"anticipate":[167],"variety":[172],"targets.":[176],"Lastly,":[177],"report":[179],"promising":[180],"generalization":[181],"capabilities":[182],"when":[187],"it":[188,197],"evaluated":[190],"circuits":[192],"different":[193],"was":[198],"exclusively":[199],"on.":[201],"The":[202],"results":[203],"show":[204],"potential":[206],"serve":[210],"powerful":[213],"tool":[214],"advanced":[216],"techniques":[218],"oracle":[222],"machine":[225],"learning":[226]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T06:51:31.235846","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
