{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4361020288","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2303.13899","title":"Robust Test-Time Adaptation in Dynamic Scenarios","display_name":"Robust Test-Time Adaptation in Dynamic Scenarios","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4361020288","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2303.13899"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2303.13899","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.13899","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2303.13899","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2303.13899","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036532990","display_name":"Longhui Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3237-8409"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuan, Longhui","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011303920","display_name":"Binhui Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7324-9777"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xie, Binhui","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108216312","display_name":"Shuang Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li, Shuang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036532990"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10378","display_name":"Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications","score":0.9431999921798706,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10378","display_name":"Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications","score":0.9431999921798706,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10821","display_name":"Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors","score":0.9132000207901001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8326666951179504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalization","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","score":0.7003995180130005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-stream-mining","display_name":"Data stream mining","score":0.5938436985015869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptation","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","score":0.5702798962593079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.5117523670196533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-data","display_name":"Test data","score":0.48399922251701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-stream","display_name":"Data stream","score":0.4672054648399353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.45414257049560547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scenario-testing","display_name":"Scenario testing","score":0.42108309268951416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample","display_name":"Sample (material)","score":0.41765764355659485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.41503891348838806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4130294620990753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.40712714195251465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.21270471811294556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.17509198188781738}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8326666951179504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136886441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926129","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.7003995180130005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89198739","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3079880","display_name":"Data stream mining","level":2,"score":0.5938436985015869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.5702798962593079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.5117523670196533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16910744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7705759","display_name":"Test data","level":2,"score":0.48399922251701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778484313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172540","display_name":"Data stream","level":2,"score":0.4672054648399353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.45414257049560547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80519477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3532236","display_name":"Scenario testing","level":3,"score":0.42108309268951416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.41765764355659485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.41503891348838806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4130294620990753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.40712714195251465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.21270471811294556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.17509198188781738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2303.13899","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.13899","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2303.13899","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2303.13899","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2303.13899","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2303.13899","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.13899","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2303.13899","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.4699999988079071}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G37568934","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4762857569","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61902028","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7726157001","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4361020288.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4361020288.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4389449520","https://openalex.org/W127192698","https://openalex.org/W2570600173","https://openalex.org/W2893008024","https://openalex.org/W2743735673","https://openalex.org/W4361801939","https://openalex.org/W2360131081","https://openalex.org/W2985941356","https://openalex.org/W2802243998","https://openalex.org/W1521014365"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Test-time":[0],"adaptation":[1,91,165],"(TTA)":[2],"intends":[3],"to":[4,9,81,120,131,142,176],"adapt":[5],"the":[6,20,58,63,83,86,105,122,144,167],"pretrained":[7],"model":[8,84],"test":[10,15,30,64,78],"distributions":[11],"with":[12,135,153],"only":[13],"unlabeled":[14],"data":[16,31,37,65,79,107,134,170],"streams.":[17,171],"Most":[18],"of":[19,51,137],"previous":[21],"TTA":[22],"methods":[23],"have":[24],"achieved":[25],"great":[26],"success":[27],"on":[28,85,166],"simple":[29],"streams":[32,80],"such":[33,76],"as":[34],"independently":[35],"sampled":[36,67,169],"from":[38],"single":[39],"or":[40],"multiple":[41],"distributions.":[42],"However,":[43],"these":[44],"attempts":[45],"may":[46],"fail":[47],"in":[48,109],"dynamic":[49],"scenarios":[50],"real-world":[52],"applications":[53],"like":[54],"autonomous":[55],"driving,":[56],"where":[57],"environments":[59],"gradually":[60],"change":[61],"and":[62,139],"is":[66,129,174,188],"correlatively":[68,168],"over":[69],"time.":[70],"In":[71],"this":[72],"work,":[73],"we":[74,96,113,147],"explore":[75],"practical":[77,89],"deploy":[82],"fly,":[87],"namely":[88],"test-time":[90],"(PTTA).":[92],"To":[93],"do":[94],"so,":[95],"elaborate":[97],"a":[98,115,126,149,154,180],"Robust":[99],"Test-Time":[100],"Adaptation":[101],"(RoTTA)":[102],"method":[103,173],"against":[104],"complex":[106],"stream":[108],"PTTA.":[110],"More":[111],"specifically,":[112],"present":[114],"robust":[116],"batch":[117],"normalization":[118,123],"scheme":[119],"estimate":[121],"statistics.":[124],"Meanwhile,":[125],"memory":[127],"bank":[128],"utilized":[130],"sample":[132],"category-balanced":[133],"consideration":[136],"timeliness":[138],"uncertainty.":[140],"Further,":[141],"stabilize":[143],"training":[145],"procedure,":[146],"develop":[148],"time-aware":[150],"reweighting":[151],"strategy":[152],"teacher-student":[155],"model.":[156],"Extensive":[157],"experiments":[158],"prove":[159],"that":[160],"RoTTA":[161],"enables":[162],"continual":[163],"testtime":[164],"Our":[172],"easy":[175],"implement,":[177],"making":[178],"it":[179],"good":[181],"choice":[182],"for":[183],"rapid":[184],"deployment.":[185],"The":[186],"code":[187],"publicly":[189],"available":[190],"at":[191],"https://github.com/BIT-DA/RoTTA":[192]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-16T08:26:57.006410","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}