{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4311723471","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2212.07489","title":"SMACv2: An Improved Benchmark for Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning","display_name":"SMACv2: An Improved Benchmark for Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-12-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4311723471","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2212.07489"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2212.07489","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2212.07489","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2212.07489","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2212.07489","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066273738","display_name":"Benjamin J. Ellis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6897-1303"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ellis, Benjamin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065374387","display_name":"Skander Moalla","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cook, Jonathan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016880022","display_name":"Mikayel Samvelyan","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Moalla, Skander","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101591811","display_name":"Mingfei Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5925-5425"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samvelyan, Mikayel","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103030202","display_name":"Anuj Mahajan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2229-5287"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sun, Mingfei","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059094093","display_name":"Jakob Foerster","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9688-2498"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahajan, Anuj","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056879203","display_name":"Shimon Whiteson","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Foerster, Jakob N.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Whiteson, Shimon","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Whiteson, Shimon","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066273738"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12535","display_name":"Machine Learning and Data Classification","score":0.9236000180244446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12794","display_name":"Adaptive Dynamic Programming Control","score":0.9165999889373779,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.9194415211677551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observability","display_name":"Observability","score":0.8299805521965027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.7924339771270752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7450019717216492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/testbed","display_name":"Testbed","score":0.6449142098426819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5404722094535828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5264747142791748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmarking","display_name":"Benchmarking","score":0.511539101600647}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.9194415211677551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36299963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1369844","display_name":"Observability","level":2,"score":0.8299805521965027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.7924339771270752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7450019717216492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31395832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318674","display_name":"Testbed","level":2,"score":0.6449142098426819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5404722094535828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5264747142791748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86251818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816754","display_name":"Benchmarking","level":2,"score":0.511539101600647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2212.07489","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2212.07489","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2212.07489","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire_cris_publications/52b5dcf1-9a8d-4605-b018-fe7f00abaf66","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/publications/52b5dcf1-9a8d-4605-b018-fe7f00abaf66","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400216","display_name":"Research Portal (King's College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","host_organization_name":"King's College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Ellis, B, Cook, J, Moalla, S, Samvelyan, M, Sun, M, Mahajan, A, Foerster, J N & Whiteson, S 2023 'SMACv2 : An Improved Benchmark for Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning' arXiv, pp. 1-27. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2212.07489","raw_type":"workingPaper"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2212.07489","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2212.07489","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2212.07489","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2212.07489","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2212.07489","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2046459260","https://openalex.org/W4238897586","https://openalex.org/W2765830098","https://openalex.org/W435179959","https://openalex.org/W2967463586","https://openalex.org/W2619091065","https://openalex.org/W1971989957","https://openalex.org/W2517338020","https://openalex.org/W3157641275","https://openalex.org/W2059640416"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"availability":[1],"of":[2,14,41,104,155,186,195,199],"challenging":[3],"benchmarks":[4],"has":[5,27],"played":[6],"a":[7,29,101],"key":[8],"role":[9],"in":[10,173],"the":[11,22,62,83,105,122,130,150,153,174,183,192],"recent":[12],"progress":[13],"machine":[15],"learning.":[16],"In":[17,51,72],"cooperative":[18],"multi-agent":[19],"reinforcement":[20],"learning,":[21],"StarCraft":[23],"Multi-Agent":[24],"Challenge":[25],"(SMAC)":[26],"become":[28],"popular":[30],"testbed":[31],"for":[32,90],"centralised":[33],"training":[34,200],"with":[35],"decentralised":[36],"execution.":[37],"However,":[38],"after":[39],"years":[40],"sustained":[42],"improvement":[43],"on":[44,82,162],"SMAC,":[45],"algorithms":[46,161],"now":[47],"achieve":[48,86],"near-perfect":[49],"performance.":[50],"this":[52,96],"work,":[53],"we":[54,74,98],"conduct":[55],"new":[56,102],"analysis":[57,178],"demonstrating":[58],"that":[59,76,146,166,180],"SMAC":[60,92,187],"lacks":[61],"stochasticity":[63],"and":[64,112,164,188],"partial":[65,132,142],"observability":[66,133],"to":[67,115,117,139],"require":[68,113],"complex":[69],"*closed-loop*":[70,156],"policies.":[71,157],"particular,":[73],"show":[75,145,165],"an":[77],"*open-loop*":[78],"policy":[79],"conditioned":[80],"only":[81],"timestep":[84],"can":[85,189],"non-trivial":[87],"win":[88],"rates":[89],"many":[91],"scenarios.":[93],"To":[94],"address":[95],"limitation,":[97],"introduce":[99,129],"SMACv2,":[100],"version":[103],"benchmark":[106,151,191],"where":[107],"scenarios":[108],"are":[109,201],"procedurally":[110],"generated":[111],"agents":[114],"generalise":[116],"previously":[118],"unseen":[119],"settings":[120],"(from":[121],"same":[123],"distribution)":[124],"during":[125],"evaluation.":[126],"We":[127,144,158],"also":[128],"extended":[131],"challenge":[134],"(EPO),":[135],"which":[136],"augments":[137],"SMACv2":[138,163,181],"ensure":[140,149],"meaningful":[141],"observability.":[143],"these":[147],"changes":[148],"requires":[152],"use":[154],"evaluate":[159],"state-of-the-art":[160],"it":[167],"presents":[168],"significant":[169],"challenges":[170],"not":[171],"present":[172],"original":[175],"benchmark.":[176],"Our":[177],"illustrates":[179],"addresses":[182],"discovered":[184],"deficiencies":[185],"help":[190],"next":[193],"generation":[194],"MARL":[196],"methods.":[197],"Videos":[198],"available":[202],"at":[203],"https://sites.google.com/view/smacv2.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T06:51:31.235846","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}