{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4281702688","doi":"https://doi.org/10.46586/tosc.v2022.i2.351-378","title":"More Inputs Makes Difference: Implementations of Linear Layers Using Gates with More Than Two Inputs","display_name":"More Inputs Makes Difference: Implementations of Linear Layers Using Gates with More Than Two Inputs","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4281702688","doi":"https://doi.org/10.46586/tosc.v2022.i2.351-378"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.46586/tosc.v2022.i2.351-378","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.46586/tosc.v2022.i2.351-378","pdf_url":"https://tosc.iacr.org/index.php/ToSC/article/download/9724/9252","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210236173","display_name":"IACR Transactions on Symmetric Cryptology","issn_l":"2519-173X","issn":["2519-173X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IACR Transactions on Symmetric Cryptology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://tosc.iacr.org/index.php/ToSC/article/download/9724/9252","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100426170","display_name":"Qun Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7000-1792"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132990","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Cryptology","ror":"https://ror.org/02pn5rj08","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qun Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Cryptologic Technology and Information Security, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China; School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China","Key Laboratory of Cryptologic Technology and Information Security, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China","School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Cryptologic Technology and Information Security, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China; School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Cryptologic Technology and Information Security, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990","https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100460456","display_name":"Weijia Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6982-2537"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132990","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Cryptology","ror":"https://ror.org/02pn5rj08","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weijia Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Cryptologic Technology and Information Security, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China; School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China","Key Laboratory of Cryptologic Technology and Information Security, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China","School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Cryptologic Technology and Information Security, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China; School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Cryptologic Technology and Information Security, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990","https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059481670","display_name":"L. Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7959-892X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132990","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Cryptology","ror":"https://ror.org/02pn5rj08","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ling Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Cryptologic Technology and Information Security, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China; School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China","School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China","Key Laboratory of Cryptologic Technology and Information Security, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Cryptologic Technology and Information Security, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China; School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Cryptologic Technology and Information Security, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990","https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101996761","display_name":"Yanhong Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7080-8615"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132990","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Cryptology","ror":"https://ror.org/02pn5rj08","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanhong Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Cryptologic Technology and Information Security, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China","School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Cryptologic Technology and Information Security, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990","https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059035031","display_name":"Lixuan Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5020-4363"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132990","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Cryptology","ror":"https://ror.org/02pn5rj08","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lixuan Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Cryptologic Technology and Information Security, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China; School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China","Key Laboratory of Cryptologic Technology and Information Security, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China","School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Cryptologic Technology and Information Security, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China; School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Cryptologic Technology and Information Security, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990","https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048972311","display_name":"Meiqin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1580-6544"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132990","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Cryptology","ror":"https://ror.org/02pn5rj08","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meiqin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Cryptologic Technology and Information Security, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China; School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China; Quan Cheng Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, China","Quan Cheng Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, China","School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China","Key Laboratory of Cryptologic Technology and Information Security, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Cryptologic Technology and Information Security, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China; School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China; Quan Cheng Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quan Cheng Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Cryptologic Technology and Information Security, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990","https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100426170"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455","https://openalex.org/I4210132990","https://openalex.org/I80143920"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8268,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77058446,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"351","last_page":"378"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11130","display_name":"Coding theory and cryptography","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11130","display_name":"Coding theory and cryptography","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9865999817848206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xor-gate","display_name":"XOR gate","score":0.8422828912734985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation","display_name":"Implementation","score":0.8063520193099976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6343491077423096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.6342822909355164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block-cipher","display_name":"Block cipher","score":0.5450986623764038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bitwise-operation","display_name":"Bitwise operation","score":0.5427977442741394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exclusive-or","display_name":"Exclusive or","score":0.45018470287323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.43828997015953064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logic-gate","display_name":"Logic gate","score":0.39425063133239746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3329656422138214}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28495749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q155516","display_name":"XOR gate","level":3,"score":0.8422828912734985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.8063520193099976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6343491077423096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.6342822909355164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106544461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q543151","display_name":"Block cipher","level":3,"score":0.5450986623764038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134765980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q879126","display_name":"Bitwise operation","level":2,"score":0.5427977442741394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35898486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q498186","display_name":"Exclusive or","level":3,"score":0.45018470287323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.43828997015953064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131017901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170451","display_name":"Logic gate","level":2,"score":0.39425063133239746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3329656422138214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.46586/tosc.v2022.i2.351-378","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.46586/tosc.v2022.i2.351-378","pdf_url":"https://tosc.iacr.org/index.php/ToSC/article/download/9724/9252","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210236173","display_name":"IACR Transactions on Symmetric Cryptology","issn_l":"2519-173X","issn":["2519-173X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IACR Transactions on Symmetric Cryptology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:87f65ee83d8d4481af1607ff3f319f5b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/87f65ee83d8d4481af1607ff3f319f5b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IACR Transactions on Symmetric Cryptology, Vol 2022, Iss 2 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.46586/tosc.v2022.i2.351-378","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.46586/tosc.v2022.i2.351-378","pdf_url":"https://tosc.iacr.org/index.php/ToSC/article/download/9724/9252","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210236173","display_name":"IACR Transactions on Symmetric Cryptology","issn_l":"2519-173X","issn":["2519-173X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IACR Transactions on Symmetric Cryptology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5600000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1023919524","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2405395114","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZR202010220025","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2541760351","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20201022","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2802911279","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Young","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2857074497","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZR202010220025","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3085993365","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(Grant No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4020255992","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Project","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4979479644","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFA070470","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5142255869","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021YFA1000600","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5249178904","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant No. 6","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5467697000","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62032014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5497752695","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021YFA1000600","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5653340552","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFA0704702","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G591479136","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZR2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6010153272","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61580082063088","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311026","funder_display_name":"Shandong University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6805594977","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"202010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7473187299","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62002204","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7653361959","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61580082063088","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7722147030","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62002204","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7726157001","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7735407926","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62032014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8955107213","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Major","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311026","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4281702688.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4281702688.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W17122945","https://openalex.org/W35428663","https://openalex.org/W163970851","https://openalex.org/W1489027369","https://openalex.org/W1499906440","https://openalex.org/W1525447969","https://openalex.org/W1569252980","https://openalex.org/W1894646615","https://openalex.org/W2003858108","https://openalex.org/W2063123613","https://openalex.org/W2116204329","https://openalex.org/W2149019291","https://openalex.org/W2169932713","https://openalex.org/W2293947265","https://openalex.org/W2504919933","https://openalex.org/W2594061018","https://openalex.org/W2782477046","https://openalex.org/W2886493169","https://openalex.org/W2919480248","https://openalex.org/W2950297715","https://openalex.org/W2995132763","https://openalex.org/W3046498207","https://openalex.org/W3120764528","https://openalex.org/W3162933802","https://openalex.org/W3168092484","https://openalex.org/W3217265137","https://openalex.org/W3217681002","https://openalex.org/W4206122404","https://openalex.org/W4213347158","https://openalex.org/W4220684665","https://openalex.org/W4246856544","https://openalex.org/W4248882369","https://openalex.org/W4251810237","https://openalex.org/W4256141437","https://openalex.org/W4289604192"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W264971478","https://openalex.org/W2362925226","https://openalex.org/W2350295618","https://openalex.org/W2167554282","https://openalex.org/W3185975600","https://openalex.org/W3193950766","https://openalex.org/W2083409928","https://openalex.org/W2785627314","https://openalex.org/W2404035422","https://openalex.org/W2383915326"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Lightweight":[0],"cryptography":[1,3],"ensures":[2],"applications":[4],"to":[5,31,48,71,129,153],"devices":[6],"with":[7,79,90,121,132,156,167],"limited":[8],"resources.":[9],"Low-area":[10],"implementations":[11,34,52,78,89,131,144,197],"of":[12,29,75,145],"linear":[13,41,146],"layers":[14,147],"usually":[15],"play":[16],"an":[17,119],"essential":[18],"role":[19],"in":[20,179],"lightweight":[21,201],"cryptography.":[22],"The":[23],"previous":[24,143,187],"works":[25],"have":[26],"provided":[27],"plenty":[28],"methods":[30],"generate":[32],"low-area":[33],"using":[35,53],"2-input":[36,122],"xor":[37,58,123,127,134,138,169],"gates":[38,84,124,128,135,170],"for":[39,50,104,148,171,198,214],"various":[40],"layers.":[42],"However,":[43],"it":[44],"is":[45,190,216],"still":[46],"challenging":[47],"search":[49,102,158],"smaller":[51],"two":[54],"or":[55],"more":[56],"inputs":[57],"gates.":[59,92],"This":[60],"paper,":[61],"inspired":[62],"by":[63,204,218],"Banik":[64],"et":[65,206],"al.,":[66],"proposes":[67],"a":[68,73,164],"novel":[69,96],"approach":[70],"construct":[72],"quantity":[74],"lower":[76],"area":[77,155,213],"(n":[80],"+":[81],"1)-":[82],"input":[83],"based":[85],"on":[86,94,221],"the":[87,95,100,142,154,180,186,212],"given":[88],"n-input":[91],"Based":[93],"algorithm,":[97],"we":[98,115,162,194],"present":[99],"corresponding":[101],"algorithms":[103],"n":[105,109],"=":[106,110],"2":[107],"and":[108,125,136,211],"3,":[111],"which":[112,174],"means":[113],"that":[114],"can":[116],"efficiently":[117],"convert":[118],"implementation":[120,166],"3-input":[126,133],"lower-area":[130],"4-input":[137,168],"gates,":[139],"respectively.We":[140],"improve":[141],"many":[149],"block":[150],"ciphers":[151],"according":[152],"these":[157],"algorithms.":[159],"For":[160],"example,":[161],"achieve":[163],"better":[165,196],"AES":[172],"MixColumns,":[173],"only":[175],"requires":[176],"243":[177],"GE":[178],"STM":[181],"130":[182],"nm":[183],"library,":[184],"while":[185],"public":[188],"result":[189],"258.9":[191],"GE.":[192],"Besides,":[193],"obtain":[195],"all":[199],"5500":[200],"matrices":[202],"proposed":[203],"Li":[205],"al.":[207],"at":[208],"FSE":[209],"2019,":[210],"them":[215],"decreased":[217],"about":[219],"21%":[220],"average.":[222]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-18T14:38:29.013473","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
