{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411157337","doi":"https://doi.org/10.46586/tches.v2025.i3.493-515","title":"Accelerating EdDSA Signature Verification with Faster Scalar Size Halving","display_name":"Accelerating EdDSA Signature Verification with Faster Scalar Size Halving","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411157337","doi":"https://doi.org/10.46586/tches.v2025.i3.493-515"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.46586/tches.v2025.i3.493-515","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.46586/tches.v2025.i3.493-515","pdf_url":"https://tosc.iacr.org/index.php/TCHES/article/download/12225/12032","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207404","display_name":"IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems","issn_l":"2569-2925","issn":["2569-2925"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://tosc.iacr.org/index.php/TCHES/article/download/12225/12032","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041817193","display_name":"Muhammad ElSheikh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3678-6140"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124755","display_name":"National Institute of Standards","ror":"https://ror.org/02zftm050","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124755"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143517","display_name":"National Water Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04320xd69","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180606324","https://openalex.org/I4210143517"]}],"countries":["CA","EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad ElSheikh","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada; National Institute of Standards, Giza, Egypt","National Institute of Standards, Giza, Egypt","University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada; National Institute of Standards, Giza, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124755","https://openalex.org/I4210143517"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Standards, Giza, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124755"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021053578","display_name":"\u0130rem Keskinkurt Paksoy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2529-1150"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u0130rem Keskinkurt Paksoy","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009945678","display_name":"Murat Cenk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4941-8734"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154995","display_name":"Ripple (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrwve30","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154995"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Murat Cenk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ripple Labs Inc., San Francisco, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ripple Labs Inc., San Francisco, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154995"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036336659","display_name":"M. Anwar Hasan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Anwar Hasan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.05657459,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2025","issue":"3","first_page":"493","last_page":"515"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9588000178337097,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9588000178337097,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9235000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9059000015258789,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signature","display_name":"Signature (topology)","score":0.6008628010749817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalar","display_name":"Scalar (mathematics)","score":0.42243924736976624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4214118421077728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4186481833457947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.362724244594574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3395848274230957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.10355767607688904}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779696439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512811","display_name":"Signature (topology)","level":2,"score":0.6008628010749817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57691317","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1289248","display_name":"Scalar (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.42243924736976624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4214118421077728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4186481833457947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.362724244594574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3395848274230957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.10355767607688904}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.46586/tches.v2025.i3.493-515","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.46586/tches.v2025.i3.493-515","pdf_url":"https://tosc.iacr.org/index.php/TCHES/article/download/12225/12032","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207404","display_name":"IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems","issn_l":"2569-2925","issn":["2569-2925"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:80437d97b80d4a0ba904e6076e05037f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/80437d97b80d4a0ba904e6076e05037f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems, Vol 2025, Iss 3 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.46586/tches.v2025.i3.493-515","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.46586/tches.v2025.i3.493-515","pdf_url":"https://tosc.iacr.org/index.php/TCHES/article/download/12225/12032","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207404","display_name":"IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems","issn_l":"2569-2925","issn":["2569-2925"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411157337.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411157337.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2935759653","https://openalex.org/W3105167352","https://openalex.org/W54078636","https://openalex.org/W2954470139","https://openalex.org/W1501425562","https://openalex.org/W2902782467","https://openalex.org/W3084825885","https://openalex.org/W2298861036","https://openalex.org/W2271181815"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"establishes":[2],"that":[3,48,85],"the":[4,17,31,37,66,120],"extended":[5],"Euclidean":[6],"algorithm":[7,19],"(EEA)":[8],"implemented":[9],"in":[10,36,63],"a":[11,21,88,99],"division-free":[12],"manner":[13],"is":[14],"faster":[15],"than":[16,130],"Lagrange":[18],"with":[20,104],"similar":[22],"level":[23],"of":[24,33,39,78,110],"optimization":[25],"when":[26],"it":[27],"comes":[28],"to":[29,107,119],"halving":[30],"size":[32,60,140],"scalars":[34,61,73,106],"found":[35],"equations":[38],"elliptic":[40],"curve":[41],"signature":[42],"verification.":[43],"Our":[44],"implementation":[45],"results":[46,84],"show":[47],"our":[49,133],"EEA":[50,70],"based":[51],"method":[52,102,125,134],"achieves":[53,135],"roughly":[54],"4x":[55],"speed-up":[56],"for":[57,76,113,126,138],"generating":[58],"half-":[59],"used":[62,75],"EdDSA.":[64],"For":[65],"first":[67],"time":[68],"ever,":[69],"generated":[71],"half-size":[72,105],"are":[74],"verification":[77,109],"individual":[79],"Ed25519":[80,111],"signatures":[81,112],"yielding":[82],"timing":[83],"outperform":[86],"ed25519-donna,":[87],"highly":[89],"optimized":[90],"open":[91],"source":[92],"implementation,":[93],"by":[94],"16.12%.":[95],"We":[96],"also":[97],"propose":[98],"new":[100],"randomization":[101],"applied":[103],"batch":[108,127,139],"which":[114],"we":[115],"report":[116],"speed-ups":[117],"compared":[118],"well-known":[121],"Bernstein":[122],"et":[123],"al.":[124],"sizes":[128],"larger":[129],"six,":[131],"specifically,":[132],"11.60%":[136],"improvement":[137],"64.":[141]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}