{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386328278","doi":"https://doi.org/10.46586/tches.v2023.i4.367-392","title":"Loop Aborts Strike Back: Defeating Fault Countermeasures in Lattice Signatures with ILP","display_name":"Loop Aborts Strike Back: Defeating Fault Countermeasures in Lattice Signatures with ILP","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386328278","doi":"https://doi.org/10.46586/tches.v2023.i4.367-392"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.46586/tches.v2023.i4.367-392","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.46586/tches.v2023.i4.367-392","pdf_url":"https://tches.iacr.org/index.php/TCHES/article/download/11170/10609","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207404","display_name":"IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems","issn_l":"2569-2925","issn":["2569-2925"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://tches.iacr.org/index.php/TCHES/article/download/11170/10609","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086828434","display_name":"Vincent Ulitzsch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7967-2103"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vincent Quentin Ulitzsch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052881645","display_name":"Soundes Marzougui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2191-172X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117275","display_name":"STMicroelectronics (Belgium)","ror":"https://ror.org/02km85a12","country_code":"BE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131827901","https://openalex.org/I4210117275"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["BE","DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Soundes Marzougui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; STMicroelectronics, Diegem, Belgium","Technical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany","STMicroelectronics, Diegem, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; STMicroelectronics, Diegem, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117275"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"STMicroelectronics, Diegem, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117275"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092724668","display_name":"Alexis Bagia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexis Bagia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082427466","display_name":"Mehdi Tibouchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2736-2963"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mehdi Tibouchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["NTT Social Informatics Laboratories, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NTT Social Informatics Laboratories, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001159554","display_name":"Jean\u2010Pierre Seifert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5372-4825"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133470","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Secure Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03qt2gs44","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133470","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean-Pierre Seifert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Secure Information Technology, Darmstadt, Germany","Fraunhofer Institute for Secure Information Technology, Darmstadt, Germany","Technical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Secure Information Technology, Darmstadt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133470"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Secure Information Technology, Darmstadt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133470"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6911,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86183426,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"367","last_page":"392"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9879000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9879000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9491999745368958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6730905175209045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signature","display_name":"Signature (topology)","score":0.4879905581474304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.4726485311985016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abort","display_name":"Abort","score":0.4220174551010132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.33022016286849976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2671196162700653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.22966593503952026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.09957855939865112}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6730905175209045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779696439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512811","display_name":"Signature (topology)","level":2,"score":0.4879905581474304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4726485311985016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777549182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15117556","display_name":"Abort","level":2,"score":0.4220174551010132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.33022016286849976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2671196162700653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.22966593503952026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.09957855939865112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.46586/tches.v2023.i4.367-392","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.46586/tches.v2023.i4.367-392","pdf_url":"https://tches.iacr.org/index.php/TCHES/article/download/11170/10609","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207404","display_name":"IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems","issn_l":"2569-2925","issn":["2569-2925"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:cb59a30ade1e4f2b8a025a00e32e2561","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/cb59a30ade1e4f2b8a025a00e32e2561","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems, Vol 2023, Iss 4 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/466948","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/466948","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.46586/tches.v2023.i4.367-392","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.46586/tches.v2023.i4.367-392","pdf_url":"https://tches.iacr.org/index.php/TCHES/article/download/11170/10609","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207404","display_name":"IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems","issn_l":"2569-2925","issn":["2569-2925"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.4099999964237213,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2295054390","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"6G-RIC","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2333310010","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"16KISK030","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/04pz7b180"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331447","display_name":"Berlin University Alliance","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386328278.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W29626722","https://openalex.org/W1506156414","https://openalex.org/W1589034595","https://openalex.org/W1881694999","https://openalex.org/W2072710859","https://openalex.org/W2122742911","https://openalex.org/W2155998973","https://openalex.org/W2552357046","https://openalex.org/W2560054270","https://openalex.org/W2578021477","https://openalex.org/W2587454507","https://openalex.org/W2620720392","https://openalex.org/W2752061190","https://openalex.org/W2814895833","https://openalex.org/W2894517745","https://openalex.org/W2898218073","https://openalex.org/W2898787455","https://openalex.org/W2950188425","https://openalex.org/W2953693720","https://openalex.org/W2965935173","https://openalex.org/W2968289027","https://openalex.org/W2981113171","https://openalex.org/W2982169647","https://openalex.org/W3101479050","https://openalex.org/W3159258450","https://openalex.org/W3166957364","https://openalex.org/W3216842157","https://openalex.org/W4229637647","https://openalex.org/W4294326140","https://openalex.org/W4313013401","https://openalex.org/W4385327521"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2329452785","https://openalex.org/W2356380379","https://openalex.org/W2413467815","https://openalex.org/W2363925233","https://openalex.org/W2366284060","https://openalex.org/W1794016765","https://openalex.org/W2391464953","https://openalex.org/W2551386157","https://openalex.org/W2012842278","https://openalex.org/W2386767533"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"At":[0],"SAC":[1],"2016,":[2],"Espitau":[3,302],"et":[4,303],"al.":[5,304],"presented":[6],"a":[7,96,137,174,179,195,241],"loop-abort":[8,98],"fault":[9,99,290],"attack":[10,22,101,129,171,177,224,271,280],"against":[11,102,178,225,273,289],"lattice-based":[12,106,287],"signature":[13,208],"schemes":[14],"following":[15],"the":[16,24,31,34,58,61,72,111,119,159,167,183,223,251,297],"Fiat\u2013Shamir":[17,103,284],"with":[18,104,285],"aborts":[19,105,286],"paradigm.":[20],"Their":[21],"recovered":[23],"signing":[25],"key":[26,113,125,161,198,234],"by":[27,172,301],"injecting":[28],"faults":[29],"in":[30,65,75,163,200,236],"sampling":[32,59],"of":[33,60,63,79,89,127,141,169,182,222,245,250,253,264,277],"commitment":[35],"vector":[36],"(also":[37],"called":[38],"masking":[39,73],"vector)":[40],"y,":[41],"leaving":[42],"its":[43,261],"coefficients":[44,62,252],"at":[45,260],"their":[46],"initial":[47,262],"zero":[48],"value.":[49],"As":[50],"possible":[51],"countermeasures,":[52],"they":[53],"proposed":[54,120,300],"to":[55,69,136],"carry":[56],"out":[57,257],"y":[64,76,254],"shuffled":[66,180],"order,":[67],"or":[68],"ensure":[70],"that":[71,87,108,131,157,229,269,282],"polynomials":[74],"are":[77,92,122],"not":[78],"low":[80],"degree.":[81],"In":[82,215],"this":[83],"paper,":[84],"we":[85,217,267],"show":[86],"both":[88],"these":[90],"countermeasures":[91,121,299],"insufficient.":[93],"We":[94,151,193,227],"demonstrate":[95],"new":[97],"injection":[100,291],"signatures":[107,116,133,246,288],"can":[109,144,232],"recover":[110],"secret":[112,160],"from":[114],"faulty":[115],"even":[117],"when":[118],"implemented.":[123],"The":[124],"idea":[126],"our":[128,170,230,270],"is":[130,255],"faulted":[132,213],"give":[134],"rise":[135],"noisy":[138],"linear":[139,149,155],"system":[140],"equations,":[142],"which":[143],"be":[145,294],"solved":[146],"using":[147,210,296],"integer":[148,154],"programming.":[150],"present":[152],"an":[153,189],"program":[156],"recovers":[158],"efficiently":[162],"practice,":[164],"and":[165,305],"validate":[166],"efficacy":[168],"conducting":[173],"practical":[175],"end-to-end":[176],"version":[181],"Dilithium":[184],"reference":[185],"implementation,":[186],"mounted":[187],"on":[188],"ARM":[190],"Cortex":[191],"M4.":[192],"achieve":[194,233],"full":[196],"(equivalent)":[197],"recovery":[199,235],"under":[201,237],"3":[202],"minutes":[203,239],"total":[204],"execution":[205],"time":[206],"(including":[207],"generation),":[209],"only":[211],"5":[212,238],"signatures.":[214],"addition,":[216],"conduct":[218],"extensive":[219],"theoretical":[220],"simulations":[221],"Dilithium.":[226,278],"find":[228,268],"method":[231],"given":[240],"(sufficiently":[242],"large)":[243],"set":[244],"where":[247],"just":[248],"one":[249],"zeroed":[256],"(or":[258],"left":[259],"value":[263],"zero).":[265],"Furthermore,":[266],"works":[272],"all":[274],"security":[275],"levels":[276],"Our":[279],"shows":[281],"protecting":[283],"attacks":[292],"cannot":[293],"achieved":[295],"simple":[298],"likely":[306],"requires":[307],"significantly":[308],"more":[309],"expensive":[310],"countermeasures.":[311]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
