{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3157943737","doi":"https://doi.org/10.46586/tches.v2022.i1.175-220","title":"MIRACLE: MIcRo-ArChitectural Leakage Evaluation","display_name":"MIRACLE: MIcRo-ArChitectural Leakage Evaluation","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3157943737","doi":"https://doi.org/10.46586/tches.v2022.i1.175-220","mag":"3157943737"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.46586/tches.v2022.i1.175-220","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.46586/tches.v2022.i1.175-220","pdf_url":"https://tches.iacr.org/index.php/TCHES/article/download/9294/8860","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207404","display_name":"IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems","issn_l":"2569-2925","issn":["2569-2925"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://tches.iacr.org/index.php/TCHES/article/download/9294/8860","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113496537","display_name":"Ben Marshall","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ben Marshall","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Bristol, Merchant Venturers Building, Woodland Road, Bristol, BS8 1UB, UK; PQShield Ltd, Oxford, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Bristol, Merchant Venturers Building, Woodland Road, Bristol, BS8 1UB, UK; PQShield Ltd, Oxford, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035761652","display_name":"Dan Page","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dan Page","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Bristol, Merchant Venturers Building, Woodland Road, Bristol, BS8 1UB, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Bristol, Merchant Venturers Building, Woodland Road, Bristol, BS8 1UB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058823562","display_name":"J.H. Webb","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Webb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Bristol, Merchant Venturers Building, Woodland Road, Bristol, BS8 1UB, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Bristol, Merchant Venturers Building, Woodland Road, Bristol, BS8 1UB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5113496537"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.383,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.46255772,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"2021","issue":null,"first_page":"175","last_page":"220"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10132","display_name":"Advanced ceramic materials synthesis","score":0.5789999961853027,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2503","display_name":"Ceramics and Composites"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10132","display_name":"Advanced ceramic materials synthesis","score":0.5789999961853027,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2503","display_name":"Ceramics and Composites"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/miracle","display_name":"Miracle","score":0.7461342811584473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leakage","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","score":0.6247879862785339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5564831495285034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3424115478992462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.10741481184959412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.0975722074508667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keynesian-economics","display_name":"Keynesian economics","score":0.08378162980079651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theology","display_name":"Theology","score":0.050869643688201904}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778875440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170774","display_name":"Miracle","level":2,"score":0.7461342811584473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777042071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6509304","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","level":2,"score":0.6247879862785339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5564831495285034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3424115478992462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.10741481184959412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0975722074508667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165556158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83937","display_name":"Keynesian economics","level":1,"score":0.08378162980079651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27206212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178","display_name":"Theology","level":1,"score":0.050869643688201904}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.46586/tches.v2022.i1.175-220","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.46586/tches.v2022.i1.175-220","pdf_url":"https://tches.iacr.org/index.php/TCHES/article/download/9294/8860","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207404","display_name":"IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems","issn_l":"2569-2925","issn":["2569-2925"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research-information.bris.ac.uk:openaire/71c51f75-fc38-49ad-a02e-a1ba655923d6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/71c51f75-fc38-49ad-a02e-a1ba655923d6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400895","display_name":"Bristol Research (University of Bristol)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","host_organization_name":"University of Bristol","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Marshall, B, Page, D & Webb, J 2021, 'MIRACLE: MIcRo-ArChitectural Leakage Evaluation', IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems (TCHES), vol. 2022, no. 1, pp. 175--220. https://doi.org/10.46586/tches.v2022.i1.175-220","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"mag:3157943737","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprint.iacr.org/2021/261.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764847869","display_name":"IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614454"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cryptology ePrint Archive"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1f852e29b3fb4094be3b5a0da3797f2e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1f852e29b3fb4094be3b5a0da3797f2e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems, Vol 2022, Iss 1 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.46586/tches.v2022.i1.175-220","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.46586/tches.v2022.i1.175-220","pdf_url":"https://tches.iacr.org/index.php/TCHES/article/download/9294/8860","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207404","display_name":"IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems","issn_l":"2569-2925","issn":["2569-2925"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6764605470","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/R012288/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7266967898","display_name":"SCARV: a side-channel hardened RISC-V platform","funder_award_id":"EP/R012288/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3157943737.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3157943737.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W236432643","https://openalex.org/W802019357","https://openalex.org/W1511843316","https://openalex.org/W1519539754","https://openalex.org/W1562542037","https://openalex.org/W1565757145","https://openalex.org/W1796231437","https://openalex.org/W2037844954","https://openalex.org/W2154909745","https://openalex.org/W2161740631","https://openalex.org/W2399542024","https://openalex.org/W2562036180","https://openalex.org/W2571958015","https://openalex.org/W2589044858","https://openalex.org/W2621165181","https://openalex.org/W2745693247","https://openalex.org/W2785905327","https://openalex.org/W2794921443","https://openalex.org/W2795180100","https://openalex.org/W2809909270","https://openalex.org/W2888014022","https://openalex.org/W2890909432","https://openalex.org/W2900479912","https://openalex.org/W2942216431","https://openalex.org/W2945461167","https://openalex.org/W2965490961","https://openalex.org/W2972962130","https://openalex.org/W2989659803","https://openalex.org/W3009379283","https://openalex.org/W3022378354","https://openalex.org/W3032645156","https://openalex.org/W3037092799","https://openalex.org/W3096662874","https://openalex.org/W3096767560","https://openalex.org/W3157943737","https://openalex.org/W3186788923","https://openalex.org/W3197327508","https://openalex.org/W4230867212","https://openalex.org/W4236936690","https://openalex.org/W4240560709","https://openalex.org/W4250889744","https://openalex.org/W4251742697","https://openalex.org/W4289670921"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2349748985","https://openalex.org/W2349127917","https://openalex.org/W2491613170","https://openalex.org/W3020996179","https://openalex.org/W1627959206","https://openalex.org/W1490621610","https://openalex.org/W3121666182"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,28,109,153,175,196],"describe":[4],"an":[5,91],"extensible":[6],"experimental":[7,145],"infrastructure":[8],"for":[9,72,144,227],"evaluating":[10],"the":[11,66,103,123,163,188,198,220,223],"micro-architectural":[12,67],"leakage,":[13],"based":[14],"on":[15,25,157],"power":[16],"consumption,":[17],"that":[18,177,203],"stems":[19],"from":[20,63],"a":[21,51,115,159,167],"physical":[22],"device.":[23],"Building":[24],"existing":[26,205],"literature,":[27],"use":[29,70],"it":[30],"to":[31,58,74,84,121,151,173,194,209],"systematically":[32],"study":[33,49,105],"14":[34],"different":[35,40,46,98],"devices,":[36],"which":[37],"span":[38],"4":[39,45],"instruction":[41,86],"set":[42],"architectures":[43],"and":[44,76,88,113,126,138],"vendors.":[47],"The":[48],"allows":[50],"characterisation":[52],"of":[53,106,117,134,141,201,222],"each":[54],"device":[55,161,181],"with":[56,119],"respect":[57,120],"any":[59],"leakage":[60,80,94,136,182],"effects":[61,81],"stemming":[62],"sources":[64],"within":[65],"implementation.":[68],"We":[69],"it,":[71],"example,":[73,148],"identify":[75],"document":[77],"several":[78],"novel":[79],"(e.g.,":[82],"due":[83],"speculative":[85],"execution),":[87],"scenarios":[89],"where":[90],"assumption":[92],"about":[93,187],"is":[95,102,207,216],"non-portable":[96],"between":[97],"yet":[99],"compatible":[100],"devices.Ours":[101],"widest":[104],"its":[107],"kind":[108],"are":[110],"aware":[111],"of,":[112,128],"highlights":[114],"range":[116],"challenges":[118],"1)":[122],"design,":[124],"implementation,":[125],"evaluation":[127],"e.g.,":[129],"masking":[130,169],"schemes,":[131],"2)":[132],"construction":[133],"accurate":[135],"models,":[137],"3)":[139],"selection":[140],"suitable":[142],"devices":[143,202],"research.":[146],"For":[147],"in":[149,171,192,219],"relation":[150,172,193],"1),":[152],"cast":[154],"further":[155],"doubt":[156],"whether":[158],"given":[160,168],"upholds":[162],"assumptions":[164],"required":[165],"by":[166],"scheme;":[170],"2),":[174],"conclude":[176],"(statistical":[178],"or":[179],"formal)":[180],"models":[183],"must":[184],"include":[185],"information":[186],"micro-architecture":[189],"being":[190],"modelled;":[191],"3),":[195],"claim":[197],"near":[199],"mono-culture":[200],"dominates":[204],"literature":[206],"insufficient":[208],"support":[210],"general":[211],"claims":[212],"regarding":[213],"leakage.":[214],"This":[215],"particularly":[217],"important":[218],"context":[221],"FIPS":[224],"140-3":[225],"standard":[226],"non-invasive":[228],"side-channel":[229],"evaluation.":[230]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
