{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2038099323","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jskd.2011040105","title":"Balancing McLuhan With Williams","display_name":"Balancing McLuhan With Williams","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2038099323","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jskd.2011040105","mag":"2038099323"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4018/jskd.2011040105","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jskd.2011040105","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S177842713","display_name":"International Journal of Sociotechnology and Knowledge Development","issn_l":"1941-6253","issn":["1941-6253","1941-6261"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Sociotechnology and Knowledge Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086834056","display_name":"Liza Potts","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4207-6583"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138378","display_name":"Dominion (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/038q98v71","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210138378"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I81365321","display_name":"Old Dominion University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zjtrb98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I81365321"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Liza Potts","raw_affiliation_strings":["Old Dominion University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Old Dominion University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138378","https://openalex.org/I81365321"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5086834056"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138378","https://openalex.org/I81365321"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.23868213,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"2","first_page":"53","last_page":"57"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13317","display_name":"Media, Communication, and Education","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13317","display_name":"Media, Communication, and Education","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14114","display_name":"Digital Media and Philosophy","score":0.9004999995231628,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/criticism","display_name":"Criticism","score":0.7394447922706604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agency","display_name":"Agency (philosophy)","score":0.7276359796524048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.624052107334137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6156546473503113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.5341156125068665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enforcement","display_name":"Enforcement","score":0.529623806476593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflection","display_name":"Reflection (computer programming)","score":0.5041309595108032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.4671567976474762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.4204041659832001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/media-studies","display_name":"Media studies","score":0.3663260340690613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-science","display_name":"Social science","score":0.32025593519210815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.253756046295166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.2502164840698242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.20521500706672668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history","display_name":"History","score":0.15921944379806519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1558694839477539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.12396848201751709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.10796070098876953}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7991579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17955","display_name":"Criticism","level":2,"score":0.7394447922706604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108170787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3951828","display_name":"Agency (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.7276359796524048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.624052107334137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6156546473503113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.5341156125068665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779777834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4202277","display_name":"Enforcement","level":2,"score":0.529623806476593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65682993","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056451","display_name":"Reflection (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.5041309595108032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.4671567976474762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4204041659832001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29595303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165650","display_name":"Media studies","level":1,"score":0.3663260340690613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.32025593519210815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.253756046295166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2502164840698242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.20521500706672668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.15921944379806519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1558694839477539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.12396848201751709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.10796070098876953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4018/jskd.2011040105","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jskd.2011040105","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S177842713","display_name":"International Journal of Sociotechnology and Knowledge Development","issn_l":"1941-6253","issn":["1941-6253","1941-6261"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Sociotechnology and Knowledge Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:igg:jskd00:v:3:y:2011:i:2:p:53-57","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://services.igi-global.com/resolvedoi/resolve.aspx?doi=10.4018/jskd.2011040105","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W101943808","https://openalex.org/W630141320","https://openalex.org/W1511154379","https://openalex.org/W1748753511","https://openalex.org/W1971530845","https://openalex.org/W2015160078","https://openalex.org/W2300567117","https://openalex.org/W2496833297","https://openalex.org/W2511408178","https://openalex.org/W2622928986","https://openalex.org/W2935829461","https://openalex.org/W3162948691","https://openalex.org/W4241670658","https://openalex.org/W4249468477","https://openalex.org/W4323341324","https://openalex.org/W4414174903"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4242379013","https://openalex.org/W2383040752","https://openalex.org/W2367803231","https://openalex.org/W4283259377","https://openalex.org/W2062252687","https://openalex.org/W2022848510","https://openalex.org/W1532027617","https://openalex.org/W2393711885","https://openalex.org/W2370863713","https://openalex.org/W2386683988"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"article":[1],"titled":[2],"\u201cRealising":[3],"Virtual":[4],"Reality:":[5],"A":[6,26],"Reflection":[7],"on":[8,20],"the":[9,21,30,49],"Continuing":[10],"Evolution":[11],"of":[12,23,29,41,51,68],"New":[13],"Media,\u201d":[14],"presented":[15],"a":[16,64],"technological":[17,31,78],"deterministic":[18,32],"analysis":[19],"evolution":[22],"virtual":[24],"reality.":[25],"major":[27],"criticism":[28],"viewpoint":[33,67],"is":[34],"that":[35],"it":[36],"does":[37],"not":[38],"consider":[39],"context":[40],"use":[42,75],"and":[43,54],"human":[44],"agency.":[45],"Looking":[46],"specifically":[47],"at":[48],"work":[50],"Raymond":[52],"Williams":[53],"other":[55],"British":[56],"Cultural":[57],"Studies":[58],"researchers,":[59],"this":[60],"response":[61],"argues":[62],"for":[63],"more":[65,71],"balanced":[66],"technology,":[69],"determined":[70],"so":[72],"by":[73,77],"cultural":[74],"than":[76],"enforcement.":[79]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}