{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1984523156","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jhisi.2009010102","title":"Evaluation Challenges for Bridging Semantic Gap","display_name":"Evaluation Challenges for Bridging Semantic Gap","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1984523156","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jhisi.2009010102","mag":"1984523156"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4018/jhisi.2009010102","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jhisi.2009010102","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S139009114","display_name":"International Journal of Healthcare Information Systems and Informatics","issn_l":"1555-3396","issn":["1555-3396","1555-340X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Healthcare Information Systems and Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029213666","display_name":"William H. Horsthemke","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118353179","display_name":"DePaul University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xtx5t16","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118353179"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"William H. Horsthemke","raw_affiliation_strings":["DePaul University, USA","DePaul University, USA,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DePaul University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118353179"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DePaul University, USA,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118353179"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005267835","display_name":"Daniela Raicu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2165-7234"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118353179","display_name":"DePaul University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xtx5t16","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118353179"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniela S. Raicu","raw_affiliation_strings":["DePaul University, USA","DePaul University, USA,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DePaul University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118353179"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DePaul University, USA,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118353179"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001027068","display_name":"Jacob Furst","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118353179","display_name":"DePaul University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xtx5t16","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118353179"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacob D. Furst","raw_affiliation_strings":["DePaul University, USA","DePaul University, USA,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DePaul University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118353179"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DePaul University, USA,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118353179"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029213666"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118353179"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.481,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81226167,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"1","first_page":"17","last_page":"33"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bridging","display_name":"Bridging (networking)","score":0.8305088877677917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7991262078285217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usable","display_name":"USable","score":0.7756679058074951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-gap","display_name":"Semantic gap","score":0.7570707201957703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-truth","display_name":"Ground truth","score":0.523687481880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.5162867903709412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine-indexing","display_name":"Search engine indexing","score":0.5115107297897339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-retrieval","display_name":"Image retrieval","score":0.46829456090927124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4212232828140259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3749786615371704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.30577871203422546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.0966038703918457}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174348530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188635","display_name":"Bridging (networking)","level":2,"score":0.8305088877677917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7991262078285217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780615836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2471869","display_name":"USable","level":2,"score":0.7756679058074951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86034646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q474311","display_name":"Semantic gap","level":4,"score":0.7570707201957703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146849305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370766","display_name":"Ground truth","level":2,"score":0.523687481880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.5162867903709412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75165309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2258979","display_name":"Search engine indexing","level":2,"score":0.5115107297897339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1667742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10927554","display_name":"Image retrieval","level":3,"score":0.46829456090927124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4212232828140259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3749786615371704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.30577871203422546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.0966038703918457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4018/jhisi.2009010102","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jhisi.2009010102","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S139009114","display_name":"International Journal of Healthcare Information Systems and Informatics","issn_l":"1555-3396","issn":["1555-3396","1555-340X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Healthcare Information Systems and Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:igg:jhisi0:v:4:y:2009:i:1:p:17-33","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://services.igi-global.com/resolvedoi/resolve.aspx?doi=10.4018/jhisi.2009010102","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W96995336","https://openalex.org/W177004468","https://openalex.org/W1570448133","https://openalex.org/W1964100346","https://openalex.org/W1965436314","https://openalex.org/W1973667550","https://openalex.org/W1989792006","https://openalex.org/W2001656866","https://openalex.org/W2008917955","https://openalex.org/W2017352979","https://openalex.org/W2033382717","https://openalex.org/W2043959231","https://openalex.org/W2046811610","https://openalex.org/W2057070716","https://openalex.org/W2061042678","https://openalex.org/W2078450095","https://openalex.org/W2092476803","https://openalex.org/W2096044872","https://openalex.org/W2097036415","https://openalex.org/W2101073067","https://openalex.org/W2107166114","https://openalex.org/W2112909893","https://openalex.org/W2122692815","https://openalex.org/W2128703497","https://openalex.org/W2136325898","https://openalex.org/W2136725088","https://openalex.org/W2137190664","https://openalex.org/W2138080168","https://openalex.org/W2144084217","https://openalex.org/W2145023731","https://openalex.org/W2150290224","https://openalex.org/W2160560129","https://openalex.org/W2200515657"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2172231696","https://openalex.org/W2089969684","https://openalex.org/W2002918846","https://openalex.org/W2503910294","https://openalex.org/W2384506582","https://openalex.org/W2034539438","https://openalex.org/W2130191173","https://openalex.org/W2169981646","https://openalex.org/W1787428848","https://openalex.org/W2188202313"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Evaluating":[0],"the":[1,26,42,53,59,130,135,141,144],"success":[2,54],"of":[3,31,39,46,71,76,137],"prediction":[4,75],"and":[5,29,37,44,55,68,91,98],"retrieval":[6,96],"systems":[7],"depends":[8],"upon":[9],"a":[10,14,138],"reliable":[11],"reference":[12],"standard,":[13],"ground":[15],"truth.":[16],"The":[17,74,119],"ideal":[18],"gold":[19],"standard":[20],"is":[21],"expected":[22],"to":[23,80],"result":[24],"from":[25],"marking,":[27],"labeling,":[28],"rating":[30],"domain":[32],"experts.":[33],"However":[34],"experts":[35],"disagree":[36],"lack":[38],"agreement":[40,124,133],"challenges":[41],"development":[43],"evaluation":[45],"image-based":[47],"feature":[48],"prediction.":[49],"This":[50],"paper":[51],"addresses":[52],"limitations":[56],"in":[57,93,105,123,146],"bridging":[58],"semantic":[60],"gap":[61],"between":[62,125],"CT-based":[63],"pulmonary":[64],"nodule":[65],"image":[66,95],"features":[67],"radiologists\u2019":[69,147],"ratings":[70],"diagnostic":[72,77],"characteristics.":[73],"characteristics":[78,108],"promises":[79],"automatically":[81],"annotate":[82],"images":[83],"with":[84,112],"medically":[85],"meaningful":[86],"descriptions":[87],"usable":[88],"for":[89,116],"indexing":[90],"retrieving":[92],"content-based":[94],"(CBIR)":[97],"computer":[99],"aided":[100],"diagnosis":[101],"(CADx).":[102],"Successful":[103],"results":[104,115],"predicting":[106],"texture":[107],"will":[109,127],"be":[110,128],"contrasted":[111],"less":[113],"successful":[114],"boundary":[117],"shapes.":[118],"two":[120],"primary":[121],"differences":[122],"radiologists":[126],"discussed;":[129],"first":[131],"concerns":[132],"about":[134],"existence":[136],"nodule,":[139],"while":[140],"second":[142],"considers":[143],"variability":[145],"ratings.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}