{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2044248200","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jhcr.2010070104","title":"On Balancing Energy Consumption, Rendering Speed, and Image Quality on Mobile Devices","display_name":"On Balancing Energy Consumption, Rendering Speed, and Image Quality on Mobile Devices","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2044248200","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jhcr.2010070104","mag":"2044248200"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4018/jhcr.2010070104","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jhcr.2010070104","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171045950","display_name":"International Journal of Handheld Computing Research","issn_l":"1947-9158","issn":["1947-9158","1947-9166"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Handheld Computing Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jhcr.2010070104","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101803324","display_name":"Fan Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6248-2784"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6026837","display_name":"Tuskegee University","ror":"https://ror.org/0137n4m74","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6026837"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fan Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tuskegee University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tuskegee University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6026837"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003809101","display_name":"Emmanuel Agu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3361-4952"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107077323","display_name":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ejpqr48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emmanuel Agu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Worcester Polytechnic Institute, USA","[Worcester Polytechnic Institute (USA)]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Worcester Polytechnic Institute (USA)]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054724759","display_name":"Clifford Lindsay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3249-2807"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107077323","display_name":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ejpqr48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Clifford Lindsay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Worcester Polytechnic Institute, USA","[Worcester Polytechnic Institute (USA)]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Worcester Polytechnic Institute (USA)]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055413080","display_name":"Chung-han Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6026837","display_name":"Tuskegee University","ror":"https://ror.org/0137n4m74","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6026837"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chung-han Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tuskegee University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tuskegee University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6026837"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101803324"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6026837"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.1261421,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"3","first_page":"51","last_page":"71"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11165","display_name":"Image and Video Quality Assessment","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9685999751091003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8781127333641052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rendering","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","score":0.7635016441345215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.5875555872917175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.569442093372345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alternate-frame-rendering","display_name":"Alternate frame rendering","score":0.4869021475315094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-quality","display_name":"Image quality","score":0.4783886671066284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-rendering","display_name":"Software rendering","score":0.46370962262153625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workload","display_name":"Workload","score":0.4420250952243805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computer-graphics","display_name":"Real-time computer graphics","score":0.4301120638847351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics","display_name":"Graphics","score":0.42913171648979187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame-rate","display_name":"Frame rate","score":0.419654905796051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.33977606892585754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.3311094045639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-computer-graphics","display_name":"3D computer graphics","score":0.3284257650375366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.18309471011161804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.1507873237133026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.09347072243690491}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8781127333641052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205711294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","level":2,"score":0.7635016441345215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.5875555872917175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.569442093372345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97431224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q438393","display_name":"Alternate frame rendering","level":5,"score":0.4869021475315094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55020928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813865","display_name":"Image quality","level":3,"score":0.4783886671066284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109772839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297645","display_name":"Software rendering","level":4,"score":0.46370962262153625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.4420250952243805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C537207887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2816483","display_name":"Real-time computer graphics","level":4,"score":0.4301120638847351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21442007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027879","display_name":"Graphics","level":2,"score":0.42913171648979187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3261483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q119565","display_name":"Frame rate","level":2,"score":0.419654905796051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.33977606892585754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.3311094045639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66629338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189177","display_name":"3D computer graphics","level":3,"score":0.3284257650375366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.18309471011161804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.1507873237133026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.09347072243690491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4018/jhcr.2010070104","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jhcr.2010070104","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171045950","display_name":"International Journal of Handheld Computing Research","issn_l":"1947-9158","issn":["1947-9158","1947-9166"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Handheld Computing Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:igg:jhcr00:v:1:y:2010:i:3:p:51-71","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://services.igi-global.com/resolvedoi/resolve.aspx?doi=10.4018/jhcr.2010070104","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4018/jhcr.2010070104","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jhcr.2010070104","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171045950","display_name":"International Journal of Handheld Computing Research","issn_l":"1947-9158","issn":["1947-9158","1947-9166"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Handheld Computing Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.7599999904632568,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1492990221","https://openalex.org/W1541720961","https://openalex.org/W1963715532","https://openalex.org/W1997574826","https://openalex.org/W2000323557","https://openalex.org/W2012909180","https://openalex.org/W2023723162","https://openalex.org/W2043896016","https://openalex.org/W2067166017","https://openalex.org/W2067288944","https://openalex.org/W2075035638","https://openalex.org/W2088206346","https://openalex.org/W2107874557","https://openalex.org/W2112265557","https://openalex.org/W2141983659","https://openalex.org/W2153066698","https://openalex.org/W2157681422","https://openalex.org/W2163324644","https://openalex.org/W2165761862","https://openalex.org/W2170023599","https://openalex.org/W2235901111","https://openalex.org/W2293368666","https://openalex.org/W2295216480","https://openalex.org/W4230163235","https://openalex.org/W4230358113"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2144964421","https://openalex.org/W4205614637","https://openalex.org/W2146178029","https://openalex.org/W1899326437","https://openalex.org/W2255049076","https://openalex.org/W2750716212","https://openalex.org/W4319977741","https://openalex.org/W55161888","https://openalex.org/W2116928704","https://openalex.org/W3157935747"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Mobile":[0],"games":[1],"and":[2,11,33,36,46,95,113,120,134,158,177],"graphics":[3,18,84,105,143],"are":[4,50],"popular":[5],"because":[6],"un-tethered":[7],"computing":[8],"is":[9,14,62,145,166],"convenient":[10],"ubiquitous":[12],"entertainment":[13],"compelling.":[15],"However,":[16],"rendering":[17,154],"on":[19],"mobile":[20,56,83,104,142,183],"devices":[21,184],"faces":[22],"challenges":[23],"due":[24],"to":[25,86,140,147,195],"limited":[26],"system":[27],"resources,":[28],"such":[29],"as":[30],"battery":[31,76],"energy,":[32],"low":[34,43],"memory":[35],"disk":[37],"space.":[38],"Real":[39],"time":[40],"frame":[41,97],"rates,":[42],"energy":[44,88,156],"consumption":[45,89],"high":[47],"image":[48,71,93,159],"quality":[49,72,94],"all":[51,116],"desirable":[52],"attributes":[53],"of":[54,102,136,180,182],"interactive":[55,96],"graphics;":[57],"however,":[58],"achieving":[59],"these":[60],"objectives":[61],"conflicting.":[63],"For":[64],"instance,":[65],"increasing":[66],"mesh":[67,132],"resolutions":[68],"improves":[69],"rendered":[70],"but":[73],"consumes":[74],"more":[75],"energy.":[77],"Therefore,":[78],"the":[79,100,141,170,178],"authors":[80],"propose":[81],"a":[82,103,126,162],"heuristic":[85,127,171],"minimize":[87],"while":[90,186],"maintaining":[91],"acceptable":[92],"rates.":[98],"Over":[99],"lifetime":[101],"application,":[106],"scene":[107,131],"complexity,":[108],"animation":[109],"paths,":[110],"user":[111],"interactivity":[112],"other":[114],"elements":[115],"change":[117],"its":[118],"CPU":[119,137],"resource":[121],"demands.":[122],"In":[123],"this":[124],"regard,":[125],"that":[128,152,169],"dynamically":[129],"changes":[130],"LoDs":[133],"amount":[135],"timeslices":[138],"allotted":[139],"application":[144,175],"presented":[146],"select":[148],"optimal":[149],"operating":[150],"conditions":[151],"balance":[153],"speed,":[155],"conservation":[157],"quality.":[160],"Additionally,":[161],"workload":[163,176],"predict":[164],"model":[165],"proposed":[167],"so":[168],"can":[172],"monitor":[173],"both":[174],"availability":[179],"resources":[181,191],"periodically,":[185],"adaptively":[187],"determining":[188],"how":[189],"much":[190],"will":[192],"be":[193],"allocated":[194],"applications.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}