{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2160632798","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jgcms.2009010102","title":"Design Factors for Effective Science Simulations","display_name":"Design Factors for Effective Science Simulations","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2160632798","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jgcms.2009010102","mag":"2160632798"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4018/jgcms.2009010102","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jgcms.2009010102","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S60769682","display_name":"International Journal of Gaming and Computer-Mediated Simulations","issn_l":"1942-3888","issn":["1942-3888","1942-3896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Gaming and Computer-Mediated Simulations","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053444286","display_name":"Jan L. Plass","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5161-6989"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jan L. Plass","raw_affiliation_strings":["New York University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New York University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076991392","display_name":"Bruce D. Homer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1832-6784"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bruce D. Homer","raw_affiliation_strings":["CUNY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CUNY, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060195250","display_name":"Catherine Milne","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8789-5115"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Catherine Milne","raw_affiliation_strings":["New York University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New York University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077138658","display_name":"Trace Jordan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6974-8178"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Trace Jordan","raw_affiliation_strings":["New York University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New York University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053380171","display_name":"Slava Kalyuga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4107-8253"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Slava Kalyuga","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of New South Wales, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of New South Wales, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067729807","display_name":"Minchi Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minchi Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102023276","display_name":"Hyunjeong Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3164-8320"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124633538","display_name":"University of Seoul","ror":"https://ror.org/05en5nh73","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124633538"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyunjeong Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Seoul, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Seoul, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124633538"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6615,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":41,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8956474,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"1","first_page":"16","last_page":"35"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11516","display_name":"Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11516","display_name":"Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10072","display_name":"Science Education and Pedagogy","score":0.9860000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13435","display_name":"Animal and Plant Science Education","score":0.9801999926567078,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comprehension","display_name":"Comprehension","score":0.7398784160614014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.6297243237495422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.5892718434333801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-load","display_name":"Cognitive load","score":0.5737418532371521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5559810400009155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.44164198637008667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.441577285528183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/science-education","display_name":"Science education","score":0.4247099757194519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.39542096853256226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.2592102587223053}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511192102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156948","display_name":"Comprehension","level":2,"score":0.7398784160614014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.6297243237495422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.5892718434333801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61641136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1107019","display_name":"Cognitive load","level":3,"score":0.5737418532371521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5559810400009155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.44164198637008667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.441577285528183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44877443","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2485457","display_name":"Science education","level":2,"score":0.4247099757194519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.39542096853256226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2592102587223053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4018/jgcms.2009010102","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jgcms.2009010102","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S60769682","display_name":"International Journal of Gaming and Computer-Mediated Simulations","issn_l":"1942-3888","issn":["1942-3888","1942-3896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Gaming and Computer-Mediated Simulations","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:igg:jgcms0:v:1:y:2009:i:1:p:16-35","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://services.igi-global.com/resolvedoi/resolve.aspx?doi=10.4018/jgcms.2009010102","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8700000047683716,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306106","display_name":"U.S. Department of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/021adze67"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321346","display_name":"University of Seoul","ror":"https://ror.org/05en5nh73"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":72,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W30153120","https://openalex.org/W42905460","https://openalex.org/W73181526","https://openalex.org/W86757171","https://openalex.org/W161987970","https://openalex.org/W307048410","https://openalex.org/W604602427","https://openalex.org/W1496523069","https://openalex.org/W1514910405","https://openalex.org/W1517688530","https://openalex.org/W1549492071","https://openalex.org/W1551683416","https://openalex.org/W1558713906","https://openalex.org/W1570560169","https://openalex.org/W1678084289","https://openalex.org/W1724986016","https://openalex.org/W1749753864","https://openalex.org/W1963996086","https://openalex.org/W1967395107","https://openalex.org/W1972170794","https://openalex.org/W1976637107","https://openalex.org/W1978453832","https://openalex.org/W1984011104","https://openalex.org/W1984314602","https://openalex.org/W1984531001","https://openalex.org/W1987416584","https://openalex.org/W1992046646","https://openalex.org/W1994102502","https://openalex.org/W2001468118","https://openalex.org/W2004995621","https://openalex.org/W2033240743","https://openalex.org/W2038403654","https://openalex.org/W2039378747","https://openalex.org/W2040297880","https://openalex.org/W2049689197","https://openalex.org/W2050206777","https://openalex.org/W2053151767","https://openalex.org/W2055556052","https://openalex.org/W2055846787","https://openalex.org/W2060374126","https://openalex.org/W2062364140","https://openalex.org/W2064859510","https://openalex.org/W2066230112","https://openalex.org/W2074900668","https://openalex.org/W2083371377","https://openalex.org/W2087622072","https://openalex.org/W2090323778","https://openalex.org/W2091785129","https://openalex.org/W2092394917","https://openalex.org/W2095694361","https://openalex.org/W2097658110","https://openalex.org/W2100347308","https://openalex.org/W2100758259","https://openalex.org/W2103857331","https://openalex.org/W2104407974","https://openalex.org/W2114249383","https://openalex.org/W2120908897","https://openalex.org/W2133318677","https://openalex.org/W2144257187","https://openalex.org/W2148300948","https://openalex.org/W2148621688","https://openalex.org/W2150883104","https://openalex.org/W2151715145","https://openalex.org/W2160383988","https://openalex.org/W2171111636","https://openalex.org/W2222760842","https://openalex.org/W2333730440","https://openalex.org/W2337068785","https://openalex.org/W2619627733","https://openalex.org/W2795228163","https://openalex.org/W2888190061","https://openalex.org/W3020655612"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3188425112","https://openalex.org/W2616627668","https://openalex.org/W2037482284","https://openalex.org/W3137121595","https://openalex.org/W4380629719","https://openalex.org/W2062195135","https://openalex.org/W2051345519","https://openalex.org/W1991530724","https://openalex.org/W2023344535","https://openalex.org/W4297221804"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,25],"propose":[1],"that":[2,27,106,125],"the":[3,16,28,40,69,111],"effectiveness":[4],"of":[5,18,30,71,113,121],"simulations":[6,34],"for":[7,130],"science":[8,122],"education":[9],"depends":[10],"on":[11,82],"design":[12,107],"features":[13,108],"such":[14,109],"as":[15,49,51,110],"type":[17,73],"representation":[19,72],"chosen":[20],"to":[21,33],"depict":[22],"key":[23],"concepts.":[24],"hypothesize":[26],"addition":[29,112],"iconic":[31,114],"representations":[32,115],"can":[35,116],"help":[36,117],"novice":[37],"learners":[38,131],"interpret":[39],"visual":[41],"simulation":[42],"interface":[43],"and":[44,79,85,94,124],"improve":[45],"cognitive":[46,89,96],"learning":[47],"outcomes":[48],"well":[50],"learners\u2019":[52,140],"self-efficacy.":[53,142],"This":[54],"hypothesis":[55],"was":[56,128],"tested":[57],"in":[58],"two":[59],"experiments":[60],"with":[61,132],"high":[62,95],"school":[63],"chemistry":[64],"students.":[65],"The":[66],"studies":[67],"examined":[68],"effects":[70],"(symbolic":[74],"versus":[75],"iconic),":[76],"prior":[77,134],"knowledge,":[78],"spatial":[80],"ability":[81],"comprehension,":[83],"transfer,":[84],"self-efficacy":[86],"under":[87],"low":[88,133],"load":[90,97],"(Study":[91,99],"1,":[92],"N=80)":[93],"conditions":[98],"2,":[100],"N=91).":[101],"Results":[102],"supported":[103],"our":[104],"hypotheses":[105],"scaffold":[118],"students\u2019":[119],"comprehension":[120],"simulations,":[123],"this":[126],"effect":[127],"strongest":[129],"knowledge.":[135],"Adding":[136],"icons":[137],"also":[138],"improved":[139],"general":[141]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T06:19:23.411458","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
