{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4213302454","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jep.2011070102","title":"The Unintended Consequence","display_name":"The Unintended Consequence","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4213302454","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jep.2011070102"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4018/jep.2011070102","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jep.2011070102","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210229488","display_name":"International Journal of E-Politics","issn_l":"1947-9131","issn":["1947-9131","1947-914X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of E-Politics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060815452","display_name":"Hamid Nemati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1163-1479"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169335092","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Greensboro","ror":"https://ror.org/04fnxsj42","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169335092"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamid Nemati","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1163-1479","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169335092"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040120068","display_name":"Amna Latif","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amna Latif","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tarbiyah Islamic School of Delaware, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tarbiyah Islamic School of Delaware, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62547026,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"3","first_page":"14","last_page":"26"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10953","display_name":"E-Government and Public Services","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10953","display_name":"E-Government and Public Services","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11499","display_name":"ICT Impact and Policies","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11437","display_name":"Digital Platforms and Economics","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-and-communications-technology","display_name":"Information and Communications Technology","score":0.7862063646316528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ambiguity","display_name":"Ambiguity","score":0.6857772469520569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unintended-consequences","display_name":"Unintended consequences","score":0.6113341450691223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phenomenon","display_name":"Phenomenon","score":0.5683154463768005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","score":0.4655488431453705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developing-country","display_name":"Developing country","score":0.43521901965141296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.4023221731185913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-growth","display_name":"Economic growth","score":0.2726978063583374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.2622748017311096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.1625199317932129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.14570757746696472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.07922735810279846}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67363961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5268834","display_name":"Information and Communications Technology","level":2,"score":0.7862063646316528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780522230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140419","display_name":"Ambiguity","level":2,"score":0.6857772469520569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776889888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135789","display_name":"Unintended consequences","level":2,"score":0.6113341450691223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50335755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483247","display_name":"Phenomenon","level":2,"score":0.5683154463768005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.4655488431453705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.43521901965141296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4023221731185913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.2726978063583374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2622748017311096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.1625199317932129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.14570757746696472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.07922735810279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4018/jep.2011070102","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jep.2011070102","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210229488","display_name":"International Journal of E-Politics","issn_l":"1947-9131","issn":["1947-9131","1947-914X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of E-Politics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:igg:jep000:v:2:y:2011:i:3:p:14-26","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://services.igi-global.com/resolvedoi/resolve.aspx?doi=10.4018/jep.2011070102","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.5699999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W108928925","https://openalex.org/W163791779","https://openalex.org/W580494215","https://openalex.org/W1498112155","https://openalex.org/W1547791030","https://openalex.org/W1596634305","https://openalex.org/W1600350917","https://openalex.org/W1968975780","https://openalex.org/W1976410576","https://openalex.org/W1979787630","https://openalex.org/W2009780765","https://openalex.org/W2019814069","https://openalex.org/W2032990020","https://openalex.org/W2044175250","https://openalex.org/W2112508571","https://openalex.org/W2118882740","https://openalex.org/W2131541655","https://openalex.org/W2136941206","https://openalex.org/W2331773628","https://openalex.org/W2495004901","https://openalex.org/W2514239176","https://openalex.org/W4231013353","https://openalex.org/W4237927414","https://openalex.org/W4252762006"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2353179089","https://openalex.org/W4300450609","https://openalex.org/W4386931570","https://openalex.org/W2391010541","https://openalex.org/W2357367123","https://openalex.org/W4388930439","https://openalex.org/W2387276901","https://openalex.org/W2923538289","https://openalex.org/W2353125546","https://openalex.org/W3127446213"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Information":[0],"and":[1,15,26,35,40,50,58,66,86,185,203],"Communication":[2],"Technologies":[3],"(ICT)":[4],"are":[5],"an":[6,130],"important":[7],"factor":[8],"in":[9,23,53,163],"the":[10,19,46,63,75,87,95,108,115,124,138,142,150,177,180,188,195,204],"socio-economic":[11,170],"development":[12,34,171,202],"of":[13,21,48,68,77,89,117,123,152,179,183,190,206],"transitioning":[14],"developing":[16,54,164],"countries.":[17],"Given":[18,62],"importance":[20],"ICT":[22,85,201],"global":[24],"social":[25],"economic":[27],"development,":[28],"many":[29],"researchers":[30],"have":[31],"examined":[32],"its":[33],"growth":[36],"strategies":[37],"from":[38,60],"national":[39],"governmental":[41],"policy":[42,81],"perspectives.":[43],"However,":[44],"understanding":[45],"consequences":[47],"information":[49],"communication":[51],"technologies":[52],"countries":[55],"is":[56,91,172],"complex":[57],"far":[59],"certain.":[61],"ambiguity,":[64],"complexity,":[65],"diversity":[67],"what":[69,80,90],"constitutes":[70],"ICT,":[71],"Heeks":[72],"(2002)":[73],"suggested":[74],"existence":[76],"incongruencies":[78],"between":[79,200],"makers":[82],"envision":[83],"as":[84],"actuality":[88,205],"ultimately":[92],"manifested,":[93],"proposing":[94],"\u201cdesign-actuality":[96],"gap\u201d":[97],"framework":[98,111],"to":[99,112],"understand":[100],"this":[101,133,136],"inconsistency.":[102],"Baqir":[103],"et":[104],"al.":[105],"(2009)":[106],"extended":[107],"design-actuality":[109],"gap":[110,143],"show":[113,186],"that":[114,141,198],"dimensions":[116],"design":[118],"maybe":[119],"different":[120],"than":[121],"those":[122],"actuality,":[125],"but":[126],"did":[127],"not":[128],"provide":[129],"explanation":[131],"for":[132],"gap.":[134],"In":[135],"paper,":[137],"authors":[139,175],"posit":[140],"can":[144,159,193],"only":[145],"be":[146,161],"explained":[147],"based":[148],"on":[149,169],"law":[151,189],"\u201cunintended":[153],"consequence\u201d":[154],"(Merton,":[155],"1936).":[156],"This":[157],"phenomenon":[158],"best":[160],"seen":[162],"nations":[165],"where":[166],"ICT\u2019s":[167],"impact":[168],"exaggerated.":[173],"The":[174],"present":[176],"case":[178],"Islamic":[181],"Republic":[182],"Iran":[184],"how":[187],"unintended":[191],"consequence":[192],"explain":[194],"major":[196],"chasm":[197],"exists":[199],"use.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2022-02-24T00:00:00"}
