{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2038618002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jdst.2010040101","title":"On the Path to Exascale","display_name":"On the Path to Exascale","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2038618002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jdst.2010040101","mag":"2038618002"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4018/jdst.2010040101","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jdst.2010040101","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126154059","display_name":"International Journal of Distributed Systems and Technologies","issn_l":"1947-3532","issn":["1947-3532","1947-3540"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Systems and Technologies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111721601","display_name":"Ken Alvin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ken Alvin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072932958","display_name":"Brian Barrett","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4380-4020"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian Barrett","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036922303","display_name":"Ron Brightwell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8186-222X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ron Brightwell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079204430","display_name":"Sudip S. Dosanjh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sudip Dosanjh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113990568","display_name":"Al Geist","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289243028","display_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01qz5mb56","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210159294"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Al Geist","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA","Oak Ridge, National Laboratory, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oak Ridge, National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042164979","display_name":"Scott Hemmert","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Scott Hemmert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074276326","display_name":"Michael A. Heroux","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5893-0273"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Heroux","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109557550","display_name":"D.B. Kothe","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289243028","display_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01qz5mb56","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210159294"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Doug Kothe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA","Oak Ridge, National Laboratory, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oak Ridge, National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108371005","display_name":"Richard C. Murphy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard Murphy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089909505","display_name":"Jeffrey A. Nichols","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5454-9726"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289243028","display_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01qz5mb56","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210159294"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeff Nichols","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA","Oak Ridge, National Laboratory, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oak Ridge, National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108471980","display_name":"Ron A. Oldfield","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ron Oldfield","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011812189","display_name":"Arun Rodrigues","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arun Rodrigues","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061838490","display_name":"Jeffrey S. Vetter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2449-6720"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289243028","display_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01qz5mb56","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210159294"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey S. Vetter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA","Oak Ridge, National Laboratory, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oak Ridge, National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.0215,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93868343,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"2","first_page":"1","last_page":"22"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8714518547058105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exascale-computing","display_name":"Exascale computing","score":0.7365679144859314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.7315171957015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supercomputer","display_name":"Supercomputer","score":0.6686782836914062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.6112707257270813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resilience","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","score":0.5967443585395813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.5216946005821228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interconnection","display_name":"Interconnection","score":0.5184692740440369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.5104838609695435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path","display_name":"Path (computing)","score":0.4462614059448242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4361782670021057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.3100011944770813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.297829806804657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.22459176182746887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.20210343599319458}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8714518547058105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778837361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2450880","display_name":"Exascale computing","level":3,"score":0.7365679144859314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.7315171957015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83283714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121117","display_name":"Supercomputer","level":2,"score":0.6686782836914062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.6112707257270813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.5967443585395813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.5216946005821228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123745756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1665949","display_name":"Interconnection","level":2,"score":0.5184692740440369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.5104838609695435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4462614059448242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4361782670021057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3100011944770813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.297829806804657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.22459176182746887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.20210343599319458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4018/jdst.2010040101","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jdst.2010040101","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126154059","display_name":"International Journal of Distributed Systems and Technologies","issn_l":"1947-3532","issn":["1947-3532","1947-3540"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Systems and Technologies","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:igg:jdst00:v:1:y:2010:i:2:p:1-22","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://services.igi-global.com/resolvedoi/resolve.aspx?doi=10.4018/jdst.2010040101","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.49000000953674316}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W144364843","https://openalex.org/W590167256","https://openalex.org/W1987514433","https://openalex.org/W1990305761","https://openalex.org/W2025177582","https://openalex.org/W2042273126","https://openalex.org/W2071660793","https://openalex.org/W2075724414","https://openalex.org/W2079034398","https://openalex.org/W2079254493","https://openalex.org/W2107263349","https://openalex.org/W2126403791","https://openalex.org/W2132500083","https://openalex.org/W2133046454","https://openalex.org/W2147817098","https://openalex.org/W2148933212","https://openalex.org/W2155187164","https://openalex.org/W2164590718","https://openalex.org/W2767296191","https://openalex.org/W2926719886","https://openalex.org/W3143971907","https://openalex.org/W3147460469","https://openalex.org/W3148885254","https://openalex.org/W4250050055","https://openalex.org/W6640939250"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2364921833","https://openalex.org/W4317733979","https://openalex.org/W1671538715","https://openalex.org/W2385146268","https://openalex.org/W2015136766","https://openalex.org/W2546696010","https://openalex.org/W2555888817","https://openalex.org/W2132395558","https://openalex.org/W4301211519","https://openalex.org/W2079472602"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"There":[0],"is":[1,90,97],"considerable":[2],"interest":[3,68],"in":[4,10,13],"achieving":[5],"a":[6,93],"1000":[7],"fold":[8],"increase":[9],"supercomputing":[11],"power":[12],"the":[14,18,25,30],"next":[15],"decade,":[16],"but":[17],"challenges":[19,48],"are":[20,69],"formidable.":[21],"In":[22],"this":[23],"paper,":[24],"authors":[26],"discuss":[27],"some":[28],"of":[29,67],"driving":[31],"science":[32],"and":[33,54,72,84],"security":[34],"applications":[35],"that":[36],"require":[37],"Exascale":[38],"computing":[39],"(a":[40],"million,":[41],"trillion":[42],"operations":[43],"per":[44],"second).":[45],"Key":[46],"architectural":[47],"include":[49],"power,":[50],"memory,":[51],"interconnection":[52],"networks":[53],"resilience.":[55],"The":[56],"paper":[57],"summarizes":[58],"ongoing":[59],"research":[60],"aimed":[61],"at":[62],"overcoming":[63],"these":[64],"hurdles.":[65],"Topics":[66],"architecture":[70],"aware":[71],"scalable":[73],"algorithms,":[74],"system":[75],"simulation,":[76],"3D":[77],"integration,":[78],"new":[79,85],"approaches":[80],"to":[81],"system-directed":[82],"resilience":[83],"benchmarks.":[86],"Although":[87],"significant":[88],"progress":[89],"being":[91],"made,":[92],"broader":[94],"international":[95],"program":[96],"needed.":[98]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T06:19:23.411458","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
