{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3081258748","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijthi.2020100105","title":"The Contribution of Different Body Channels to the Expression of Emotion in Animated Pedagogical Agents","display_name":"The Contribution of Different Body Channels to the Expression of Emotion in Animated Pedagogical Agents","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-08-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3081258748","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijthi.2020100105","mag":"3081258748"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4018/ijthi.2020100105","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijthi.2020100105","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S130700065","display_name":"International Journal of Technology and Human Interaction","issn_l":"1548-3908","issn":["1548-3908","1548-3916"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Technology and Human Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086314788","display_name":"Saikiran Anasingaraju","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Saikiran Anasingaraju","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050588554","display_name":"Nicoletta Adamo\u2010Villani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8311-5302"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicoletta Adamo-Villani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082620971","display_name":"Hazar Dib","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2675-9276"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hazar Nicholas Dib","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5086314788"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8918,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77842785,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"4","first_page":"70","last_page":"88"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12290","display_name":"Human Motion and Animation","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sadness","display_name":"Sadness","score":0.7804020643234253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surprise","display_name":"Surprise","score":0.6614153385162354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression","display_name":"Facial expression","score":0.6267666816711426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expression","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","score":0.5620375275611877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.5540324449539185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anger","display_name":"Anger","score":0.54952472448349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/animation","display_name":"Animation","score":0.5362187623977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torso","display_name":"Torso","score":0.5352623462677002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/happiness","display_name":"Happiness","score":0.5208768844604492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perplexity","display_name":"Perplexity","score":0.47775784134864807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.4766966998577118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/counterintuitive","display_name":"Counterintuitive","score":0.45046278834342957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotional-expression","display_name":"Emotional expression","score":0.4322761297225952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distraction","display_name":"Distraction","score":0.4219765365123749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.41403165459632874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.39525866508483887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.24211671948432922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communication","display_name":"Communication","score":0.209262877702713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1382732391357422}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779812673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169251","display_name":"Sadness","level":3,"score":0.7804020643234253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780343955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333173","display_name":"Surprise","level":2,"score":0.6614153385162354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195704467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968","display_name":"Facial expression","level":2,"score":0.6267666816711426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90559484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778379","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5620375275611877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5540324449539185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779302386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79871","display_name":"Anger","level":2,"score":0.54952472448349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502989409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11425","display_name":"Animation","level":2,"score":0.5362187623977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523889960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160695","display_name":"Torso","level":2,"score":0.5352623462677002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778999518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8","display_name":"Happiness","level":2,"score":0.5208768844604492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100279451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q372193","display_name":"Perplexity","level":3,"score":0.47775784134864807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.4766966998577118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101097943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5176983","display_name":"Counterintuitive","level":2,"score":0.45046278834342957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143110190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5373787","display_name":"Emotional expression","level":2,"score":0.4322761297225952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776378700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3030775","display_name":"Distraction","level":2,"score":0.4219765365123749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.41403165459632874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.39525866508483887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.24211671948432922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.209262877702713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1382732391357422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4018/ijthi.2020100105","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijthi.2020100105","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S130700065","display_name":"International Journal of Technology and Human Interaction","issn_l":"1548-3908","issn":["1548-3908","1548-3916"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Technology and Human Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:igg:jthi00:v:16:y:2020:i:4:p:70-88","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://services.igi-global.com/resolvedoi/resolve.aspx?doi=10.4018/IJTHI.2020100105","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4300000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W81878433","https://openalex.org/W168169034","https://openalex.org/W216945601","https://openalex.org/W298135510","https://openalex.org/W1492677017","https://openalex.org/W1528891976","https://openalex.org/W1545457992","https://openalex.org/W1730072672","https://openalex.org/W1845416965","https://openalex.org/W1905234202","https://openalex.org/W1966797434","https://openalex.org/W1971238833","https://openalex.org/W1974219072","https://openalex.org/W1990990748","https://openalex.org/W1992448323","https://openalex.org/W2007041320","https://openalex.org/W2012758188","https://openalex.org/W2018138143","https://openalex.org/W2018139233","https://openalex.org/W2034713791","https://openalex.org/W2039114564","https://openalex.org/W2043180902","https://openalex.org/W2046655837","https://openalex.org/W2048990214","https://openalex.org/W2061118987","https://openalex.org/W2069227632","https://openalex.org/W2078951341","https://openalex.org/W2091180266","https://openalex.org/W2100242321","https://openalex.org/W2121378366","https://openalex.org/W2131760041","https://openalex.org/W2147449317","https://openalex.org/W2163059076","https://openalex.org/W2168313712","https://openalex.org/W2185502505","https://openalex.org/W2346351634","https://openalex.org/W2746833127","https://openalex.org/W2747795571","https://openalex.org/W2767303595","https://openalex.org/W2978348096","https://openalex.org/W3022331244","https://openalex.org/W4239310592","https://openalex.org/W4247800948","https://openalex.org/W6606796206"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2423081157","https://openalex.org/W2010072240","https://openalex.org/W2071993326","https://openalex.org/W4321489666","https://openalex.org/W346645540","https://openalex.org/W2108202847","https://openalex.org/W2726002552","https://openalex.org/W2612403870","https://openalex.org/W2001432489","https://openalex.org/W4248809597"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Pedagogical":[0],"agents":[1,31],"are":[2],"animated":[3,144],"characters":[4],"embedded":[5],"within":[6],"an":[7],"e-learning":[8],"environment":[9],"to":[10,29,51,113,138],"facilitate":[11],"learning.":[12],"With":[13],"the":[14,18,40,45,53,56,64,69,75,93,104,114,135,139,143,147],"growing":[15],"understanding":[16],"of":[17,55,66,95,106,116,142,159],"complex":[19],"interplay":[20],"between":[21],"emotions":[22,118],"and":[23,81,153],"cognition,":[24],"there":[25],"is":[26,62,146],"a":[27,86,125,129],"need":[28],"design":[30],"that":[32,63],"can":[33],"provide":[34],"believable":[35],"simulated":[36],"emotional":[37],"interactions":[38],"with":[39],"learner.":[41],"Best":[42],"practices":[43],"from":[44],"animation":[46],"industry":[47],"could":[48],"be":[49],"used":[50],"improve":[52],"believability":[54,141],"agents.":[57],"A":[58],"well-known":[59],"best":[60,97],"practice":[61,98],"movements":[65],"limbs/torso/head":[67],"play":[68],"most":[70],"important":[71],"role":[72],"in":[73,85,124,128],"conveying":[74],"character's":[76,148],"emotion,":[77],"followed":[78,150],"by":[79,151],"eyes/face":[80],"lip":[82],"sync,":[83],"respectively,":[84,155],"long/medium":[87],"shot.":[88,132],"The":[89],"researchers'":[90],"study":[91],"tested":[92],"validity":[94],"this":[96],"using":[99],"statistical":[100],"methods.":[101],"It":[102],"investigated":[103],"contribution":[105],"3":[107],"body":[108,131],"channels":[109],"(torso/limbs/head,":[110],"face,":[111],"speech)":[112],"expression":[115],"5":[117,160],"(happiness,":[119],"sadness,":[120],"anger,":[121],"fear,":[122],"surprise)":[123],"stylized":[126],"agent":[127],"full":[130],"Findings":[133],"confirm":[134],"biggest":[136],"contributor":[137],"perceived":[140],"emotion":[145],"body,":[149],"face":[152],"speech":[154],"across":[156],"4":[157],"out":[158],"emotions.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}