{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2008839389","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijtem.2014010108","title":"Robust Real-Time Facial Expressions Tracking and Recognition","display_name":"Robust Real-Time Facial Expressions Tracking and Recognition","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2008839389","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijtem.2014010108","mag":"2008839389"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4018/ijtem.2014010108","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijtem.2014010108","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172606","display_name":"International Journal of Technology and Educational Marketing","issn_l":"2155-5605","issn":["2155-5605","2155-5613"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Technology and Educational Marketing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044963180","display_name":"Jamal Zraqou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9060-7188"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92449659","display_name":"Isra University","ror":"https://ror.org/04d4bt482","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92449659"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. Zraqou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Multimedia Systems, Al-Isra University, Amman, Jordan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Multimedia Systems, Al-Isra University, Amman, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92449659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062929562","display_name":"Wissam Alkhadour","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5904-8154"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92449659","display_name":"Isra University","ror":"https://ror.org/04d4bt482","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92449659"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. Alkhadour","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Multimedia Systems, Al-Isra University, Amman, Jordan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Multimedia Systems, Al-Isra University, Amman, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92449659"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108397229","display_name":"A. Al-Nuaimi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92449659","display_name":"Isra University","ror":"https://ror.org/04d4bt482","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92449659"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Al-Nu'aimi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Multimedia Systems, Al-Isra University, Amman, Jordan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Multimedia Systems, Al-Isra University, Amman, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92449659"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044963180"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92449659"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.08173624,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"1","first_page":"95","last_page":"105"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression","display_name":"Facial expression","score":0.7923743724822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7655245065689087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7067267894744873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6426547765731812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5958579778671265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-motion-capture","display_name":"Facial motion capture","score":0.5908949375152588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.5323584079742432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.5261383056640625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/three-dimensional-face-recognition","display_name":"Three-dimensional face recognition","score":0.48582980036735535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.4756888151168823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.47440361976623535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expression","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","score":0.47203269600868225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-action-coding-system","display_name":"Facial Action Coding System","score":0.46971315145492554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/active-appearance-model","display_name":"Active appearance model","score":0.4602794051170349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression-recognition","display_name":"Facial expression recognition","score":0.45085400342941284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-hallucination","display_name":"Face hallucination","score":0.4474914073944092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4463646113872528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4025416672229767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.37433183193206787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-detection","display_name":"Face detection","score":0.2894095480442047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.1186261773109436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.07370457053184509}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195704467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968","display_name":"Facial expression","level":2,"score":0.7923743724822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7655245065689087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7067267894744873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6426547765731812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5958579778671265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98907195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428562","display_name":"Facial motion capture","level":5,"score":0.5908949375152588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.5323584079742432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.5261383056640625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88799230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398329","display_name":"Three-dimensional face recognition","level":5,"score":0.48582980036735535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.4756888151168823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.47440361976623535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90559484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778379","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.47203269600868225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40346341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1391629","display_name":"Facial Action Coding System","level":3,"score":0.46971315145492554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83248878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q344000","display_name":"Active appearance model","level":3,"score":0.4602794051170349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987714656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185804","display_name":"Facial expression recognition","level":4,"score":0.45085400342941284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54654163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428359","display_name":"Face hallucination","level":5,"score":0.4474914073944092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4463646113872528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4025416672229767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.37433183193206787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4641261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11681085","display_name":"Face detection","level":4,"score":0.2894095480442047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.1186261773109436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.07370457053184509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4018/ijtem.2014010108","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijtem.2014010108","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172606","display_name":"International Journal of Technology and Educational Marketing","issn_l":"2155-5605","issn":["2155-5605","2155-5613"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Technology and Educational Marketing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:igg:jtem00:v:4:y:2014:i:1:p:95-105","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://services.igi-global.com/resolvedoi/resolve.aspx?doi=10.4018/ijtem.2014010108","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7400000095367432,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1487870138","https://openalex.org/W1588539311","https://openalex.org/W1593625692","https://openalex.org/W1677409904","https://openalex.org/W2016859189","https://openalex.org/W2056885523","https://openalex.org/W2076611512","https://openalex.org/W2100009494","https://openalex.org/W2102322178","https://openalex.org/W2106309274","https://openalex.org/W2116277445","https://openalex.org/W2124079640","https://openalex.org/W2151103935","https://openalex.org/W2167330526","https://openalex.org/W2167955297","https://openalex.org/W2217896605","https://openalex.org/W3097096317","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6634713522"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2137969366","https://openalex.org/W2283016944","https://openalex.org/W1499892990","https://openalex.org/W2520688164","https://openalex.org/W2081172408","https://openalex.org/W1831484856","https://openalex.org/W2104922849","https://openalex.org/W2536577712","https://openalex.org/W2244871806","https://openalex.org/W1584372158"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Enabling":[0],"computer":[1],"systems":[2],"to":[3,30,66,83,98],"track":[4],"and":[5,9,50],"recognize":[6,84],"facial":[7,34,47,51,86],"expressions":[8],"then":[10,81],"infer":[11],"emotions":[12],"from":[13],"about":[14],"real":[15,27],"time":[16,28],"video":[17,38],"is":[18,39,59,97],"a":[19,26,63,100,104,109],"challenging":[20],"research":[21],"topic.":[22],"In":[23],"this":[24,95],"work,":[25],"approach":[29],"emotion":[31],"recognition":[32,53],"through":[33],"expression":[35,52,87],"in":[36,88],"live":[37],"introduced.":[40],"Several":[41],"automatic":[42],"methods":[43],"for":[44,113],"face":[45,64],"localization,":[46],"feature":[48],"tracker,":[49],"are":[54,80],"employed.":[55],"A":[56],"robust":[57],"tracking":[58,75],"achieved":[60],"by":[61],"using":[62],"mask":[65],"resolve":[67],"mismatches":[68],"that":[69],"could":[70],"be":[71],"generated":[72],"during":[73],"the":[74,85],"process.":[76],"Action":[77],"units":[78],"(AUs)":[79],"built":[82],"each":[89],"frame.":[90],"The":[91],"main":[92],"objective":[93],"of":[94,103],"work":[96],"provide":[99],"prediction":[101],"ability":[102],"human":[105],"behavior":[106],"such":[107],"as":[108],"crime,":[110],"angry":[111],"or":[112],"being":[114],"nervous.":[115]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
