{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2228054425","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijsds.2015100101","title":"Quantitative Approaches to Representing the Value of Information within the Intelligence Cycle","display_name":"Quantitative Approaches to Representing the Value of Information within the Intelligence Cycle","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2228054425","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijsds.2015100101","mag":"2228054425"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4018/ijsds.2015100101","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijsds.2015100101","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S11317544","display_name":"International Journal of Strategic Decision Sciences","issn_l":"1947-8569","issn":["1947-8569","1947-8577"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Strategic Decision Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102883888","display_name":"Christopher M. Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8288-270X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher M. Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["TRADOC Analysis Center, Monterey, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TRADOC Analysis Center, Monterey, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051468788","display_name":"William T. Scherer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1069-7898"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51556381","display_name":"University of Virginia","ror":"https://ror.org/0153tk833","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William T. Scherer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems and Information Engineering, University of Virginia Charlottesville, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems and Information Engineering, University of Virginia Charlottesville, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111414456","display_name":"Andrew Todd","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51556381","display_name":"University of Virginia","ror":"https://ror.org/0153tk833","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Todd","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems and Information Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems and Information Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084985389","display_name":"Daniel T. Maxwell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4115-2727"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel T. Maxwell","raw_affiliation_strings":["KaDSci, LLC, Springfield, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KaDSci, LLC, Springfield, VA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4644,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9385949,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"4","first_page":"1","last_page":"21"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12572","display_name":"Intelligence, Security, War Strategy","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12572","display_name":"Intelligence, Security, War Strategy","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12888","display_name":"Military Strategy and Technology","score":0.9452999830245972,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13204","display_name":"Competitive and Knowledge Intelligence","score":0.9200999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/value-of-information","display_name":"Value of information","score":0.7073129415512085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligence-analysis","display_name":"Intelligence analysis","score":0.6694616675376892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6605300307273865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/valuation","display_name":"Valuation (finance)","score":0.4885805547237396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-economics","display_name":"Information economics","score":0.48740699887275696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perfect-information","display_name":"Perfect information","score":0.4604194462299347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/value","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","score":0.4260757863521576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-analysis","display_name":"Decision analysis","score":0.424093097448349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4239214360713959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-intelligence","display_name":"Business intelligence","score":0.4194519519805908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.28752005100250244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.23672330379486084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.20933973789215088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.15826451778411865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics","display_name":"Microeconomics","score":0.13626879453659058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.11892393231391907}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92424840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7912772","display_name":"Value of information","level":2,"score":0.7073129415512085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C517642484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388514","display_name":"Intelligence analysis","level":2,"score":0.6694616675376892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6605300307273865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186027771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4008379","display_name":"Valuation (finance)","level":2,"score":0.4885805547237396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119982944","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1394203","display_name":"Information economics","level":2,"score":0.48740699887275696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123676819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074338","display_name":"Perfect information","level":2,"score":0.4604194462299347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4260757863521576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186116695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5249226","display_name":"Decision analysis","level":2,"score":0.424093097448349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4239214360713959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2767350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6662173","display_name":"Business intelligence","level":2,"score":0.4194519519805908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.28752005100250244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.23672330379486084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.20933973789215088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.15826451778411865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.13626879453659058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.11892393231391907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4018/ijsds.2015100101","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijsds.2015100101","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S11317544","display_name":"International Journal of Strategic Decision Sciences","issn_l":"1947-8569","issn":["1947-8569","1947-8577"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Strategic Decision Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:igg:jsds00:v:6:y:2015:i:4:p:1-21","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://services.igi-global.com/resolvedoi/resolve.aspx?doi=10.4018/IJSDS.2015100101","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8100000023841858}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W50259499","https://openalex.org/W158727920","https://openalex.org/W348452262","https://openalex.org/W578769433","https://openalex.org/W1508973173","https://openalex.org/W1515472637","https://openalex.org/W1525261894","https://openalex.org/W1531996900","https://openalex.org/W1533657962","https://openalex.org/W1534360090","https://openalex.org/W1548666001","https://openalex.org/W1581609803","https://openalex.org/W1594221024","https://openalex.org/W1916916970","https://openalex.org/W1965231732","https://openalex.org/W1968295004","https://openalex.org/W1968816220","https://openalex.org/W1983518553","https://openalex.org/W1985492817","https://openalex.org/W2029015655","https://openalex.org/W2041404167","https://openalex.org/W2043501579","https://openalex.org/W2049589130","https://openalex.org/W2053461419","https://openalex.org/W2066636486","https://openalex.org/W2067798573","https://openalex.org/W2090841440","https://openalex.org/W2102469928","https://openalex.org/W2114188742","https://openalex.org/W2119173531","https://openalex.org/W2147704565","https://openalex.org/W2152143801","https://openalex.org/W2155811191","https://openalex.org/W2159844126","https://openalex.org/W2338750059","https://openalex.org/W2404315390","https://openalex.org/W2477086496","https://openalex.org/W2504072596","https://openalex.org/W2752099845","https://openalex.org/W2785591918","https://openalex.org/W3139574540"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2153645419","https://openalex.org/W3014568601","https://openalex.org/W2328879940","https://openalex.org/W2800100122","https://openalex.org/W1666243736","https://openalex.org/W1576953753","https://openalex.org/W1498359809","https://openalex.org/W2228054425","https://openalex.org/W3166074354","https://openalex.org/W4235291247"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"authors":[1],"propose":[2],"that":[3,133],"valuation":[4],"of":[5,12,37,62,77,95,102,110],"information":[6,25,51,55,63,96,104,112],"metrics":[7,19],"developed":[8],"near":[9],"the":[10,13,35,50,59,74,93,99,107,137,163,181],"end":[11],"intelligence":[14,40,87,138,161],"cycle":[15],"are":[16,30],"appropriate":[17],"supplemental":[18],"for":[20],"national":[21,38,85],"security":[22,39,86],"intelligence.":[23,53,182],"Existing":[24],"and":[26,106,114,124,173],"decision":[27,134,158,169],"theoretic":[28,170],"frameworks":[29],"often":[31],"either":[32],"inapplicable":[33,82],"in":[34,83,162],"context":[36],"or":[41,52],"they":[42],"capture":[43],"affects":[44],"from":[45,48,177],"inputs":[46,176],"aside":[47],"just":[49,126,180],"Applied":[54],"theory":[56,123],"looks":[57],"at":[58],"syntactic":[60],"transmission":[61],"rather":[64],"than":[65],"assigning":[66],"it":[67,129,152],"a":[68,84],"quantitative":[69],"value.":[70],"Information":[71],"economics":[72],"determines":[73],"market":[75],"value":[76,94,101,109,147],"information,":[78],"which":[79,166],"is":[80,153],"also":[81],"context.":[88],"Decision":[89],"analysis":[90],"can":[91,118],"use":[92,160],"to":[97,146,155],"show":[98],"expected":[100,108],"perfect":[103],"(EVPI)":[105],"imperfect":[111],"(EVII)":[113],"although":[115],"this":[116],"method":[117],"be":[119],"used":[120],"with":[121],"utility":[122],"not":[125],"monetary":[127],"objectives,":[128],"has":[130],"been":[131],"shown":[132],"makers":[135,159],"within":[136,149],"community":[139],"(IC)":[140],"have":[141],"difficulty":[142],"agreeing":[143],"upon":[144],"how":[145,157],"objectives":[148],"analysis.":[150],"Additionally,":[151],"difficult":[154],"determine":[156],"decision-making":[164],"process,":[165],"makes":[167],"existing":[168],"methods":[171],"problematic,":[172],"might":[174],"include":[175],"variables":[178],"besides":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T06:19:23.411458","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
