{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2269485989","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijsda.2016010102","title":"A System Dynamics Model for Subsistence Farmers' Food Security Resilience in Sub-Saharan Africa","display_name":"A System Dynamics Model for Subsistence Farmers' Food Security Resilience in Sub-Saharan Africa","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2269485989","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijsda.2016010102","mag":"2269485989"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4018/ijsda.2016010102","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijsda.2016010102","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210210041","display_name":"International Journal of System Dynamics Applications","issn_l":"2160-9772","issn":["2160-9772","2160-9799"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of System Dynamics Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011730353","display_name":"Benedict Oyo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0859-9858"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137616099","display_name":"Tshwane University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037mrss42","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137616099"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Benedict Oyo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137616099"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080017380","display_name":"Billy Mathias Kalema","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2405-9088"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137616099","display_name":"Tshwane University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037mrss42","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137616099"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Billy Mathias Kalema","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137616099"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011730353"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137616099"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.9939,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98289914,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"1","first_page":"17","last_page":"30"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10367","display_name":"Agricultural Innovations and Practices","score":0.9850999712944031,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10367","display_name":"Agricultural Innovations and Practices","score":0.9850999712944031,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10439","display_name":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","score":0.9562000036239624,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11886","display_name":"Agricultural risk and resilience","score":0.9541000127792358,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subsistence-agriculture","display_name":"Subsistence agriculture","score":0.9142715930938721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/food-security","display_name":"Food security","score":0.7755178213119507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/livelihood","display_name":"Livelihood","score":0.7075343728065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","score":0.673399806022644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resilience","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","score":0.5977401733398438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.5600794553756714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychological-resilience","display_name":"Psychological resilience","score":0.539344310760498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-resource-economics","display_name":"Natural resource economics","score":0.4823424518108368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/provisioning","display_name":"Provisioning","score":0.4550907611846924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-degradation","display_name":"Land degradation","score":0.45201194286346436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scarcity","display_name":"Scarcity","score":0.4510580003261566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agriculture","display_name":"Agriculture","score":0.4411100745201111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deforestation","display_name":"Deforestation (computer science)","score":0.4235777258872986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainability","display_name":"Sustainability","score":0.4129737615585327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.3790780007839203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-resource-management","display_name":"Environmental resource management","score":0.3559696674346924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.2652880549430847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.1513431966304779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09839966893196106}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156005406","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2787508","display_name":"Subsistence agriculture","level":3,"score":0.9142715930938721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C549605437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1229911","display_name":"Food security","level":3,"score":0.7755178213119507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3987366","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6658164","display_name":"Livelihood","level":3,"score":0.7075343728065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.673399806022644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.5977401733398438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5600794553756714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137176749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4105337","display_name":"Psychological resilience","level":2,"score":0.539344310760498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175605778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3299701","display_name":"Natural resource economics","level":1,"score":0.4823424518108368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172191483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071806","display_name":"Provisioning","level":2,"score":0.4550907611846924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113052830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3497778","display_name":"Land degradation","level":3,"score":0.45201194286346436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109747225","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815758","display_name":"Scarcity","level":2,"score":0.4510580003261566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.4411100745201111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777399953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155658","display_name":"Deforestation (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4235777258872986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66204764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416","display_name":"Sustainability","level":2,"score":0.4129737615585327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3790780007839203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.3559696674346924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.2652880549430847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.1513431966304779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09839966893196106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4018/ijsda.2016010102","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijsda.2016010102","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210210041","display_name":"International Journal of System Dynamics Applications","issn_l":"2160-9772","issn":["2160-9772","2160-9799"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of System Dynamics Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:igg:jsda00:v:5:y:2016:i:1:p:17-30","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://services.igi-global.com/resolvedoi/resolve.aspx?doi=10.4018/IJSDA.2016010102","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.6100000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4826593","https://openalex.org/W90115928","https://openalex.org/W600837154","https://openalex.org/W1485092191","https://openalex.org/W1487307189","https://openalex.org/W1498462675","https://openalex.org/W2010027748","https://openalex.org/W2029478106","https://openalex.org/W2085630455","https://openalex.org/W2091254911","https://openalex.org/W2114926945","https://openalex.org/W2123804012","https://openalex.org/W2124016268","https://openalex.org/W2140391358","https://openalex.org/W2161541044","https://openalex.org/W2195740158","https://openalex.org/W2240174013","https://openalex.org/W2497622547","https://openalex.org/W2552204916","https://openalex.org/W3124988189","https://openalex.org/W3125406348","https://openalex.org/W3125917563","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4315487160","https://openalex.org/W2383099916","https://openalex.org/W2023440367","https://openalex.org/W1562862431","https://openalex.org/W3121753747","https://openalex.org/W1988069684","https://openalex.org/W1497076710","https://openalex.org/W3141572932","https://openalex.org/W2362664080","https://openalex.org/W2381039475"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Food":[0],"security":[1,120],"at":[2,85],"subsistence":[3,101,139],"farmers'":[4],"level":[5],"in":[6,142],"sub-Saharan":[7],"Africa":[8],"has":[9],"become":[10],"an":[11],"issue":[12],"of":[13,23,55,150],"concern":[14],"due":[15],"to":[16,62,74,103,125,132],"increasing":[17],"vulnerability":[18],"caused":[19],"by":[20,64],"a":[21,113],"number":[22],"factors":[24,97],"such":[25],"as:":[26],"changing":[27],"climate,":[28],"resource":[29],"scarcity":[30],"(e.g.":[31,37],"land":[32],"and":[33,42,48,70,87,109,111,145],"inputs),":[34],"environmental":[35],"degradation":[36],"declining":[38],"soil":[39],"fertility,":[40],"deforestation,":[41],"surface":[43],"water":[44],"eutrophication),":[45],"market":[46,146],"failures":[47],"weak":[49],"public/donor":[50],"support":[51],"initiatives.":[52],"In":[53,90],"light":[54],"these":[56],"challenges,":[57],"farmers":[58,102,140],"must":[59],"be":[60,80],"prepared":[61],"survive":[63],"self-provisioning.":[65],"To":[66],"pursue":[67],"the":[68,93,96,106,126,134],"fastest":[69],"most":[71],"practical":[72],"route":[73],"improved":[75],"food":[76,119],"security,":[77],"focus":[78],"should":[79],"on":[81,122],"resilience":[82],"based":[83,121],"initiatives":[84,123],"household":[86],"community":[88],"levels.":[89],"this":[91],"paper,":[92],"authors":[94],"investigate":[95],"that":[98],"have":[99],"enabled":[100],"succeed":[104],"despite":[105],"previous":[107],"shocks":[108],"stresses,":[110],"develop":[112],"system":[114],"dynamics":[115],"model":[116,129],"for":[117],"sustainable":[118],"exclusive":[124],"farmers.":[127],"The":[128],"is":[130],"used":[131],"examine":[133],"question:":[135],"how":[136],"can":[137],"innovative":[138],"engage":[141],"better":[143],"livelihood":[144],"orientated":[147],"production":[148],"irrespective":[149],"external":[151],"public":[152],"or":[153],"donor":[154],"support?":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}