{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2427692750","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijitwe.2015070104","title":"A High-Capacity Covering Code for Voice-Over-IP Steganography","display_name":"A High-Capacity Covering Code for Voice-Over-IP Steganography","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2427692750","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijitwe.2015070104","mag":"2427692750"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4018/ijitwe.2015070104","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijitwe.2015070104","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S152329874","display_name":"International Journal of Information Technology and Web Engineering","issn_l":"1554-1045","issn":["1554-1045","1554-1053"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Information Technology and Web Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100681240","display_name":"Hui Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1591-656X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119045251","display_name":"Huaqiao University","ror":"https://ror.org/03frdh605","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119045251"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hui Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119045251"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061215231","display_name":"Jie Qin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0306-534X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119045251","display_name":"Huaqiao University","ror":"https://ror.org/03frdh605","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119045251"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Qin","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119045251"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100768896","display_name":"Yongfeng Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3825-2230"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongfeng Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049151787","display_name":"Xu An Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2070-4913"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xu An Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering University of CAPF, Xian, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering University of CAPF, Xian, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100642607","display_name":"Jin Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7249-698X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119045251","display_name":"Huaqiao University","ror":"https://ror.org/03frdh605","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119045251"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119045251"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101947956","display_name":"Yonghong Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5312-1517"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119045251","display_name":"Huaqiao University","ror":"https://ror.org/03frdh605","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119045251"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yonghong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119045251"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006546107","display_name":"Tian Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4819-621X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119045251","display_name":"Huaqiao University","ror":"https://ror.org/03frdh605","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119045251"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tian Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119045251"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059272149","display_name":"Yiqiao Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4295-5633"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119045251","display_name":"Huaqiao University","ror":"https://ror.org/03frdh605","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119045251"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiqiao Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119045251"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100681240"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119045251"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.21177655,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"3","first_page":"46","last_page":"63"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganography","display_name":"Steganography","score":0.9335275888442993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.7731807231903076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.750819981098175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transparency","display_name":"Transparency (behavior)","score":0.7417562007904053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-word","display_name":"Code word","score":0.7121531963348389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cover","display_name":"Cover (algebra)","score":0.6416342258453369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.5932947397232056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/least-significant-bit","display_name":"Least significant bit","score":0.4871213436126709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.46323248744010925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distortion","display_name":"Distortion (music)","score":0.462755411863327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-hiding","display_name":"Information hiding","score":0.41326555609703064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.388962060213089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3636188805103302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3515669107437134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.16477680206298828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.11713245511054993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.07052880525588989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.06994351744651794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.0549260675907135}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108801101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15032","display_name":"Steganography","level":3,"score":0.9335275888442993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.7731807231903076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.750819981098175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780233690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535347","display_name":"Transparency (behavior)","level":2,"score":0.7417562007904053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153207627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863873","display_name":"Code word","level":3,"score":0.7121531963348389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780428219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16952335","display_name":"Cover (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.6416342258453369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5932947397232056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4305246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3885225","display_name":"Least significant bit","level":2,"score":0.4871213436126709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.46323248744010925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126780896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899871","display_name":"Distortion (music)","level":4,"score":0.462755411863327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3073032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15912075","display_name":"Information hiding","level":3,"score":0.41326555609703064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.388962060213089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3636188805103302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3515669107437134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.16477680206298828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.11713245511054993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.07052880525588989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.06994351744651794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0549260675907135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4018/ijitwe.2015070104","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijitwe.2015070104","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S152329874","display_name":"International Journal of Information Technology and Web Engineering","issn_l":"1554-1045","issn":["1554-1045","1554-1053"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Information Technology and Web Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:igg:jitwe0:v:10:y:2015:i:3:p:46-63","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://services.igi-global.com/resolvedoi/resolve.aspx?doi=10.4018/IJITWE.2015070104","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W9942248","https://openalex.org/W260592421","https://openalex.org/W625945764","https://openalex.org/W1255303312","https://openalex.org/W1602245059","https://openalex.org/W1760530029","https://openalex.org/W1832555003","https://openalex.org/W1971037086","https://openalex.org/W1976757120","https://openalex.org/W1978627933","https://openalex.org/W1996609181","https://openalex.org/W2013795859","https://openalex.org/W2015247917","https://openalex.org/W2026170051","https://openalex.org/W2026280675","https://openalex.org/W2031029123","https://openalex.org/W2049902977","https://openalex.org/W2053969644","https://openalex.org/W2084205264","https://openalex.org/W2091602573","https://openalex.org/W2094710184","https://openalex.org/W2097111625","https://openalex.org/W2103228545","https://openalex.org/W2105568252","https://openalex.org/W2110507872","https://openalex.org/W2124042115","https://openalex.org/W2134499422","https://openalex.org/W2150772017","https://openalex.org/W2152988830","https://openalex.org/W2153153547","https://openalex.org/W2158671594","https://openalex.org/W2329303397","https://openalex.org/W3148759324"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3127945325","https://openalex.org/W2205085860","https://openalex.org/W2885826910","https://openalex.org/W2134958869","https://openalex.org/W2181427603","https://openalex.org/W2409080236","https://openalex.org/W2977151837","https://openalex.org/W2074995973","https://openalex.org/W2796470635","https://openalex.org/W2771684231"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Although":[0],"steganographic":[1,17,39,148],"transparency":[2,40,149],"and":[3,22,150,153],"embedding":[4,45,89,108,151],"capacity":[5],"are":[6],"considered":[7],"to":[8,24,37],"be":[9,111],"two":[10,84,159],"conflicting":[11],"objectives":[12,160],"in":[13,31],"the":[14,47,91,97,107,139,158,162],"design":[15],"of":[16,60,66,128],"systems,":[18],"it":[19],"is":[20,80,94,117],"possible":[21],"necessary":[23],"strike":[25],"a":[26,50,125],"good":[27,144],"balance":[28,156],"between":[29,157],"them":[30],"Voice-over-IP":[32],"steganography.":[33],"In":[34,88,104],"this":[35,105],"paper,":[36],"improve":[38],"while":[41],"maintaining":[42],"relatively":[43],"large":[44,126],"capacity,":[46,152],"authors":[48],"present":[49],"(2n-1,":[51],"2n)":[52],"covering":[53],"code,":[54],"which":[55],"can":[56,110,142],"hide":[57],"2n-1":[58],"bits":[59,65],"secret":[61,78],"messages":[62,68],"into":[63,83],"2n":[64],"cover":[67,92],"with":[69,96,102,121,124],"not":[70],"more":[71,100],"than":[72,161],"n-bit":[73],"changed.":[74],"Specifically,":[75],"each":[76],"(2n-1)-bit":[77],"message":[79,93],"first":[81],"transformed":[82],"2n-bit":[85],"candidate":[86],"codewords.":[87],"process,":[90],"replaced":[95],"optimal":[98],"codeword":[99],"similar":[101],"it.":[103],"way,":[106],"distortion":[109],"largely":[112],"reduced.":[113],"The":[114,134],"proposed":[115],"method":[116],"evaluated":[118],"by":[119],"comparing":[120],"existing":[122,163],"ones":[123],"number":[127],"ITU-T":[129],"G.729a":[130],"encoded":[131],"speech":[132],"samples.":[133],"experimental":[135],"results":[136],"show":[137],"that":[138],"authors'":[140],"scheme":[141],"provide":[143],"performance":[145],"on":[146],"both":[147],"achieve":[154],"better":[155],"ones.":[164]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-02-09T09:26:11.010843","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}