{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2307847828","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijitwe.2015070103","title":"A Study on Components and Features in Face Detection","display_name":"A Study on Components and Features in Face Detection","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2307847828","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijitwe.2015070103","mag":"2307847828"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4018/ijitwe.2015070103","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijitwe.2015070103","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S152329874","display_name":"International Journal of Information Technology and Web Engineering","issn_l":"1554-1045","issn":["1554-1045","1554-1053"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Information Technology and Web Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015062080","display_name":"Huachun Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134428","display_name":"Chinese People's Armed Police Force Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/031jzbb03","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134428"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Hua-Chun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China & Department of Information Engineering, Engineering University of Armed Police Shanxi, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China & Department of Information Engineering, Engineering University of Armed Police Shanxi, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134428","https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049151787","display_name":"Xu An Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2070-4913"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134428","display_name":"Chinese People's Armed Police Force Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/031jzbb03","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134428"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xu An Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, Engineering University of Armed Police Shanxi, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, Engineering University of Armed Police Shanxi, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134428"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.551,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76246054,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"3","first_page":"33","last_page":"45"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9904000163078308,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8304468393325806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.749474048614502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6992327570915222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-detection","display_name":"Face detection","score":0.6900187730789185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6574404835700989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.6336352229118347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5860030651092529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.5708465576171875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-class-detection","display_name":"Object-class detection","score":0.5470505356788635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.5112366676330566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.46190863847732544}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8304468393325806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.749474048614502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6992327570915222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4641261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11681085","display_name":"Face detection","level":4,"score":0.6900187730789185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6574404835700989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.6336352229118347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5860030651092529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.5708465576171875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71681937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object-class detection","level":5,"score":0.5470505356788635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.5112366676330566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.46190863847732544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4018/ijitwe.2015070103","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijitwe.2015070103","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S152329874","display_name":"International Journal of Information Technology and Web Engineering","issn_l":"1554-1045","issn":["1554-1045","1554-1053"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Information Technology and Web Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:igg:jitwe0:v:10:y:2015:i:3:p:33-45","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://services.igi-global.com/resolvedoi/resolve.aspx?doi=10.4018/IJITWE.2015070103","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8100000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W182571476","https://openalex.org/W898114428","https://openalex.org/W1545641654","https://openalex.org/W1600397135","https://openalex.org/W1967475838","https://openalex.org/W1989106404","https://openalex.org/W1989222601","https://openalex.org/W2011503867","https://openalex.org/W2023726356","https://openalex.org/W2060776942","https://openalex.org/W2084844503","https://openalex.org/W2099712288","https://openalex.org/W2114150335","https://openalex.org/W2121601095","https://openalex.org/W2125277152","https://openalex.org/W2125802042","https://openalex.org/W2135188079","https://openalex.org/W2135404154","https://openalex.org/W2137213923","https://openalex.org/W2147880316","https://openalex.org/W2153635508","https://openalex.org/W2156165250","https://openalex.org/W2159080219","https://openalex.org/W2160022416","https://openalex.org/W2163030924","https://openalex.org/W2163965432","https://openalex.org/W2169918010","https://openalex.org/W3097096317"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2181570714","https://openalex.org/W3033332270","https://openalex.org/W2336272890","https://openalex.org/W1505272346","https://openalex.org/W3211418293","https://openalex.org/W325114128","https://openalex.org/W3183843611","https://openalex.org/W4308999381","https://openalex.org/W4308999963","https://openalex.org/W4285815683"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It's":[0],"natural":[1],"and":[2,18,33,80,96,162,177],"convenient":[3],"that":[4,110],"the":[5,13,30,56,111,134,145,151,154,159,164,185],"face":[6,26,37,39,57,117,167,186],"is":[7,58,74,81,90,118,127],"used":[8,128],"as":[9,44,129],"a":[10,45,61,77,83,105,116,121,130,137],"feature":[11,19],"in":[12,25,36,104,169,180],"city":[14],"safety":[15],"monitoring.":[16],"Components":[17],"extraction":[20],"are":[21,70,102],"two":[22],"key":[23],"problems":[24],"detection.":[27],"To":[28],"address":[29],"local":[31,64,78],"occlusion":[32],"pose":[34],"variation":[35],"detection,":[38],"can":[40,157],"be":[41,115],"looked":[42],"on":[43,93,144],"whole":[46],"composed":[47],"of":[48,63,136,166,171],"several":[49],"parts":[50,101],"from":[51,66],"up":[52],"to":[53,132],"down.":[54],"First,":[55],"divided":[59],"into":[60],"number":[62],"regions":[65],"which":[67],"various":[68],"features":[69,176],"extracted.":[71],"Each":[72],"region":[73],"identified":[75],"by":[76,120,150],"classifier":[79],"assigned":[82],"preliminary":[84],"part":[85],"label.":[86],"A":[87],"random":[88],"field":[89],"established":[91],"based":[92],"these":[94],"labels":[95],"multiple":[97,175,178],"dependencies":[98,179],"between":[99],"different":[100],"modeled":[103],"CRF":[106,123,181],"framework.":[107],"The":[108,125,139],"probability":[109,126],"test":[112,133],"image":[113],"may":[114],"calculated":[119],"trained":[122],"model.":[124],"measure":[131],"existence":[135],"face.":[138],"experiments":[140],"were":[141],"carried":[142],"out":[143],"CMU/MIT":[146],"dataset.":[147],"As":[148],"indicated":[149],"experiment":[152],"results,":[153],"following":[155],"methods":[156],"improve":[158],"detection":[160,168],"rate":[161],"enhance":[163],"robustness":[165],"case":[170],"occlusion:":[172],"1)":[173],"integrating":[174],"framework;":[182],"2)":[183],"dividing":[184],"optimally.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T06:19:23.411458","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
