{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2999367731","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijicte.2020040104","title":"Students' Difficulties in Identifying the Use of Ternary Relationships in Data Modeling","display_name":"Students' Difficulties in Identifying the Use of Ternary Relationships in Data Modeling","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2999367731","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijicte.2020040104","mag":"2999367731"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4018/ijicte.2020040104","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijicte.2020040104","pdf_url":"https://www.igi-global.com/ViewTitle.aspx?TitleId=247081&isxn=9781799803485","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S98745102","display_name":"International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education","issn_l":"1550-1337","issn":["1550-1337","1550-1876"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.igi-global.com/ViewTitle.aspx?TitleId=247081&isxn=9781799803485","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031022017","display_name":"Rami Rashkovits","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116660002","display_name":"Max Stern Academic College of Emek Yezreel","ror":"https://ror.org/05qz2dz14","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116660002"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rami Rashkovits","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yezreel Valley College, Jezreel Valley, Israel"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yezreel Valley College, Jezreel Valley, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116660002"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013078038","display_name":"Ilana Lavy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116660002","display_name":"Max Stern Academic College of Emek Yezreel","ror":"https://ror.org/05qz2dz14","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116660002"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ilana Lavy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yezreel Valley College, Jezreel Valley, Israel"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yezreel Valley College, Jezreel Valley, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116660002"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031022017"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116660002"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3084,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58295008,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"2","first_page":"47","last_page":"58"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11986","display_name":"Scientific Computing and Data Management","score":0.9853000044822693,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9837999939918518,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6701201796531677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflection","display_name":"Reflection (computer programming)","score":0.5913033485412598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.5363669991493225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.47379419207572937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-data","display_name":"Binary data","score":0.43753644824028015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ternary-operation","display_name":"Ternary operation","score":0.43500056862831116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.3801976442337036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3654443025588989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3442344069480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12328356504440308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.09383466839790344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6701201796531677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65682993","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056451","display_name":"Reflection (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.5913033485412598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.5363669991493225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.47379419207572937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779190172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4913888","display_name":"Binary data","level":3,"score":0.43753644824028015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64452783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1524945","display_name":"Ternary operation","level":2,"score":0.43500056862831116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.3801976442337036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3654443025588989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3442344069480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12328356504440308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.09383466839790344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4018/ijicte.2020040104","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijicte.2020040104","pdf_url":"https://www.igi-global.com/ViewTitle.aspx?TitleId=247081&isxn=9781799803485","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S98745102","display_name":"International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education","issn_l":"1550-1337","issn":["1550-1337","1550-1876"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4018/ijicte.2020040104","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijicte.2020040104","pdf_url":"https://www.igi-global.com/ViewTitle.aspx?TitleId=247081&isxn=9781799803485","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S98745102","display_name":"International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education","issn_l":"1550-1337","issn":["1550-1337","1550-1876"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8100000023841858,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2999367731.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2999367731.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W43336110","https://openalex.org/W158727920","https://openalex.org/W181322492","https://openalex.org/W1516534262","https://openalex.org/W1568955415","https://openalex.org/W1984702852","https://openalex.org/W1986899967","https://openalex.org/W1995529329","https://openalex.org/W2035489143","https://openalex.org/W2054120401","https://openalex.org/W2119397396","https://openalex.org/W2134885830","https://openalex.org/W2144192824","https://openalex.org/W2945526390","https://openalex.org/W4210764005","https://openalex.org/W4292157289","https://openalex.org/W4301511779"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W1493457150","https://openalex.org/W2383472007","https://openalex.org/W2361915255","https://openalex.org/W2624306448","https://openalex.org/W2372360037","https://openalex.org/W3122736082","https://openalex.org/W2730727047","https://openalex.org/W2364045976","https://openalex.org/W1486048436"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,63],"present":[1],"study":[2],"examines":[3],"the":[4,70,80,106,109,114,118,140,147],"difficulties":[5,26],"novice":[6],"data":[7,15,32,115],"modelers":[8],"face":[9],"when":[10],"asked":[11],"to":[12,23,37,69,103],"provide":[13],"a":[14,18,96],"model":[16],"addressing":[17],"given":[19,36],"problem.":[20],"In":[21,138],"order":[22,102],"map":[24],"these":[25,89],"and":[27,133],"their":[28,121,131],"causes,":[29],"two":[30],"short":[31],"modeling":[33],"problems":[34,50],"were":[35,66,93,124],"82":[38],"students":[39,81,100],"who":[40],"had":[41],"completed":[42],"an":[43,86],"introductory":[44],"course":[45],"in":[46,101],"database":[47],"modeling.":[48],"Both":[49],"involve":[51],"three":[52],"entity":[53],"sets":[54],"with":[55,95],"relationships":[56],"between":[57],"them,":[58],"either":[59],"ternary":[60],"or":[61],"binary.":[62],"students'":[64,110],"solutions":[65,123],"classified":[67],"according":[68],"types":[71],"of":[72,79,88,99,128,135],"errors":[73],"they":[74],"committed.":[75],"More":[76],"than":[77],"half":[78],"provided":[82],"faulty":[83],"solutions.":[84],"After":[85],"analysis":[87],"results,":[90],"open":[91],"interviews":[92],"conducted":[94],"selected":[97],"group":[98],"figure":[104],"out":[105],"reasons":[107,119],"underlying":[108],"erroneous":[111,122],"decisions":[112],"regarding":[113],"model.":[116],"Among":[117],"for":[120],"insufficient":[125],"experience,":[126],"lack":[127,134],"reflection":[129],"on":[130],"solution,":[132],"immediate":[136],"feedback.":[137],"addition,":[139],"authors":[141],"suggest":[142],"instructional":[143],"modifications":[144],"derived":[145],"from":[146],"research":[148],"results.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}