{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2888193989","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijicte.2018100108","title":"Independent Learning of Digital Animation","display_name":"Independent Learning of Digital Animation","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-08-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2888193989","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijicte.2018100108","mag":"2888193989"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4018/ijicte.2018100108","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijicte.2018100108","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S98745102","display_name":"International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education","issn_l":"1550-1337","issn":["1550-1337","1550-1876"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103846936","display_name":"May-Chan Yuen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I931681460","display_name":"Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman","ror":"https://ror.org/050pq4m56","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I931681460"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"May-Chan Yuen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Malaysia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I931681460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046721615","display_name":"Ah Choo Koo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1706-1796"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173029219","display_name":"Multimedia University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zrbnc33","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ah-Choo Koo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, Malaysia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103803334","display_name":"Peter Charles Woods","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173029219","display_name":"Multimedia University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zrbnc33","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter C. Woods","raw_affiliation_strings":["Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, Malaysia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103846936"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I931681460"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.829,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79483055,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"4","first_page":"107","last_page":"120"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10162","display_name":"Online and Blended Learning","score":0.9872000217437744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10162","display_name":"Online and Blended Learning","score":0.9872000217437744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10636","display_name":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","score":0.9807000160217285,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11526","display_name":"Innovative Teaching Methods","score":0.9801999926567078,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/creativity","display_name":"Creativity","score":0.6180148124694824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/animation","display_name":"Animation","score":0.5962868928909302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.4843088686466217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.4533511996269226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/connectivism","display_name":"Connectivism","score":0.44623830914497375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.4435420632362366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.44294473528862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/instructional-design","display_name":"Instructional design","score":0.4386405348777771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedagogy","display_name":"Pedagogy","score":0.42690807580947876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4153137803077698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.4041672945022583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-theory","display_name":"Learning theory","score":0.2642795443534851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.112376868724823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.09516477584838867}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11012388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170658","display_name":"Creativity","level":2,"score":0.6180148124694824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502989409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11425","display_name":"Animation","level":2,"score":0.5962868928909302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.4843088686466217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.4533511996269226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89980417","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056961","display_name":"Connectivism","level":3,"score":0.44623830914497375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4435420632362366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.44294473528862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159456220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q667334","display_name":"Instructional design","level":2,"score":0.4386405348777771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.42690807580947876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4153137803077698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.4041672945022583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92393732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1790374","display_name":"Learning theory","level":2,"score":0.2642795443534851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.112376868724823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.09516477584838867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4018/ijicte.2018100108","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijicte.2018100108","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S98745102","display_name":"International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education","issn_l":"1550-1337","issn":["1550-1337","1550-1876"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:shdl.mmu.edu.my:7271","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://shdl.mmu.edu.my/7271/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196753","display_name":"Siti Hasmah Digital Library-MMU Institutiona Repository (Multimedia University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I173029219","host_organization_name":"Multimedia University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8299999833106995,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W27860897","https://openalex.org/W38810865","https://openalex.org/W178933149","https://openalex.org/W600340863","https://openalex.org/W622807037","https://openalex.org/W989982669","https://openalex.org/W1487656088","https://openalex.org/W1493058538","https://openalex.org/W1592097054","https://openalex.org/W1799214817","https://openalex.org/W1924754311","https://openalex.org/W1983714019","https://openalex.org/W1998461335","https://openalex.org/W2018902191","https://openalex.org/W2028500870","https://openalex.org/W2088770245","https://openalex.org/W2097210817","https://openalex.org/W2110115102","https://openalex.org/W2120820700","https://openalex.org/W2130300678","https://openalex.org/W2134049139","https://openalex.org/W2142995122","https://openalex.org/W2148636054","https://openalex.org/W2153371396","https://openalex.org/W2170669037","https://openalex.org/W2181436310","https://openalex.org/W2390402424","https://openalex.org/W2565781217","https://openalex.org/W2592014230","https://openalex.org/W2893845591","https://openalex.org/W2990358415","https://openalex.org/W3015920038","https://openalex.org/W4242789921","https://openalex.org/W4249279666","https://openalex.org/W4292808503","https://openalex.org/W6678064627"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3183948672","https://openalex.org/W3173606202","https://openalex.org/W3110381201","https://openalex.org/W2948807893","https://openalex.org/W2778153218","https://openalex.org/W2758277628","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W1531601525","https://openalex.org/W2799481426","https://openalex.org/W2789407431"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Digital":[0],"animation":[1,75],"(DA)":[2],"is":[3],"a":[4,28],"field":[5],"of":[6,14,31,50,70,99,127,135],"art":[7],"and":[8,16,21,47,139],"design":[9,15],"which":[10],"requires":[11],"certain":[12],"level":[13],"computer":[17],"skills":[18,39],"with":[19,103],"creativity":[20],"storytelling.":[22],"Learners":[23],"are":[24],"required":[25],"to":[26,133],"spend":[27],"considerable":[29],"amount":[30],"time":[32],"on":[33,114],"their":[34,41,68,118,125],"own":[35],"for":[36,117],"practicing":[37],"the":[38,96,115,120],"after":[40],"formal":[42],"classes.":[43],"Guided":[44],"by":[45],"connectivism":[46],"Meyer's":[48],"factors":[49,66],"independent":[51,58,71,100,130],"learning,":[52],"this":[53],"article":[54],"aims":[55],"at":[56,78],"defining":[57],"learning":[59,101,106],"from":[60],"digital":[61,74,109],"learners'":[62],"perspective":[63,98],"and,":[64],"identifying":[65],"influencing":[67],"moves":[69],"learning.":[72],"Twenty":[73],"students":[76,121],"enrolled":[77],"three":[79],"higher":[80],"education":[81],"institutions":[82],"in":[83,86,124],"Malaysia":[84],"participated":[85],"focus":[87],"group":[88],"discussions":[89],"(FGD).":[90],"Overall":[91],"thematic":[92],"analysis":[93],"revealed":[94],"that":[95],"students'":[97],"corroborated":[102],"most":[104],"student-centred":[105],"concepts.":[107],"The":[108],"learners":[110],"were":[111],"highly":[112],"dependent":[113],"Internet":[116],"learning;":[119],"however":[122],"struggled":[123],"pursuit":[126],"becoming":[128],"an":[129],"learner":[131],"due":[132],"fear":[134],"failure":[136],"(or":[137],"kiasuism),":[138],"self-criticism.":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
