{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1204404493","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijec.2015100101","title":"Common Method Bias in PLS-SEM","display_name":"Common Method Bias in PLS-SEM","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1204404493","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijec.2015100101","mag":"1204404493"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4018/ijec.2015100101","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijec.2015100101","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129960573","display_name":"International Journal of e-Collaboration","issn_l":"1548-3673","issn":["1548-3673","1548-3681"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of e-Collaboration","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038013745","display_name":"Ned Kock","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5791-5434"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131740757","display_name":"Texas A&M International University","ror":"https://ror.org/028861t28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131740757"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ned Kock","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of International Business and Technology Studies, Texas A&M International University, Laredo, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of International Business and Technology Studies, Texas A&M International University, Laredo, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131740757"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038013745"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131740757"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":95.4217,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8226,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99948812,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"4","first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10068","display_name":"Technology Adoption and User Behaviour","score":0.9046000242233276,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10068","display_name":"Technology Adoption and User Behaviour","score":0.9046000242233276,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collinearity","display_name":"Collinearity","score":0.7935598492622375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5573945641517639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.5572006702423096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5451722145080566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monte-carlo-method","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","score":0.5129849314689636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.46415385603904724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/partial-least-squares-regression","display_name":"Partial least squares regression","score":0.4138012230396271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3729335367679596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/econometrics","display_name":"Econometrics","score":0.3281969428062439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3207783102989197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2905537188053131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.20968705415725708}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106192678","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1419761","display_name":"Collinearity","level":2,"score":0.7935598492622375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5573945641517639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5572006702423096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5451722145080566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.5129849314689636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.46415385603904724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22354355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422009","display_name":"Partial least squares regression","level":2,"score":0.4138012230396271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3729335367679596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.3281969428062439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3207783102989197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2905537188053131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.20968705415725708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4018/ijec.2015100101","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijec.2015100101","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129960573","display_name":"International Journal of e-Collaboration","issn_l":"1548-3673","issn":["1548-3673","1548-3681"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of e-Collaboration","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:igg:jec000:v:11:y:2015:i:4:p:1-10","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://services.igi-global.com/resolvedoi/resolve.aspx?doi=10.4018/ijec.2015100101","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.699999988079071}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W130710483","https://openalex.org/W855668949","https://openalex.org/W1499012572","https://openalex.org/W1985093013","https://openalex.org/W1990694309","https://openalex.org/W2013232512","https://openalex.org/W2022514299","https://openalex.org/W2030130848","https://openalex.org/W2030637738","https://openalex.org/W2055509010","https://openalex.org/W2056795330","https://openalex.org/W2106096361","https://openalex.org/W2110380098","https://openalex.org/W2156496017","https://openalex.org/W2163781538","https://openalex.org/W2164389739","https://openalex.org/W2320821530","https://openalex.org/W2325996734","https://openalex.org/W3123569042","https://openalex.org/W3125449341","https://openalex.org/W4243212781","https://openalex.org/W4292691288"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899183907","https://openalex.org/W2014717413","https://openalex.org/W2008421044","https://openalex.org/W1971671309","https://openalex.org/W2384565914","https://openalex.org/W2052330440","https://openalex.org/W4229048963","https://openalex.org/W1571353582","https://openalex.org/W2056521005","https://openalex.org/W3043655021"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,67],"author":[1],"discusses":[2],"common":[3,36,53,100],"method":[4,18,37,54,101],"bias":[5,55,102],"in":[6,75,96],"the":[7,14,31,40,50,76,84,90,97],"context":[8],"of":[9,52,78,99],"structural":[10],"equation":[11],"modeling":[12],"employing":[13],"partial":[15],"least":[16],"squares":[17],"(PLS-SEM).":[19],"Two":[20],"datasets":[21],"were":[22],"created":[23],"through":[24],"a":[25,63,104,118],"Monte":[26],"Carlo":[27],"simulation":[28],"to":[29],"illustrate":[30],"discussion:":[32],"one":[33],"contaminated":[34],"by":[35,83],"bias,":[38],"and":[39,111],"other":[41],"not":[42],"contaminated.":[43],"A":[44],"practical":[45],"approach":[46],"is":[47,94],"presented":[48],"for":[49],"identification":[51,98],"based":[56,116],"on":[57,71,117],"variance":[58],"inflation":[59],"factors":[60],"generated":[61,82],"via":[62],"full":[64,91],"collinearity":[65,92],"test.":[66],"author's":[68],"discussion":[69],"builds":[70],"an":[72],"illustrative":[73],"model":[74,105],"field":[77],"e-collaboration,":[79],"with":[80,103],"outputs":[81],"software":[85],"WarpPLS.":[86],"They":[87],"demonstrate":[88],"that":[89,106],"test":[93],"successful":[95],"nevertheless":[107],"passes":[108],"standard":[109],"convergent":[110],"discriminant":[112],"validity":[113],"assessment":[114],"criteria":[115],"confirmation":[119],"factor":[120],"analysis.":[121]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1363},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2104},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1499},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1084},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":849},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":634},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":392},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":191},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":71},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-09T15:46:55.921056","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}