{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411642914","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v20i02.54517","title":"Clustering Students Based on Online Learning Interactions Using Social Network Analysis","display_name":"Clustering Students Based on Online Learning Interactions Using Social Network Analysis","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411642914","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v20i02.54517"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3991/ijet.v20i02.54517","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v20i02.54517","pdf_url":"https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jet/article/download/54517/16313","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S15272795","display_name":"International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET)","issn_l":"1863-0383","issn":["1863-0383","1868-8799"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313744","host_organization_name":"kassel university press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313744"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["kassel university press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET)","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jet/article/download/54517/16313","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070639031","display_name":"Amir Narimani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0083-8263"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138847295","display_name":"Universitat Oberta de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5wp925","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138847295"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amir Narimani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), Barcelona, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0083-8263","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138847295"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102978414","display_name":"Elena Barber\u00e0","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9315-8231"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138847295","display_name":"Universitat Oberta de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5wp925","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138847295"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elena Barber\u00e0","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), Barcelona, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9315-8231","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138847295"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138847295"],"apc_list":{"value":260,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":280},"apc_paid":{"value":260,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":280},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.11115087,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"02","first_page":"36","last_page":"50"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.8610000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.8610000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.8297932147979736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6714388132095337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-network-analysis","display_name":"Social network analysis","score":0.6263373494148254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conceptual-clustering","display_name":"Conceptual clustering","score":0.4626304805278778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-learning","display_name":"Online learning","score":0.4344167709350586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4040333926677704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3996722996234894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.2353501319885254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.18689343333244324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-clustering","display_name":"Fuzzy clustering","score":0.1386251151561737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cure-data-clustering-algorithm","display_name":"CURE data clustering algorithm","score":0.06313350796699524}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.8297932147979736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6714388132095337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114713312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7551269","display_name":"Social network analysis","level":3,"score":0.6263373494148254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39235581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5158434","display_name":"Conceptual clustering","level":5,"score":0.4626304805278778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986087404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15946010","display_name":"Online learning","level":2,"score":0.4344167709350586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4040333926677704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3996722996234894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2353501319885254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.18689343333244324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17212007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5511111","display_name":"Fuzzy clustering","level":3,"score":0.1386251151561737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33704608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5014717","display_name":"CURE data clustering algorithm","level":4,"score":0.06313350796699524}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3991/ijet.v20i02.54517","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v20i02.54517","pdf_url":"https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jet/article/download/54517/16313","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S15272795","display_name":"International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET)","issn_l":"1863-0383","issn":["1863-0383","1868-8799"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313744","host_organization_name":"kassel university press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313744"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["kassel university press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET)","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3991/ijet.v20i02.54517","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v20i02.54517","pdf_url":"https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jet/article/download/54517/16313","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S15272795","display_name":"International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET)","issn_l":"1863-0383","issn":["1863-0383","1868-8799"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313744","host_organization_name":"kassel university press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313744"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["kassel university press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET)","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328100","display_name":"Universitat Oberta de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5wp925"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411642914.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411642914.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2765274327","https://openalex.org/W4243089816","https://openalex.org/W2964040819","https://openalex.org/W2185330350","https://openalex.org/W2575198468","https://openalex.org/W4322720815","https://openalex.org/W4366850523","https://openalex.org/W4313529667","https://openalex.org/W2607137685","https://openalex.org/W4322720812"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"One":[0],"of":[1,5,79],"the":[2,121,147],"key":[3],"areas":[4],"interest":[6],"within":[7],"learning":[8,38,66],"analytics":[9],"is":[10,28,81,90],"identifying":[11],"student":[12,62],"similarities":[13],"to":[14,93],"support":[15],"collaborative":[16],"applications":[17],"such":[18,135],"as":[19,72,136],"score":[20],"prediction,":[21],"personalized":[22],"recommendations,":[23],"and":[24,43,75,101,106,128,139,150,164],"group":[25],"formation.":[26],"Clustering":[27],"a":[29,76],"prominent":[30],"method":[31],"for":[32,99,162],"grouping":[33],"students":[34,110],"based":[35],"on":[36],"shared":[37],"behaviors,":[39],"enhancing":[40],"peer":[41],"learning,":[42],"fostering":[44],"communities":[45],"in":[46,111,120],"online":[47],"courses.":[48],"This":[49,157],"study":[50,114],"introduces":[51],"an":[52,112],"intuitive":[53],"graphical":[54],"clustering":[55],"approach":[56,158],"using":[57,83],"activity":[58,104],"logs":[59,105],"that":[60,118],"track":[61],"engagement":[63],"with":[64],"different":[65],"resources.":[67],"These":[68],"interactions":[69],"are":[70],"modeled":[71],"multi-dimensional":[73],"vectors,":[74],"social":[77],"network":[78,87],"learners":[80,119],"constructed":[82],"cosine":[84],"similarity.":[85],"Social":[86],"analysis":[88],"(SNA)":[89],"then":[91],"applied":[92],"detect":[94],"learner":[95,167],"communities.":[96],"The":[97],"dataset":[98],"implementation":[100],"evaluation":[102],"includes":[103],"grades":[107],"from":[108],"792":[109],"undergraduate":[113],"program.":[115],"Results":[116],"indicate":[117],"same":[122],"clusters":[123],"have":[124],"similar":[125],"interaction":[126],"patterns":[127],"grade":[129],"point":[130],"averages":[131],"(GPAs).":[132],"Statistical":[133],"measures,":[134],"silhouette":[137],"index":[138],"root":[140],"mean":[141],"square":[142],"standard":[143],"deviation":[144],"(RMSSTD),":[145],"demonstrate":[146],"method\u2019s":[148],"effectiveness":[149],"benchmark":[151],"its":[152],"performance":[153],"against":[154],"K-means":[155],"clustering.":[156],"shows":[159],"significant":[160],"potential":[161],"uncovering":[163],"visualizing":[165],"implicit":[166],"groups.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-19T15:00:24.278416","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
