{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2973281241","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3906/elk-1811-59","title":"An improved imperialist competitive algorithm for global optimization","display_name":"An improved imperialist competitive algorithm for global optimization","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2973281241","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3906/elk-1811-59","mag":"2973281241"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3906/elk-1811-59","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3906/elk-1811-59","pdf_url":"https://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1528&context=elektrik","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S32837994","display_name":"TURKISH JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING & COMPUTER SCIENCES","issn_l":"1300-0632","issn":["1300-0632","1303-6203"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318422","host_organization_name":"Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318422"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"TURKISH JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING &amp; COMPUTER SCIENCES","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1528&context=elektrik","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020303610","display_name":"You Ting","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4439-5759"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096600","display_name":"Quzhou College of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q0v3357","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210096600"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113940042","display_name":"Shanghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/006teas31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ting YOU","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, QuZhou College, QuZhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China","School of Mechatronics Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, P.R. China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, QuZhou College, QuZhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096600"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechatronics Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074717637","display_name":"Yueli Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8686-8649"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113940042","display_name":"Shanghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/006teas31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yueli HU","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechatronics Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, P.R. China","Shanghai Key Laboratory of Power Station Automation Technology, Shanghai University, Shanghai, P.R. China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechatronics Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Power Station Automation Technology, Shanghai University, Shanghai, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031282012","display_name":"Peijiang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0881-8929"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096600","display_name":"Quzhou College of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q0v3357","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210096600"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peijiang LI","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, QuZhou College, QuZhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, QuZhou College, QuZhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096600"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001751578","display_name":"Yinggan Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7440-1742"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39333907","display_name":"Yanshan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02txfnf15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yinggan TANG","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, P.R. China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074717637"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.289,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67121797,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"5","first_page":"3567","last_page":"3581"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9679999947547913,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9679999947547913,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14083","display_name":"Extremum Seeking Control Systems","score":0.9639000296592712,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11081","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Design","score":0.9625999927520752,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/imperialist-competitive-algorithm","display_name":"Imperialist competitive algorithm","score":0.7678387761116028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5411348938941956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.4932095408439636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4836624562740326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.4561331868171692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pid-controller","display_name":"PID controller","score":0.4457477033138275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.4454440176486969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.3939308822154999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3247925639152527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.29275739192962646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.264210045337677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18735066056251526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.15415239334106445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.09307584166526794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Multi-swarm optimization","score":0.08538180589675903}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101219045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10859646","display_name":"Imperialist competitive algorithm","level":4,"score":0.7678387761116028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5411348938941956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.4932095408439636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4836624562740326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4561331868171692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47116090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q716829","display_name":"PID controller","level":3,"score":0.4457477033138275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.4454440176486969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3939308822154999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3247925639152527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.29275739192962646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.264210045337677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18735066056251526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.15415239334106445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.09307584166526794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122357587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934508","display_name":"Multi-swarm optimization","level":3,"score":0.08538180589675903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C536315585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7698332","display_name":"Temperature control","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3906/elk-1811-59","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3906/elk-1811-59","pdf_url":"https://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1528&context=elektrik","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S32837994","display_name":"TURKISH JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING & COMPUTER SCIENCES","issn_l":"1300-0632","issn":["1300-0632","1303-6203"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318422","host_organization_name":"Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318422"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"TURKISH JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING &amp; COMPUTER SCIENCES","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dergipark.org.tr:article/662325","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/tbtkelektrik/issue/50810/662325","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401840","display_name":"DergiPark (Istanbul University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67581229","host_organization_name":"Istanbul University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67581229"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"\\n                                                                    Volume: 27, Issue: 5\\n                                                                                                    3567-3581\\n                                                                \\n                            ","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3906/elk-1811-59","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3906/elk-1811-59","pdf_url":"https://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1528&context=elektrik","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S32837994","display_name":"TURKISH JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING & COMPUTER SCIENCES","issn_l":"1300-0632","issn":["1300-0632","1303-6203"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318422","host_organization_name":"Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318422"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"TURKISH JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING &amp; COMPUTER SCIENCES","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5100286862","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61603211","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5249178904","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant No. 6","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2973281241.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2973281241.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1844309481","https://openalex.org/W1969771843","https://openalex.org/W2012560188","https://openalex.org/W2017510047","https://openalex.org/W2019014100","https://openalex.org/W2019860136","https://openalex.org/W2028015409","https://openalex.org/W2029254187","https://openalex.org/W2033011996","https://openalex.org/W2046193057","https://openalex.org/W2053920997","https://openalex.org/W2059995677","https://openalex.org/W2063416495","https://openalex.org/W2064425972","https://openalex.org/W2064995481","https://openalex.org/W2078578402","https://openalex.org/W2078589821","https://openalex.org/W2081123989","https://openalex.org/W2099552132","https://openalex.org/W2107941094","https://openalex.org/W2109455985","https://openalex.org/W2117286520","https://openalex.org/W2132605307","https://openalex.org/W2163626290","https://openalex.org/W2514520847","https://openalex.org/W2543580944","https://openalex.org/W2556415540","https://openalex.org/W2608191974","https://openalex.org/W2610733934","https://openalex.org/W4298880727"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967414515","https://openalex.org/W2289289167","https://openalex.org/W2113807069","https://openalex.org/W4376623870","https://openalex.org/W2731819575","https://openalex.org/W2613673799","https://openalex.org/W2967293417","https://openalex.org/W2895841339","https://openalex.org/W3206863852","https://openalex.org/W3035117390"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,18,49,89,108],"imperialist":[1],"competitive":[2],"algorithm":[3],"(ICA),":[4],"inspired":[5],"by":[6,63],"sociopolitical":[7],"behavior":[8],"in":[9,46,57,83,156],"the":[10,32,58,67,70,74,77,85,93,98,123,132,150,153],"real":[11],"world,":[12],"is":[13],"a":[14,53,135],"new":[15,54,86],"optimization":[16,26],"algorithm.":[17],"ICA":[19,100,155],"shows":[20],"great":[21],"potential":[22],"to":[23,30,103,121],"solve":[24],"complex":[25],"problems.":[27],"In":[28],"order":[29,137],"improve":[31,104],"ICA's":[33],"exploration":[34,106],"ability":[35],"and":[36,118,130,161],"speed":[37],"up":[38],"its":[39,105],"convergence,":[40],"two":[41],"improved":[42,109],"schemes":[43],"are":[44,79,112],"proposed":[45],"this":[47],"paper.":[48],"first":[50],"scheme":[51,91],"presents":[52],"possession":[55,87],"probability":[56],"imperialistic":[59],"competition":[60],"phase.":[61],"Inspired":[62],"geopolitics,":[64],"not":[65],"only":[66],"power":[68],"of":[69,126,134,140,158],"empire":[71],"but":[72],"also":[73],"distance":[75],"between":[76],"imperialists":[78],"taken":[80],"into":[81,97],"account":[82],"calculating":[84],"probability.":[88],"second":[90],"introduces":[92],"wavelet":[94],"mutation":[95],"operator":[96],"original":[99,154],"so":[101],"as":[102],"ability.":[107],"ICAs":[110],"(IICAs)":[111],"tested":[113],"on":[114],"several":[115],"benchmark":[116],"functions":[117],"then":[119],"used":[120],"design":[122],"optimum":[124],"parameters":[125,133],"tuned":[127],"mass":[128],"damper":[129],"tune":[131],"fractional":[136],"PID":[138],"controller":[139],"an":[141],"automatic":[142],"voltage":[143],"regulator":[144],"(AVR)":[145],"system.":[146],"Results":[147],"show":[148],"that":[149],"IICAs":[151],"outperform":[152],"terms":[157],"solution":[159],"quality":[160],"convergence":[162],"speed.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
