{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4321457782","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16041748","title":"Optimisation of Mix Proportion of 3D Printable Mortar Based on Rheological Properties and Material Strength Using Factorial Design of Experiment","display_name":"Optimisation of Mix Proportion of 3D Printable Mortar Based on Rheological Properties and Material Strength Using Factorial Design of Experiment","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-02-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4321457782","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16041748","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36837377"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ma16041748","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16041748","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/4/1748/pdf?version=1676956477","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18714766","display_name":"Materials","issn_l":"1996-1944","issn":["1996-1944"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/4/1748/pdf?version=1676956477","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001011182","display_name":"Sandipan Kaushik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6989-1660"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126231945","display_name":"Queen's University Belfast","ror":"https://ror.org/00hswnk62","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sandipan Kaushik","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen\u2019s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK","School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6989-1660","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen\u2019s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080718260","display_name":"Mohammed Sonebi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8196-7747"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126231945","display_name":"Queen's University Belfast","ror":"https://ror.org/00hswnk62","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Sonebi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen\u2019s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK","School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8196-7747","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen\u2019s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012489996","display_name":"Giuseppina Amato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7237-6512"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126231945","display_name":"Queen's University Belfast","ror":"https://ror.org/00hswnk62","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giuseppina Amato","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen\u2019s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK","School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7237-6512","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen\u2019s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070279268","display_name":"Utpal Kumar Das","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6400-1083"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126601174","display_name":"Tezpur University","ror":"https://ror.org/005x56091","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126601174"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Utpal Kumar Das","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur 784028, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6400-1083","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur 784028, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126601174"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085917887","display_name":"Arnaud Perrot","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7105-4212"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161929037","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Bretagne Occidentale","ror":"https://ror.org/01b8h3982","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161929037"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802204017","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Bretagne Sud","ror":"https://ror.org/04ed7fw48","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802204017"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126368","display_name":"Institut de Recherche Dupuy de L\u00f4me","ror":"https://ror.org/03011gg73","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I180375564","https://openalex.org/I201181511","https://openalex.org/I2802204017","https://openalex.org/I4210095849","https://openalex.org/I4210126368","https://openalex.org/I4210145102","https://openalex.org/I4210148559","https://openalex.org/I4405260085"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Arnaud Perrot","raw_affiliation_strings":["FRE CNRS 3744, IRDL, Universit\u00e9 Bretagne Sud, 56100 Lorient, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7105-4212","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"FRE CNRS 3744, IRDL, Universit\u00e9 Bretagne Sud, 56100 Lorient, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802204017","https://openalex.org/I161929037","https://openalex.org/I4210126368","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085917887"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I161929037","https://openalex.org/I2802204017","https://openalex.org/I4210126368"],"apc_list":{"value":2300,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2490},"apc_paid":{"value":2300,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2490},"fwci":2.7882,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89253196,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"4","first_page":"1748","last_page":"1748"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12190","display_name":"Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12190","display_name":"Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10783","display_name":"Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10687","display_name":"Innovative concrete reinforcement materials","score":0.9757000207901001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fly-ash","display_name":"Fly ash","score":0.8588763475418091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cementitious","display_name":"Cementitious","score":0.8231629133224487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rheology","display_name":"Rheology","score":0.780344545841217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.7586416006088257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mortar","display_name":"Mortar","score":0.7214741706848145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cement","display_name":"Cement","score":0.6528733968734741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/factorial-experiment","display_name":"Factorial experiment","score":0.5712549090385437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.568490207195282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/basalt-fiber","display_name":"Basalt fiber","score":0.519166111946106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber","display_name":"Fiber","score":0.31117191910743713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13106557726860046}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87343466","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q236139","display_name":"Fly ash","level":2,"score":0.8588763475418091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779666059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45190","display_name":"Cementitious","level":3,"score":0.8231629133224487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200990466","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q271707","display_name":"Rheology","level":2,"score":0.780344545841217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7586416006088257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130767629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7905205","display_name":"Mortar","level":2,"score":0.7214741706848145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523993062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45190","display_name":"Cement","level":2,"score":0.6528733968734741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169222746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116558","display_name":"Factorial experiment","level":2,"score":0.5712549090385437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.568490207195282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193483257","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q809762","display_name":"Basalt fiber","level":3,"score":0.519166111946106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519885992","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161","display_name":"Fiber","level":2,"score":0.31117191910743713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13106557726860046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/ma16041748","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16041748","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/4/1748/pdf?version=1676956477","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18714766","display_name":"Materials","issn_l":"1996-1944","issn":["1996-1944"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36837377","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36837377","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.qub.ac.uk/portal:openaire/d5741248-6131-46f2-82b2-e4aaead7ada6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/publications/d5741248-6131-46f2-82b2-e4aaead7ada6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402319","display_name":"Research Portal (Queen's University Belfast)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I126231945","host_organization_name":"Queen's University Belfast","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Kaushik, S, Sonebi, M, Amato, G, Das, U K & Perrot, A 2023, 'Optimisation of mix proportion of 3D printable mortar based on rheological properties and material strength using factorial design of experiment', Materials, vol. 16, no. 4, 1748. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16041748","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-05325912v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05325912","pdf_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05325912/document","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Materials, 2023, 16 (4), pp.1748. ⟨10.3390/ma16041748⟩","raw_type":"Journal articles"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9968163","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9968163","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9968163/pdf/materials-16-01748.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Materials (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:13bb90285b9f490599b1a711bc70acb6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/13bb90285b9f490599b1a711bc70acb6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Materials, Vol 16, Iss 4, p 1748 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1996-1944/16/4/1748/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16041748","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Materials","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ma16041748","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16041748","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/4/1748/pdf?version=1676956477","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18714766","display_name":"Materials","issn_l":"1996-1944","issn":["1996-1944"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320767","display_name":"University Grants Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/04p800546"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327687","display_name":"Tezpur University","ror":"https://ror.org/005x56091"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4321457782.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W117567600","https://openalex.org/W1544930604","https://openalex.org/W1976624708","https://openalex.org/W1988039676","https://openalex.org/W1988269990","https://openalex.org/W1997556377","https://openalex.org/W2009892931","https://openalex.org/W2010320283","https://openalex.org/W2030488271","https://openalex.org/W2047273065","https://openalex.org/W2057150872","https://openalex.org/W2112508065","https://openalex.org/W2114511001","https://openalex.org/W2119022360","https://openalex.org/W2135610093","https://openalex.org/W2138664833","https://openalex.org/W2166701803","https://openalex.org/W2587206813","https://openalex.org/W2606387782","https://openalex.org/W2612902089","https://openalex.org/W2741421471","https://openalex.org/W2771572119","https://openalex.org/W2781956876","https://openalex.org/W2790480906","https://openalex.org/W2800427664","https://openalex.org/W2800610918","https://openalex.org/W2804367680","https://openalex.org/W2808508889","https://openalex.org/W2810849241","https://openalex.org/W2889796981","https://openalex.org/W2901338551","https://openalex.org/W2902410194","https://openalex.org/W2902994997","https://openalex.org/W2906101038","https://openalex.org/W2920739940","https://openalex.org/W2921155042","https://openalex.org/W2937246286","https://openalex.org/W2938341776","https://openalex.org/W2951747686","https://openalex.org/W2957412640","https://openalex.org/W2968077817","https://openalex.org/W2971634548","https://openalex.org/W2990427106","https://openalex.org/W2993670274","https://openalex.org/W3006766015","https://openalex.org/W3011277784","https://openalex.org/W3012533326","https://openalex.org/W3019303873","https://openalex.org/W3043424253","https://openalex.org/W3081050669","https://openalex.org/W3093614298","https://openalex.org/W3099608875","https://openalex.org/W3117625832","https://openalex.org/W3131948835","https://openalex.org/W3155629102","https://openalex.org/W3156178232","https://openalex.org/W3173690989","https://openalex.org/W3194061681","https://openalex.org/W3203497741","https://openalex.org/W3217339078","https://openalex.org/W6632559891","https://openalex.org/W6677209689"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2944045227","https://openalex.org/W642046813","https://openalex.org/W1971622744","https://openalex.org/W2127937102","https://openalex.org/W4213235531","https://openalex.org/W3149883739","https://openalex.org/W1969902205","https://openalex.org/W2373784879","https://openalex.org/W2116664297","https://openalex.org/W4380051995"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,39,46,59,73,88,95,120,133,165,175,195,204,223,276,299,303,312,318,338,348,355,360,370,384,398,417,427,430,446],"production":[2],"of":[3,25,49,61,72,98,123,127,139,167,184,206,222,317,323,343,372,389,405,409,419,429,441],"3D":[4,35,140],"printable":[5,141],"mortar":[6,51],"(3DPM),":[7],"numerous":[8],"efforts":[9],"have":[10,380],"been":[11],"made":[12,230],"globally":[13],"to":[14,57,79,118,131,155,163,199,236,243,250,258,297,310,336,396,437,444],"effectively":[15],"utilise":[16],"various":[17],"cementitious":[18,102],"materials,":[19,103],"admixtures,":[20,100],"and":[21,27,67,90,104,110,136,150,170,179,190,208,214,253,271,286,329,341,366,377,386,402,412,422,452],"fibres.":[22,105],"The":[23,70,125,217,261,321,351,407],"determination":[24],"rheological":[26,89,134,169,207,262,385],"material":[28,91,137,171,209],"strength":[29,92,138,172,210,278,404],"properties":[30,135,211,225,263,314,388],"is":[31,130,279,295,331,394,435],"crucial":[32],"for":[33,203,228,416],"successful":[34],"concrete":[36],"printing":[37],"because":[38],"materials":[40],"used":[41,296],"in":[42,64,220,315],"3DPM":[43,157],"must":[44],"possess":[45],"unique":[47],"characteristic":[48],"making":[50],"flowable":[52],"while":[53,275,391,432],"being":[54],"strong":[55],"enough":[56],"support":[58],"weight":[60],"subsequent":[62],"layers":[63],"both":[65,87,168],"fresh":[66,451],"hardened":[68,453],"states.":[69,454],"complexity":[71],"required":[74],"characteristics":[75,173],"makes":[76],"it":[77],"challenging":[78],"develop":[80,200],"an":[81,159],"optimised":[82,160],"mix":[83,161,442],"composition":[84,162],"that":[85,354],"satisfies":[86],"requirements,":[93],"given":[94],"wide":[96],"range":[97],"available":[99],"supplementary":[101],"Fly":[106],"ash,":[107,147,187,326,376],"basalt":[108,148,188,254,327,392],"fibre":[109,255,393],"superplasticiser":[111,191,247,330,378],"when":[112],"blended":[113],"with":[114,158,231],"cement":[115,232],"can":[116,367],"help":[117],"improve":[119],"overall":[121,439],"performance":[122,371,440,448],"3DPM.":[124,373,406],"objective":[126,449],"this":[128],"research":[129],"optimise":[132,438],"mortars":[142,229],"(3DPM)":[143],"containing":[144],"cement,":[145,185,324],"fly":[146,186,239,325,375],"fibre,":[149,189,328],"superplasticiser.":[151],"This":[152],"study":[153],"aims":[154],"produce":[156],"meet":[164,445],"requirements":[166],"using":[174,266,281,333],"factorial":[176,291,361],"design":[177,197,292,362],"approach":[178,363],"desirability":[180,433],"function.":[181],"Different":[182],"dosages":[183,379],"are":[192,226,264,308,364],"chosen":[193],"as":[194],"primary":[196,319,345],"parameters":[198,301,346],"statistical":[201],"models":[202,307,357,411],"responses":[205],"at":[212,450],"7":[213],"28":[215],"days.":[216],"results":[218,352],"expressed":[219],"terms":[221,316],"measured":[224,304,313,349],"valid":[227],"ranging":[233],"from":[234,241,248,256],"550":[235],"650":[237],"kg/m3,":[238,252],"ash":[240],"5%":[242],"20%":[244],"(of":[245],"cement),":[246],"2":[249],"4":[251],"1":[257],"3":[259],"kg/m3.":[260],"evaluated":[265,280],"slump":[267,273],"flow,":[268],"cone":[269],"penetrometer,":[270],"cylindrical":[272],"tests,":[274],"mechanical":[277,387],"a":[282],"three-point":[283],"bending":[284],"test":[285],"compressive":[287],"test.":[288],"A":[289],"full":[290],"experiment":[293],"(FoE)":[294],"determine":[298,337],"significant":[300,381,420],"effecting":[302],"properties.":[305,350],"Prediction":[306],"developed":[309],"express":[311],"parameters.":[320],"influence":[322,397],"analysed":[332],"polynomial":[334],"regression":[335,356,410],"main":[339],"effects":[340,382],"interactions":[342],"these":[344],"on":[347,383],"show":[353],"established":[358],"by":[359],"effective":[365],"accurately":[368],"predict":[369],"Cement,":[374],"mortar,":[390],"able":[395],"static":[399],"yield":[400],"stress":[401],"flexural":[403],"utilisation":[408],"isoresponse":[413],"curves":[414],"allows":[415],"identification":[418],"trends":[421],"provides":[423],"valuable":[424],"insight":[425],"into":[426],"behaviour":[428],"material,":[431],"function":[434],"useful":[436],"proportions":[443],"desired":[447]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}